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Here we demonstrate a tractable approach for fully reprogramming adult mouse endothelial cells to haematopoietic stem cells (rEC-HSCs) through transient expression of the transcription-factor-encoding genes Fosb, Gfi1, Runx1, and Spi1 (collectively denoted hereafter as FGRS) and vascular-niche-derived angiocrine factors. The induction phase (days 0-8) of conversion is initiated by expression of FGRS in mature endothelial cells, which results in endogenous Runx1 expression. During the specification phase (days 8-20), RUNX1+ FGRS-transduced endothelial cells commit to a haematopoietic fate, yielding rEC-HSCs that no longer require FGRS expression. The vascular niche drives a robust self-renewal and expansion phase of rEC-HSCs (days 20-28). rEC-HSCs have a transcriptome and long-term self-renewal capacity similar to those of adult haematopoietic stem cells, and can be used for clonal engraftment and serial primary and secondary multi-lineage reconstitution, including antigen-dependent adaptive immune function. Inhibition of TGF? and CXCR7 or activation of BMP and CXCR4 signalling enhanced generation of rEC-HSCs. Pluripotency-independent conversion of endothelial cells into autologous authentic engraftable haematopoietic stem cells could aid treatment of haematological disorders. Overall design: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing data; GPL17021 Illumina HiSeq 2500 (Mus musculus)ENAMother Cell, Colony Forming Unit, adults, Colony-Forming Unit, Stem Cell, adult stage, Endotheliums, Cells, Stem, Progenitor Cells, Colony-Forming Units, Mother Cells, Progenitor Cell, Mother, Colony Forming Units, Mother., Adults, Progenitor, adult, Cellmouse, mouse <Mus musculus>, house mouse.0.00.00.00.00.00falseMus musculusConversion of adult endothelium to immunocompetent haematopoietic stem cells2022-05-122017-05-20PRJNA348758GSE888402851443810090