ENAapplication/xmlftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/044/SRR13268444/SRR13268444.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/061/SRR13268461/SRR13268461.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/096/SRR13268496/SRR13268496.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/044/SRR13268544/SRR13268544.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/074/SRR13268474/SRR13268474.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/030/SRR13268530/SRR13268530.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/052/SRR13268552/SRR13268552.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/018/SRR13268518/SRR13268518.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/000/SRR13268500/SRR13268500.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/088/SRR13268488/SRR13268488.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/070/SRR13268470/SRR13268470.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/036/SRR13268436/SRR13268436.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/022/SRR13268522/SRR13268522.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/066/SRR13268466/SRR13268466.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/092/SRR13268492/SRR13268492.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/075/SRR13268475/SRR13268475.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/009/SRR13268509/SRR13268509.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/097/SRR13268497/SRR13268497.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/031/SRR13268531/SRR13268531.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/052/SRR13268452/SRR13268452.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/053/SRR13268553/SRR13268553.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/030/SRR13268430/SRR13268430.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/082/SRR13268482/SRR13268482.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/060/SRR13268460/SRR13268460.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/091/SRR13268491/SRR13268491.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/045/SRR13268445/SRR13268445.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/031/SRR13268431/SRR13268431.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/083/SRR13268483/SRR13268483.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/053/SRR13268453/SRR13268453.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/040/SRR13268540/SRR13268540.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/017/SRR13268517/SRR13268517.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/001/SRR13268501/SRR13268501.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/028/SRR13268528/SRR13268528.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/073/SRR13268473/SRR13268473.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/056/SRR13268456/SRR13268456.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/039/SRR13268439/SRR13268439.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/067/SRR13268467/SRR13268467.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/045/SRR13268545/SRR13268545.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/034/SRR13268534/SRR13268534.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/051/SRR13268551/SRR13268551.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/054/SRR13268454/SRR13268454.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/048/SRR13268448/SRR13268448.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/059/SRR13268459/SRR13268459.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/062/SRR13268462/SRR13268462.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/058/SRR13268458/SRR13268458.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/064/SRR13268464/SRR13268464.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/026/SRR13268526/SRR13268526.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/043/SRR13268543/SRR13268543.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/042/SRR13268542/SRR13268542.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/080/SRR13268480/SRR13268480.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/063/SRR13268463/SRR13268463.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/036/SRR13268536/SRR13268536.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/065/SRR13268465/SRR13268465.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/019/SRR13268519/SRR13268519.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/071/SRR13268471/SRR13268471.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/050/SRR13268550/SRR13268550.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/057/SRR13268457/SRR13268457.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/027/SRR13268527/SRR13268527.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/049/SRR13268449/SRR13268449.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/035/SRR13268535/SRR13268535.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/050/SRR13268450/SRR13268450.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/033/SRR13268433/SRR13268433.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/072/SRR13268472/SRR13268472.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/033/SRR13268533/SRR13268533.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/099/SRR13268499/SRR13268499.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/085/SRR13268485/SRR13268485.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/029/SRR13268429/SRR13268429.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/055/SRR13268555/SRR13268555.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/077/SRR13268477/SRR13268477.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/041/SRR13268541/SRR13268541.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/029/SRR13268529/SRR13268529.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/055/SRR13268455/SRR13268455.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/081/SRR13268481/SRR13268481.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/011/SRR13268511/SRR13268511.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/007/SRR13268507/SRR13268507.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/054/SRR13268554/SRR13268554.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/047/SRR13268447/SRR13268447.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/037/SRR13268537/SRR13268537.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/032/SRR13268532/SRR13268532.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/069/SRR13268469/SRR13268469.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/015/SRR13268515/SRR13268515.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/003/SRR13268503/SRR13268503.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/098/SRR13268498/SRR13268498.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/010/SRR13268510/SRR13268510.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/008/SRR13268508/SRR13268508.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/025/SRR13268525/SRR13268525.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/076/SRR13268476/SRR13268476.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/047/SRR13268547/SRR13268547.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/016/SRR13268516/SRR13268516.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/002/SRR13268502/SRR13268502.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/068/SRR13268468/SRR13268468.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/038/SRR13268538/SRR13268538.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/046/SRR13268446/SRR13268446.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/090/SRR13268490/SRR13268490.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/046/SRR13268546/SRR13268546.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/038/SRR13268438/SRR13268438.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/024/SRR13268524/SRR13268524.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/012/SRR13268512/SRR13268512.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/006/SRR13268506/SRR13268506.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/039/SRR13268539/SRR13268539.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/056/SRR13268556/SRR13268556.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/084/SRR13268484/SRR13268484.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/095/SRR13268495/SRR13268495.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/078/SRR13268478/SRR13268478.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/089/SRR13268489/SRR13268489.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/023/SRR13268523/SRR13268523.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/037/SRR13268437/SRR13268437.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/043/SRR13268443/SRR13268443.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/040/SRR13268440/SRR13268440.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/051/SRR13268451/SRR13268451.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/032/SRR13268432/SRR13268432.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/048/SRR13268548/SRR13268548.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/020/SRR13268520/SRR13268520.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/086/SRR13268486/SRR13268486.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/035/SRR13268435/SRR13268435.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/014/SRR13268514/SRR13268514.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/004/SRR13268504/SRR13268504.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/087/SRR13268487/SRR13268487.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/049/SRR13268549/SRR13268549.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/021/SRR13268521/SRR13268521.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/093/SRR13268493/SRR13268493.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/041/SRR13268441/SRR13268441.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/079/SRR13268479/SRR13268479.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/058/SRR13268558/SRR13268558.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/013/SRR13268513/SRR13268513.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/005/SRR13268505/SRR13268505.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/034/SRR13268434/SRR13268434.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/094/SRR13268494/SRR13268494.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/057/SRR13268557/SRR13268557.fastq.gzftp.sra.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/fastq/SRR132/042/SRR13268442/SRR13268442.fastq.gzprimaryOK200GenomicsGenomics Core, Developmental and Cognitive Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Research Centerhttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/view/PRJNA686108Macaca mulattaUnlike HIV infection, which progresses to AIDS absent suppressive anti-retroviral therapy (ART), nonpathogenic infections in natural hosts, such African green monkeys (AGMs), are characterized by a lack of gut microbial translocation and robust secondary lymphoid Natural Killer (NK) cell responses resulting in absence of chronic inflammation and limited SIV dissemination in lymph nodes (LN) B-cell-follicles, respectively. In a pathogenic infection model (i.e. ART-treated, SIVmac239-infected rhesus macaques; RMs), sequential Interleukin (IL)-21 and interferon (IFN)-alpha therapy generated terminally-differentiated blood NK cells (NKG2a/clowCD16+) with potent HLA-E-restricted activity in response to SIV-ENV peptides in contrast to control RMs, where less differentiated, IFN-gamma+ NK cells predominated. The frequency and cytolytic activity of NKG2a/clowCD16+ NK cells correlated with a reduction of replication-competent SIV in LN during ART and viral rebound delay following analytical treatment interruption. These data demonstrate that AGM-like NK cell differentiation profiles can be rescued in RMs to promote viral clearance in tissues. Overall design: 13 SIV infected and ART-treated rhesus macaques were used. 8 were treated with IL-21 and IFN-alpha and PEGylated-IFN-alpha and 5 were untreated controls. Blood was sampled longitudinally post-treatment.ENAIL21, Influenza A (H1N1) Virus infection, interleukin-21 receptor ligand, dTAF[[II]]230, TAF[[II]]250, d230, swine influenza, dl, situs inversus viscerum, Za11, IL-22, IL-21, Arts, simian immunodeficiency virus infection, IL-TIF, TAF200, l(3)84Ab, dTAFII250, BG:DS00004.13, 9930121L06Rik, TAFII-250, macaques., TAF250/230, EfW1, CG3629, Cell, visceral heterotaxy caused by mutation in NODAL, dTAF230, macaque, dmTAF[[II]]230, l(2)01092, TAFII250, Simian immunodeficiency virus caused disease or disorder, l(2)387, dmTAF1, Taf230, p230, DmelCG3629, BcDNA:LP01770, TAF[[II]]250/230, TFIID, H1N1 Influenza, TIFa, TAF250, treatment, Taf[[II]]250, SIV, AI661365, Art, Taf200, DLL, IL-D110, ILTIF, dTAF[[II]]250, TAF[[II]]230, TFIID TAF250, cel, HTX5, cell, zcyto18, Taf1p, TAF[II]250, H1N1 flu, CG17603, TAF[[II]], CVID11, E(Arp), En(Arp), Ba, dTAF250, dll, DmelCG17603, swine flu, Snm1l, Taf250, SR3-5, Swine influenza virus influenza, disease management, Swine influenza virus caused influenza, NODAL visceral heterotaxy, Influenza A (H1N1), TAF, H1N1 Virus infection, 2.7, TAF230, TIFIL-23, Simian immunodeficiency virus infectious disease, TAF1, Simian immunodeficiency virus disease or disorderIL21, Influenza A (H1N1) Virus infection, interleukin-21 receptor ligand, dTAF[[II]]230, TAF[[II]]250, d230, swine influenza, dl, situs inversus viscerum, Za11, IL-22, IL-21, Arts, simian immunodeficiency virus infection, IL-TIF, TAF200, l(3)84Ab, dTAFII250, BG:DS00004.13, 9930121L06Rik, TAFII-250, macaques., TAF250/230, EfW1, CG3629, Cell, visceral heterotaxy caused by mutation in NODAL, dTAF230, macaque, dmTAF[[II]]230, l(2)01092, TAFII250, Simian immunodeficiency virus caused disease or disorder, l(2)387, dmTAF1, Taf230, p230, DmelCG3629, BcDNA:LP01770, TAF[[II]]250/230, TFIID, H1N1 Influenza, TIFa, TAF250, treatment, Taf[[II]]250, SIV, AI661365, Art, Taf200, DLL, IL-D110, ILTIF, dTAF[[II]]250, TAF[[II]]230, TFIID TAF250, cel, HTX5, cell, zcyto18, Taf1p, TAF[II]250, H1N1 flu, CG17603, TAF[[II]], CVID11, E(Arp), En(Arp), Ba, dTAF250, dll, DmelCG17603, swine flu, Snm1l, Taf250, SR3-5, Swine influenza virus influenza, disease management, Swine influenza virus caused influenza, NODAL visceral heterotaxy, Influenza A (H1N1), TAF, H1N1 Virus infection, 2.7, TAF230, TIFIL-23, Simian immunodeficiency virus infectious disease, TAF1, Simian immunodeficiency virus disease or disorder0.00.00.00.00.0falseIL-21 and IFNalpha therapy rescues terminally-differentiated NK cells and limit SIV reservoir in ART-treated macaques [cohort2]IL-21 and IFNalpha therapy rescues terminally-differentiated NK cells and limit SIV reservoir in ART-treated macaques [cohort2]2022-05-182021-02-25PRJNA686108GSE163441340018909544