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University of Chinese Medicinehttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/view/PRJNA1256799Our study integrated the 16S rRNA sequencing and inflammatory factor assessment with detail clinical information to analyze the influence of COPD on microbial communities in diverse sites, including the oropharynx, nasopharynx, sputum, and intestinal tract, and to observe the potential flora transfer between microbial communities and the alteration of pathogenic microbes.ENAfalseDifferent responses of the oral, nasal and lung microbiomes to cigarette smoke2025-05-012025-05-01PRJNA1256799