{"database":"ENA","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"omics_type":["Genomics"],"center_name":["Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/view/PRJNA941462"],"scientific_name":["Homo sapiens"],"long_description":["MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a well-characterized class of small RNAs (sRNAs) that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. miRNAs function within a complex milieu of other sRNAs of similar size and abundance, with the best characterized being tRNA fragments or tRFs. The mechanism by which the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) selects for specific sRNAs over others is not entirely understood in human cells. Several highly expressed tRNA trailers (tRF-1s) are strikingly similar to microRNAs in length but are generally excluded from the microRNA effector pathway. This exclusion provides a paradigm for identifying mechanisms of RISC selectivity. Here, we show that 5' to 3' exoribonuclease XRN2 contributes to human RISC selectivity. Although highly abundant, tRF-1s are highly unstable and degraded by XRN2 which blocks tRF-1 accumulation in RISC. We also find that XRN mediated degradation of tRF-1s and subsequent exclusion from RISC is conserved in plants. Our findings reveal a conserved mechanism that prevents aberrant entry of a class of highly produced sRNAs into Ago2. Overall design: Small RNA sequencing data: examination of small RNA expression following siXRN1&2. Flag-HA-Ago2 (FH-Ago2) RNA immunoprecipitation followed by small RNA sequencing: examination of small RNAs that interact with FH-Ago2 following siXRN2."],"tag":["xref:PubMed:37146074"],"repository":["ENA"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"XRN2 Suppresses Aberrant Entry of tRNA Trailers into Argonaute in Humans and Arabidopsis","description":"XRN2 Suppresses Aberrant Entry of tRNA Trailers into Argonaute in Humans and Arabidopsis","dates":{"last_updated":"2025-09-24","first_public":"2023-04-27"},"accession":"PRJNA941462","cross_references":{"GEO":["GSE184124"],"taxon":["9606"],"PubMed":["37146074"]}}