Transcription profiling of Th17 cells from mice expressing Mekk1 without catalytic domain (Map3k1∆KD) and control mice
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
SUBMITTER: 
Tesha Suddason
PROVIDER: E-MTAB-4499 | ArrayExpress | 2016-08-31
REPOSITORIES: ArrayExpress
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Project description:CD4+ T cells that selectively produce interleukin (IL)-17, are critical for host defense and autoimmunity1-4. Crucial for T helper17 (Th17) cells in vivo5,6, IL-23 has been thought to be incapable of driving initial differentiation. Rather, IL-6 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 have been argued to be the factors responsible for initiating specification7-10. Herein, we show that Th17 differentiation occurs in the absence of TGF-β signaling. Neither IL-6 nor IL-23 alone efficiently generated Th17 cells; however, these cytokines in combination with IL-1β effectively induced IL-17 production in naïve precursors, independently of TGF-β. Epigenetic modification of the Il17a/Il17f and Rorc promoters proceeded without TGF-β1, allowing the generation of cells that co-expressed Rorγt and T-bet. T-bet+Rorγt+ Th17 cells are generated in vivo during experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), and adoptively transferred Th17 cells generated with IL-23 in the absence of TGF-β1 were more pathogenic in this experimental disease. These data suggest a new model for Th17 differentiation. Consistent with genetic data linking the IL23R with autoimmunity, our findings re-emphasize the role of IL-23 and therefore have important implications for the development of new therapies. Mouse T helper 17 cell differentiation with or without TGFB
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Project description:IL-17-producing T helper (TH17) cells have been selected through evolution for their ability to control fungal and bacterial infections. It is also firmly established that their aberrant generation and activation results in autoimmune conditions. Using a characterized potent and selective small molecule inhibitor, we show that the bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) family of chromatin adaptors plays fundamental and selective roles in human and murine TH17 differentiation from naïve CD4+ T cells, as well as in the activation of previously differentiated TH17 cells. We provide evidence that BET controls TH17 differentiation in a bromodomain-dependent manner through a mechanism that includes the direct regulation of multiple effector TH17-associated cytokines, including IL17, IL21 and GMCSF. We also demonstrate that BET family members Brd2 and Brd4 associate with the Il17 locus in TH17 cells, and that this association requires bromodomains. We recapitulate the critical role of BET bromodomains in TH17 differentiation in vivo and show that therapeutic dosing of the BET inhibitor is efficacious in mouse models of autoimmunity. Our results identify the BET family of proteins as a fundamental link between chromatin signaling and TH17 biology, and support the notion of BET inhibition as a point of therapeutic intervention in autoimmune conditions. 4 samples were analyzed: two conditions in duplicate. Naive T cells were placed in conditions leading to TH17 differentiation, with and without BET inhibitor. RNA was collected at 48 hours.
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Project description:To explore the differences in miRNA profiles, naive CD4+CD62L+ helper T cells were sorted by magnetic cell sorting from spleens of female C57BL/6 mice and were induced to differentiate into Th1 or Th17 cells, then total RNA was extracted and miRNA-seq were conducted. The results showed that many microTNAs presented a different expression pattern between Th1 and Th17 cells, which prompted us to further study their roles in Th117 differenciation. miRNA profiles of Th0 and Th17 cells were generated by deep sequencing, in triplicate, using Illumina HiSeq 2500
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Project description:Genome-wide analysis of Jarid2, Suz12, and c-Maf binding and H3K27me3 profiling in miR-155 KO and WT Th17 performed by ChIP-seq. We found that Jarid2 and c-Maf is differentially expressed in absence of miR-155 and they compete for binding to the Il22 promoter. We highlight targets of Jarid2 and Suz12 in miR-155 KO Th17 cells that are epigenetically silenced by increased H3K27me3 status. Furthermore, genome-wide analysis through Suz12 ChIP-exo in WT and Jarid2fl/fl;CD4cre Th17 reveals defects in PRC2 recruitment in abscence of Jarid2 that results in derepression of genes in Th17 cells. Thus, one main function of miR-155 is to curb epigenetic silencing by targeting Jarid2. Examination of Jarid2, Suz12, c-Maf binding and H3K27me3 changes in miR-155 KO and WT Th17.
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Project description:RORγt is a transcription factor required for T helper 17 (Th17) cell development. We identified three RORγt-specific inhibitors that suppress Th17 cell responses including Th17 cell-mediated autoimmune disease. We systemically characterized RORγt binding data in the presence and absence of drug with corresponding whole-transcriptome sequencing for wild-type and RORγt-deficient cells. RORγt is central in a densely interconnected regulatory network, acting both as a direct activator of genes important for Th17 cell differentiation and as a direct repressor of genes from other T-cell lineages. The three inhibitors identified here reversed both of these modes of action, but to varying extents and through distinct mechanisms. Whereas one inhibitor displaced RORγt from its target-loci, the two more potent inhibitors affected transcription predominantly without removing DNA-binding. Our work illustrates the power of a system-scale analysis of transcriptional regulation to characterize potential therapeutic compounds that inhibit pathogenic Th17 cells and suppress autoimmunity. DNA binding of RORγt in WT Th17 cells and under chemical perturbations of RORγt; Additional data is included for epitope-tagged exogenous RORγt in EL4 cells (a murine lymphoma cell line)
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