E-GEOD-31875
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
OTHER RELATED OMICS DATASETS IN: PRJNA145239
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-31875 | ExpressionAtlas | 2015-09-18
REPOSITORIES: ExpressionAtlas
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| E-GEOD-31875-analysis-methods.tsv | Tabular | |||
| E-GEOD-31875-atlasExperimentSummary.Rdata | Rdata | |||
| E-GEOD-31875-configuration.xml | Xml | |||
| E-GEOD-31875-percentile-ranks.tsv | Tabular | |||
| E-GEOD-31875.condensed-sdrf.tsv | Tabular |
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Project description:Gene and pathways affected by CAG-repeat RNA-based toxicity in Drosophila
| PRJNA145239 | ENA
Project description:Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is one of the polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases, which are caused by a CAG repeat expansion within the coding region of the associated genes. The CAG repeat specifies glutamine, and the expanded polyQ domain with mutation confers dominant toxicity on the protein. Traditionally, studies have focused on protein toxicity in polyQ disease mechanisms. Recent findings, however, demonstrate that the CAG repeat RNA, which encodes the toxic polyQ protein, also contributes to the disease in Drosophila. To provide insight into the nature of the RNA toxicity, we extracted brain-enriched RNA from flies expressing a toxic CAG repeat mRNA (CAG100) and a non-toxic interrupted CAA/G mRNA repeat (CAA/G105) for microarray analysis. This approach identified a set of genes that are differentially expressed specifically in CAG100 flies.
2011-11-22 | GSE31875 | GEO
Project description:Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is one of the polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases, which are caused by a CAG repeat expansion within the coding region of the associated genes. The CAG repeat specifies glutamine, and the expanded polyQ domain with mutation confers dominant toxicity on the protein. Traditionally, studies have focused on protein toxicity in polyQ disease mechanisms. Recent findings, however, demonstrate that the CAG repeat RNA, which encodes the toxic polyQ protein, also contributes to the disease in Drosophila. To provide insight into the nature of the RNA toxicity, we extracted brain-enriched RNA from flies expressing a toxic CAG repeat mRNA (CAG100) and a non-toxic interrupted CAA/G mRNA repeat (CAA/G105) for microarray analysis. This approach identified a set of genes that are differentially expressed specifically in CAG100 flies. Four independent replicates of flies expressing CAG0, CAG100, or CAA/G105 by elav-GAL4 were collected at 3 days. The transgenes are DsRed with either (CAG0) no CAG repeat in the 3'UTR, (CAG100) a CAG repeat of 100 CAGs in the 3'UTR, or (CAA/G105) an interrupted CAA CAG repeat in the 3'UTR (ref: Li et al., Nature 453:1107) The transgenes were adjusted to match in mRNA expression such that CAG0 flies had one copy of the transgene, CAG100 flies had 5 copies, and CAA/G105 had two copies. Fly brain tissue (about 20 brains per sample, dissected from head capsule, eyes, lamina and outer medulla removed) was dissected in cold phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and stored in Trizol reagent (Invitrogen Corporation, Carlsbad, CA) at -80Ë?C. Total brain RNA was extracted and purified using TRIzol reagent (Invitrogen) and the RNeasy Mini system (Qiagen), and treated with RNase-free DNase I (Qiagen). To define genes whose expression is altered in response to a toxic CAG repeat RNA, we compared CAG100 flies with age-matched flies expressing CAG0. To exclude transcriptional changes in response to a non-toxic trinucleotide repeat, a second gene list was generated by comparing CAA/G105 flies with age-matched CAG0 flies.
2011-11-22 | E-GEOD-31875 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Dominantly inherited expanded repeat neurodegenerative diseases are typically caused by the expansion of existing variable copy number tandem repeat sequences in otherwise unrelated genes. Repeats located in translated regions encode polyglutamine that is thought to be the toxic agent, however in several instances the expanded repeat is in an untranslated region, necessitating multiple pathogenic pathways or an alternative common toxic agent. As numerous clinical features are shared by several of these diseases, and expanded repeat RNA is a common intermediary, RNA has been proposed as a common pathogenic agent. Various forms of repeat RNA are toxic in animal models, by multiple distinct pathways. In Drosophila, repeat-containing double-stranded RNA (rCAG.rCUG~100) toxicity is dependent on Dicer processing evident with the presence of single-stranded rCAG7, which have been detected in affected HD brains. Microarray analysis of Drosophila rCAG.rCUG~100 repeat RNA toxicity revealed perturbation of several pathways including innate immunity. Recent reports of elevated circulating cytokines prior to clinical onset, and age-dependent increased inflammatory signaling and microglia activation in the brain, suggest that immune activation precedes neuronal toxicity. Since the Toll pathway is activated by certain forms of RNA, we assessed the role of this pathway in RNA toxicity. We find that rCAG.rCUG~100 activates Toll signaling and that RNA toxicity is dependent on this pathway. The sensitivity of RNA toxicity to autophagy further implicates innate immune activation. Expression of rCAG.rCUG~100 was therefore directed in glial cells and found to be sufficient to cause neuronal dysfunction. Non-autonomous toxicity due to expanded repeat-containing double-stranded RNA mediated activation of innate immunity is therefore proposed as a candidate pathway for this group of human genetic diseases.
2013-04-05 | GSE42910 | GEO
Project description:Dominantly inherited expanded repeat neurodegenerative diseases are typically caused by the expansion of existing variable copy number tandem repeat sequences in otherwise unrelated genes. Repeats located in translated regions encode polyglutamine that is thought to be the toxic agent, however in several instances the expanded repeat is in an untranslated region, necessitating multiple pathogenic pathways or an alternative common toxic agent. As numerous clinical features are shared by several of these diseases, and expanded repeat RNA is a common intermediary, RNA has been proposed as a common pathogenic agent. Various forms of repeat RNA are toxic in animal models, by multiple distinct pathways. In Drosophila, repeat-containing double-stranded RNA (rCAG.rCUG~100) toxicity is dependent on Dicer processing evident with the presence of single-stranded rCAG7, which have been detected in affected HD brains. Microarray analysis of Drosophila rCAG.rCUG~100 repeat RNA toxicity revealed perturbation of several pathways including innate immunity. Recent reports of elevated circulating cytokines prior to clinical onset, and age-dependent increased inflammatory signaling and microglia activation in the brain, suggest that immune activation precedes neuronal toxicity. Since the Toll pathway is activated by certain forms of RNA, we assessed the role of this pathway in RNA toxicity. We find that rCAG.rCUG~100 activates Toll signaling and that RNA toxicity is dependent on this pathway. The sensitivity of RNA toxicity to autophagy further implicates innate immune activation. Expression of rCAG.rCUG~100 was therefore directed in glial cells and found to be sufficient to cause neuronal dysfunction. Non-autonomous toxicity due to expanded repeat-containing double-stranded RNA mediated activation of innate immunity is therefore proposed as a candidate pathway for this group of human genetic diseases. The heads from newly eclosed male Drosophila were used for RNA extraction and profiling on Affymetrix Drosophile Genome 2.0 microarrays. Nine samples were analysed, representing control and experimental lines. Two independent lines of rCAG.rCUG~100 double-stranded RNA were analysed in triplicate. These were compared to 4xUAS control analysed in triplicate. All transgenes were expressed using the elavII-GAL4 pan-neuronal driver. Candidates were selected from the pool of transcripts which showed a 'present' call in all samples. T-tests were performed on raw values to determine samples that showed a significant difference with a P-value < 0.05.
2013-04-05 | E-GEOD-42910 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Transcribed CGG repeat expansions cause the neurodegenerative disorder Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS). CGG repeat RNAs sequester RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) into nuclear foci and undergo repeat-associated non-AUG (RAN) translation into toxic peptides in the cytoplasm. To identify proteins involved in these processes, we employed a CGG repeat RNA-tagging system to capture repeat associated RBPs by mass spectrometry in mammalian cells. We identified several SR (serine/arginine-rich domain) proteins that interact selectively with CGG repeats basally and under cellular stress. These same proteins modify toxicity in a Drosophila model of FXTAS. Genetic or pharmacological targeting of serine/arginine protein kinases (SRPKs) inhibits RAN translation in cells and toxicity in both FXTAS and C9orf72 ALS/FTD model flies. Furthermore, SRPK inhibitors suppressed CGG repeat toxicity in rodent neurons. These findings demonstrate roles for CGG repeat RNA binding proteins in repeat toxicity and support further evaluation of SRPK inhibitors in modulating RAN translation associated with repeat expansion disorders.
2021-09-28 | PXD027000 | Pride
Project description:In Huntington’s disease (HD), expanded HTT CAG repeat length correlates strongly with age at motor onset, indicating that it determines the rate of the disease process leading to diagnostic clinical manifestations. Similarly, in normal individuals, HTT CAG repeat length is correlated with biochemical differences that reveal it as a functional polymorphism. Here, we tested the hypothesis that gene expression signatures can capture continuous, length-dependent effects of the HTT CAG repeat. Using gene expression datasets for 107 HD and control lymphoblastoid cell lines, we constructed mathematical models in an iterative manner, based upon CAG correlated gene expression patterns in randomly chosen training samples, and tested their predictive power in test samples. Predicted CAG repeat lengths were significantly correlated with experimentally determined CAG repeat lengths, whereas models based upon randomly permuted CAGs were not at all predictive. Predictions from different batches of mRNA for the same cell lines were significantly correlated, implying that CAG length-correlated gene expression is reproducible. Notably, HTT expression was not itself correlated with HTT CAG repeat length. Taken together, these findings confirm the concept of a gene expression signature representing the continuous effect of HTT CAG length and not primarily dependent on the level of huntingtin expression. Such global and unbiased approaches, applied to additional cell types and tissues, may facilitate the discovery of therapies for HD by providing a comprehensive view of molecular changes triggered by HTT CAG repeat length for use in screening for and testing compounds that reverse effects of the HTT CAG expansion. To evaluate the continuous analytical approach as a strategy to discover the molecular consequences of the HTT CAG repeat, genome-wide gene expression datasets were generated from a panel of 107 human lymphoblastoid cell lines with HTT CAGs spanning the entire spectrum of allele sizes.
2013-05-03 | E-GEOD-34721 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In Huntington’s disease (HD), expanded HTT CAG repeat length correlates strongly with age at motor onset, indicating that it determines the rate of the disease process leading to diagnostic clinical manifestations. Similarly, in normal individuals, HTT CAG repeat length is correlated with biochemical differences that reveal it as a functional polymorphism. Here, we tested the hypothesis that gene expression signatures can capture continuous, length-dependent effects of the HTT CAG repeat. Using gene expression datasets for 107 HD and control lymphoblastoid cell lines, we constructed mathematical models in an iterative manner, based upon CAG correlated gene expression patterns in randomly chosen training samples, and tested their predictive power in test samples. Predicted CAG repeat lengths were significantly correlated with experimentally determined CAG repeat lengths, whereas models based upon randomly permuted CAGs were not at all predictive. Predictions from different batches of mRNA for the same cell lines were significantly correlated, implying that CAG length-correlated gene expression is reproducible. Notably, HTT expression was not itself correlated with HTT CAG repeat length. Taken together, these findings confirm the concept of a gene expression signature representing the continuous effect of HTT CAG length and not primarily dependent on the level of huntingtin expression. Such global and unbiased approaches, applied to additional cell types and tissues, may facilitate the discovery of therapies for HD by providing a comprehensive view of molecular changes triggered by HTT CAG repeat length for use in screening for and testing compounds that reverse effects of the HTT CAG expansion.
2013-05-03 | GSE34721 | GEO
Project description:Huntington’s Disease (HD) is caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the gene encoding Huntingtin (HTT). While normal HTT function appears impacted by the mutation, the specific pathways unique to CAG repeat expansion versus loss of normal function are unclear. To understand the impact of the CAG repeat expansion, we evaluated biological signatures of HTT knockout (HTT KO) versus those that occur from the CAG repeat expansion by applying multi-omics, live cell imaging, survival analysis and a novel feature- based pipeline to study cortical neurons (eCNs) derived from an isogenic human embryonic stem cell series (RUES2). HTT KO and the CAG repeat expansion influence developmental trajectories of eCNs, with opposing effects on the growth. Network analyses of differentially expressed genes and proteins associated with enriched epigenetic motifs identified subnetworks common to CAG repeat expansion and HTT KO that include neuronal differentiation, cell cycle regulation, and mechanisms related to transcriptional repression and may represent gain-of-function mechanisms that cannot be explained by HTT loss of function alone. A combination of dominant and loss-of-function mechanisms are likely involved in the aberrant neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative features of HD that can help inform therapeutic strategies.
2025-04-29 | GSE284798 | GEO
Project description:Huntington’s Disease (HD) is caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the gene encoding Huntingtin (HTT). While normal HTT function appears impacted by the mutation, the specific pathways unique to CAG repeat expansion versus loss of normal function are unclear. To understand the impact of the CAG repeat expansion, we evaluated biological signatures of HTT knockout (HTT KO) versus those that occur from the CAG repeat expansion by applying multi-omics, live cell imaging, survival analysis and a novel feature- based pipeline to study cortical neurons (eCNs) derived from an isogenic human embryonic stem cell series (RUES2). HTT KO and the CAG repeat expansion influence developmental trajectories of eCNs, with opposing effects on the growth. Network analyses of differentially expressed genes and proteins associated with enriched epigenetic motifs identified subnetworks common to CAG repeat expansion and HTT KO that include neuronal differentiation, cell cycle regulation, and mechanisms related to transcriptional repression and may represent gain-of-function mechanisms that cannot be explained by HTT loss of function alone. A combination of dominant and loss-of-function mechanisms are likely involved in the aberrant neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative features of HD that can help inform therapeutic strategies.
2025-04-29 | GSE284565 | GEO