Project description:The PPARD ligand response (agonist and inverse agonist) in monocyte derived macrophages from 3 healthy donors was assesed via RNAseq.
Project description:Transcriptome profiles for innate and adaptive immune stimuli important for host response against mycobacteria. Human monocyte-derived macrophages were stimulated with TLR2/1 ligand and interferon-g, stimuli present during innate and adaptive immune responses, respectively.
Project description:We compare M1 and M2 stimuli in human macrophages. Total RNA obtained from autologous serum monocyte-derived macrophages exposed to key cytokines, Lps, Glucocorticoid receptor ligand or left untreated.
Project description:Pneumococcal pneumonia is a leading cause of death and a major source of human morbidity. The initial immune response plays a central role in determining the course and outcome of pneumococcal disease. We combine bacterial titer measurements from mice infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae with mathematical modeling to investigate the coordination of immune responses and the effects of initial inoculum on outcome. To evaluate the contributions of individual components, we systematically build a mathematical model from three subsystems that describe the succession of defensive cells in the lung: resident alveolar macrophages, neutrophils and monocyte-derived macrophages. The alveolar macrophage response, which can be modeled by a single differential equation, can by itself rapidly clear small initial numbers of pneumococci. Extending the model to include the neutrophil response required additional equations for recruitment cytokines and host cell status and damage. With these dynamics, two outcomes can be predicted: bacterial clearance or sustained bacterial growth. Finally, a model including monocyte-derived macrophage recruitment by neutrophils suggests that sustained bacterial growth is possible even in their presence. Our model quantifies the contributions of cytotoxicity and immune-mediated damage in pneumococcal pathogenesis.
Project description:In response to the cytokines, macrophage colony-stimulating factor and receptor activator of NF-kB ligand, monocyte precursors differentiate into bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) that ultimately fuse to form multi-nucleated osteoclasts, following a tightly controlled genetic program where specific sets of genes are differentially expressed. We used microarrays to examine the gene expression profile underlying mouse osteoclast differentiation.
Project description:The contribution of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC) to an immune response is essential for the elimination of pathogens. In vitro DC can be generated by treatment of monocytes with GM-CSF + IL-4 but it is unknown what stimuli induce the differentiation of monocytes to DC in vivo. CD137L-DC are human monocyte-derived DC that are generated by CD137 ligand (CD137L) signaling. Since CD137 is only expressed at sites of inflammation it would be a suitable signal for the induction of monocyte-derived DC. Here we report on gene expression analysis of CD137L-DC, immature and mature classical DC, monocytes and macrophages which indicates that CD137L-DC have a gene signature that is most similar to that of classical DC. Additionally, CD137L-DC signature genes are highly enriched in monocyte-derived DC which were isolated from sites of inflammation. Also cell surface marker expression and cytokine secretion of CD137L-DC are highly similar to that of inflammatory monocyte-derived DC. CD137L-DC express high levels of adhesion molecules, display strong attachment and employ the adhesion molecule ALCAM to stimulate T cell proliferation. This study identifies a physiological stimulus for the generation of monocyte-derived DC in vivo. A total of 30 expression profiles were obtained, on 6 APC subtypes from 5 different donors