E-MTAB-8284
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: E-MTAB-8284 | ExpressionAtlas | 2020-01-13
REPOSITORIES: ExpressionAtlas
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| E-MTAB-8284-analysis-methods.tsv | Tabular | |||
| E-MTAB-8284-analytics.tsv | Tabular | |||
| E-MTAB-8284-atlasExperimentSummary.Rdata | Rdata | |||
| E-MTAB-8284-configuration.xml | Xml | |||
| E-MTAB-8284-g1_g2-mvaPlot.png | Other |
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Project description:Ionizing radiation-induced changes to the redox balance does not only represent a risk for the cellular homeostasis, but can also induce a drastic modulation in the overall signalling system of cells. In the current study, effects of chronic exposure to ionizing gamma radiation were assessed in the radioresistant nematode Caenorhabditis elegans in order to understand whether antioxidant defences (AODs) could ameliorate radical formation, or if increased ROS levels would cause oxidative damage. This analysis was accompanied by phenotypical as well as molecular investigations, via assessment of reproductive capacity and somatic growth and differential gene expression through RNA sequencing. The use of a fluorescent reporter strain (sod1::gfp) and two ratiometric biosensors (Hyper and Grx1-roGFP2) demonstrated increased ROS production (H2O2) and activation of AODs (SOD1 and GPx) in vivo. The data indicate that at dose-rates ≤10 mGy/h defence mechanisms were able to prevent the manifestation of oxidative stress. In contrast, at dose-rates ≥40 mGy/h the constant formation of radicals induced a redox shift, which lead to oxidative damage responses, including changes in mitochondrial metabolism and functions, protein degradation, lipid metabolism, collagen synthesis and modulation of transcription. Moreover, genotoxic effects were among the most over-represented functions affected by chronic gamma irradiation, as indicated by differential regulation of genes involved in DNA damage, DNA repair, cell-cycle checkpoints, chromosome segregation and chromatin remodelling. Ultimately, the exposure to gamma radiation caused reprotoxic effects, with >20% reduction in the number of offspring per adult hermaphrodite at dose-rates ≥40 mGy/h, accompanied by the down-regulation of more than 300 genes related to reproductive system, meiotic functions and gamete development and fertilization.
2019-10-17 | E-MTAB-8284 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In vivo assessment of ROS production and oxidative stress effects induced by chronic exposure to gamma radiation in C. elegans
| PRJEB34753 | ENA
Project description:Parental exposure to environmental stress factors during gestation as well as embryonal developmental may lead to deleterious consequences onto the offspring. In the present study, we assessed the adverse effects and mode of toxic action of chronic exposure to ionizing radiation over 4 generations in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Our data show a decrease of 23% in the number of offspring on the first generation F0 and a decrease of more than 40% in subsequent generations F1, F2 and F3 from parental exposure.Transcriptomic analysis revealed modulation of a common set of genes functions betweenthrough generations that included transcription factors, as well as genes involved in stress response, unfolded protein response, lipid metabolism and reproduction. Furthermore, a drastic increase in the number of differentially expressed genes involved in defense response was measured in the last two generations, suggesting a cumulative stress effect of ionizing radiation exposure. Integration of these multi-scale data demonstrates that chronic gamma exposure can impact the germline and induce an increase in defense mechanisms, including apoptosis, antioxidant enzymes, and a modulation of lipid metabolism to improve resistance to stress. Harmful effects intensify over generations, after F0 at the phenotypic level F0 and F1 at the transcriptomic level , emphasizing the importance of studying effects of chronic exposure to pollutants over several generations.
2022-05-01 | GSE175918 | GEO
Project description:In the summer of 2012, one year after the 3.11 accident at Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant following the Great Tohoku Earthquake, a project was initiated to examine the effects of low-level gamma radiation on rice plants. The site of the experiment was the highly contaminated Iitate village in Fukushima prefecture of Japan. The basic experimental strategy was to expose healthy rice seedlings to continuous low-dose gamma radiation and examine the morphological and molecular genetic changes therien. Selected gene expression profiles of internal control, DNA replication/repair, oxidative stress, photosynthesis, and defense/stress functions were examined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Results revealed that low-level gamma radiation affects the expression of numerous genes, in particular showing the early (6 h) induction in DNA repair/damage-related genes and the late (72 h) induction of a previously described marker gene for defense/stress responses. Based on these results, which confirmed our data from preliminary experiments using detached rice leaves for radiation exposure, we proceeded for DNA microarray analysis. Using the established dye-swap approach, we analyzed the differentially expressed genes at 6 and 72 h time points using a whole rice genome 4 x 44 K custom chip. Obtained results showed that exposure to low-level gamma radiation differentially regulated 4481 (induced) and 3740 (suppressed) and 2291 (induced) and 1474 (suppressed) rice leaf genes at 6 and 72 h post-exposure, respectively, by at least two-fold changes. MapMan bioinformatics tool was also used to produce diagrams of the potential pathways, based on the input gene expression data of highly changed genes, operating downstream of the gamma radiation perception by rice plant.Inventory of a large number of gamma radiation-responsive genes in leaves provide new information and increased knowledge on novel regulatory processes in rice. The highly contaminated Iitate Farm (ITF), which is located 31 Km from the damaged nuclear power plant and having a background radiation level over 100 times (~ 5 microSv/h) than normal, was the designated place for the re-examination of low-level gamma radiation experiments using rice as a model system. As our group had a decade of experience and data on the effects of gamma radiation on leaf segments, the experimental was designed in such a way so as to expose whole rice plants to gamma radiation being emitted from the contaminated ground and examine the morphological and molecular genetic changes in the leaves under a dose-dependent manner.
2013-12-07 | E-GEOD-53055 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This study aims to investigate dose-dependent transcriptomic responses of Daphnia magna after chronic exposure to gamma radiation. RNA sequecing was performed after 4 days and 8 days exposure. Differentially expressed genes and major pathways enriched were characerized to provide insights into the chronic effects of gamma radiation.
2023-01-01 | GSE207246 | GEO
Project description:In the current study a systematic investigation of life stage, tissue and cell dependent sensitivity to ionizing radiation in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans was conducted. This revealed that individuals that have reached the post-mitotic L4 stage showed no significant effects with respect to mortality, morbidity or reproduction when subjected to either acute dose ≤6 Gy(1500 mGy/h) or chronic exposure ≤4 Gy( ≤ 100 mGy/h). In contrast, chronic exposure from embryo to young adult stage caused a dose and dose rate dependent reprotoxicitiy with 43% reduction in total brood size at 6.7Gy (107 mGy/h). Systematic targeted irradiation of developmental stages showed that exposure during L1 to young L4 was sufficient to induce reprotoxic effects. Exposure during these stages was associated with a dose rate dependent genotoxic effects on gonads with 1.7 to 3.2 fold increase in germ cell apoptosis in larvae subjected to 40-100 mGy/h, respectively. Importantly, exposure to gamma radiation significantly impaired spermatogenesis in a dose rate dependent manner. The observed reduction in the number of spermatids accounted for xx% of the reprotoxic effects, thus signifying spermatids as the most radiosensitive cell type in C. elegans. Molecular responses analyzed by RNAseq of nematodes irradiated from L1 to L4 stage revealed a significant enrichment of genes related to both male and hermaphrodite reproductive processes. Gene network analysis identified adverse genotoxic effects related to down-regulation of genes required for spindle formation and sperm meiosis/maturation, including smz-1, smz-2 and htas-1. The expression of a subset of 28 set-17 regulated Major Sperm Proteins (MSP) required for spermatids production was correlated to the reduction in reproduction and the number of spermatids, thus corroborating the impairment of spermatogenesis as the major cause of gamma radiation induced life-stage dependent reprotoxic effect. Furthermore, the progeny of irradiated nematodes showed significant embryonal DNA damage that was associated with persistent effect on somatic growth. Unexpectedly, these nematodes did however maintain much of their reproductive capacity in spite of the reduced growth.
2019-07-03 | E-MTAB-8004 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In the summer of 2012, one year after the 3.11 accident at Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant following the Great Tohoku Earthquake, a project was initiated to examine the effects of low-level gamma radiation on rice plants. The site of the experiment was the highly contaminated Iitate village in Fukushima prefecture of Japan. The basic experimental strategy was to expose healthy rice seedlings to continuous low-dose gamma radiation and examine the morphological and molecular genetic changes therien. Selected gene expression profiles of internal control, DNA replication/repair, oxidative stress, photosynthesis, and defense/stress functions were examined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Results revealed that low-level gamma radiation affects the expression of numerous genes, in particular showing the early (6 h) induction in DNA repair/damage-related genes and the late (72 h) induction of a previously described marker gene for defense/stress responses. Based on these results, which confirmed our data from preliminary experiments using detached rice leaves for radiation exposure, we proceeded for DNA microarray analysis. Using the established dye-swap approach, we analyzed the differentially expressed genes at 6 and 72 h time points using a whole rice genome 4 x 44 K custom chip. Obtained results showed that exposure to low-level gamma radiation differentially regulated 4481 (induced) and 3740 (suppressed) and 2291 (induced) and 1474 (suppressed) rice leaf genes at 6 and 72 h post-exposure, respectively, by at least two-fold changes. MapMan bioinformatics tool was also used to produce diagrams of the potential pathways, based on the input gene expression data of highly changed genes, operating downstream of the gamma radiation perception by rice plant.Inventory of a large number of gamma radiation-responsive genes in leaves provide new information and increased knowledge on novel regulatory processes in rice.
2013-12-07 | GSE53055 | GEO
Project description:Ionizing radiations are categorized by linear energy transfer (LET) into low-LET and high-LET. High-LET is considered to have a higher relative biological effectiveness (RBE) than low-LET radiations. However, the details of the effects have not been clearly determined. The aim of this study was to characterize the difference between high-LET and low LET radiations. The global effects of the three types of high-LET radiations (fast neutron, heavy ion (C) and thermal neutron) were compared with the low-LET radiation (gamma ray) using yeast DNA microarrays. Highly induced genes by the three types of high-LET radiations were those genes related to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress was one of the common factors associated with the four types of radiations. Oxidative stress induced by high-LET radiations may be more serious than that induced by gamma rays. Additionally, genes related to protein synthesis and the ubiquitin and proteasome system were detected. This suggests that more protein damages can be induced by high-LET radiation that denatures the proteins in yeast cells. The genes specifically altered by each type of high-LET radiation were also studied. Keywords: stress response
2007-11-01 | GSE9464 | GEO
Project description:The immune system illustrates the challenges of assigning risk to low dose radiation (LDR) exposure in a population. While high radiation doses clearly suppress immune function, a number of studies have shown that LDR affects immune cell subpopulations in ways that could be beneficial. In the intact organism, defining the consequences of LDR is further complicated by the impact of genetic background, particularly in systems such as the immune system for which both radiosensitivity and genetic effects are profound. We employed a systems genetics approach to test for heritable differences in LDR responses. Mice from 39 BXD recombinant inbred (RI) strains were exposed to 10cGy gamma radiation to determine effects on immune function and oxidative stress 48h after irradiation. LDR significantly enhanced neutrophil phagocytosis in a manner that was independent of genetic background. In contrast, genetic background significantly impacted LDR-induced changes in spleen superoxide dismutase activity. Transcriptome data from spleens of the BXD parental strains highlighted the impact of genetic background on LDR responses and also indicate that genetic variation in radiosensitivity is further unmasked at low radiation doses. Taken together, these data highlight the need to consider genetic variation when assessing LDR outcomes. Adult C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mice (10 weeks old) were exposed to low dose (10cGy) or high dose (1Gy) gamma radiation. Mice were sacrificed 24h after radiation or sham exposure & spleens were harvested for transcriptomic analysis.
2011-04-01 | E-GEOD-21562 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Radiotherapy is a commonly used therapy for treating various cancer types. In addition, adipose tissues are not routinely spared during typical radiation treatments. Although radiation is known to induce metabolic effects in patients, the impact that radiation therapy has on adipose tissue has not been elucidated. Currently, there are few studies investigating the impact of radiation exposure on adipose tissue, and these have primarily involved whole-body irradiation. This study aimed to understand the acutely persistent damage that clinically relevant radiation dosing causes to adipocytes. Specifically, in vitro and in vivo, irradiated adipocytes had increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation levels and elevated lipolytic activity compared to unirradiated adipocytes. RNA sequencing also identified the upregulation of senescence and inflammation pathways. We observed an increase in macrophage and T-cell accumulation both 1 month and 6 months after radiation exposure using in vivo models. Many of the observed changes to irradiated adipose tissue, including oxidative stress, metabolic dysfunction, inflammation, and senescence, are consistent with those observed in adipose tissue from obese patients, in which obesity is a known driver of many cancers. Because adipose tissue damage is maintained chronically, protecting adipose tissue from the harmful effects of radiation exposure may improve radiation-induced toxicity and reduce cancer recurrence and progression.
2025-05-29 | GSE295098 | GEO