Best et al. 2024 - Metabolic metaorganism model of mice and their microbiota
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: 
Christoph Kaleta
PROVIDER: MODEL2310020001 | BioModels | 2024-04-17
REPOSITORIES: BioModels
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Project description:The colon contains a dense metabolically potent microbiota. The colonic O-glycan-rich mucus has been recognized as a key barrier to prevent microbial intrusion, but how this system forms and functions remains unclear. Here, we discovered that the colon mucus is mainly forged by microbiota-dependent secretion of O-glycosylated Muc2 by goblet cells in the ascending colon, where it seamlessly encapsulates the fecal materials including the microbiota. Deletion of O-glycans in the ascending colon impaired the segregating function of the mucous coating, leading to altered structure and metabolic output of the microbiota, and transcriptional homeostasis of the entire host mucosa. These findings represent a paradigm change of the prevailing model of the colon mucus system and provides new insights into host and microbiota symbiosis.
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Project description:Genome-scale metabolic model for mouse colon
tissue
This model is described in the article:
The gut microbiota modulates
host amino acid and glutathione metabolism in mice.
Mardinoglu A, Shoaie S, Bergentall
M, Ghaffari P, Zhang C, Larsson E, Bäckhed F, Nielsen
J.
Mol. Syst. Biol. 2015; 11(10):
834
Abstract:
The gut microbiota has been proposed as an environmental
factor that promotes the progression of metabolic diseases.
Here, we investigated how the gut microbiota modulates the
global metabolic differences in duodenum, jejunum, ileum,
colon, liver, and two white adipose tissue depots obtained from
conventionally raised (CONV-R) and germ-free (GF) mice using
gene expression data and tissue-specific genome-scale metabolic
models (GEMs). We created a generic mouse metabolic reaction
(MMR) GEM, reconstructed 28 tissue-specific GEMs based on
proteomics data, and manually curated GEMs for small intestine,
colon, liver, and adipose tissues. We used these functional
models to determine the global metabolic differences between
CONV-R and GF mice. Based on gene expression data, we found
that the gut microbiota affects the host amino acid (AA)
metabolism, which leads to modifications in glutathione
metabolism. To validate our predictions, we measured the level
of AAs and N-acetylated AAs in the hepatic portal vein of
CONV-R and GF mice. Finally, we simulated the metabolic
differences between the small intestine of the CONV-R and GF
mice accounting for the content of the diet and relative gene
expression differences. Our analyses revealed that the gut
microbiota influences host amino acid and glutathione
metabolism in mice.
This model is hosted on
BioModels Database
and identified by:
MODEL1509220030.
To cite BioModels Database, please use:
BioModels Database:
An enhanced, curated and annotated resource for published
quantitative kinetic models.
To the extent possible under law, all copyright and related or
neighbouring rights to this encoded model have been dedicated to
the public domain worldwide. Please refer to
CC0
Public Domain Dedication for more information.
2015-11-04 | MODEL1509220030 | BioModels
Project description:Mardinoglu2015 - Generic mouse genome-scale
metabolic network (MMR)
This model is described in the article:
The gut microbiota modulates
host amino acid and glutathione metabolism in mice.
Mardinoglu A, Shoaie S, Bergentall
M, Ghaffari P, Zhang C, Larsson E, Bäckhed F, Nielsen
J.
Mol. Syst. Biol. 2015; 11(10):
834
Abstract:
The gut microbiota has been proposed as an environmental
factor that promotes the progression of metabolic diseases.
Here, we investigated how the gut microbiota modulates the
global metabolic differences in duodenum, jejunum, ileum,
colon, liver, and two white adipose tissue depots obtained from
conventionally raised (CONV-R) and germ-free (GF) mice using
gene expression data and tissue-specific genome-scale metabolic
models (GEMs). We created a generic mouse metabolic reaction
(MMR) GEM, reconstructed 28 tissue-specific GEMs based on
proteomics data, and manually curated GEMs for small intestine,
colon, liver, and adipose tissues. We used these functional
models to determine the global metabolic differences between
CONV-R and GF mice. Based on gene expression data, we found
that the gut microbiota affects the host amino acid (AA)
metabolism, which leads to modifications in glutathione
metabolism. To validate our predictions, we measured the level
of AAs and N-acetylated AAs in the hepatic portal vein of
CONV-R and GF mice. Finally, we simulated the metabolic
differences between the small intestine of the CONV-R and GF
mice accounting for the content of the diet and relative gene
expression differences. Our analyses revealed that the gut
microbiota influences host amino acid and glutathione
metabolism in mice.
This model is hosted on
BioModels Database
and identified by:
MODEL1509220028.
To cite BioModels Database, please use:
BioModels Database:
An enhanced, curated and annotated resource for published
quantitative kinetic models.
To the extent possible under law, all copyright and related or
neighbouring rights to this encoded model have been dedicated to
the public domain worldwide. Please refer to
CC0
Public Domain Dedication for more information.
2015-11-04 | MODEL1509220028 | BioModels
Project description:Mardinoglu2015 - Tissue-specific genome-scale
metabolic network - Colon
This model is described in the article:
The gut microbiota modulates
host amino acid and glutathione metabolism in mice.
Mardinoglu A, Shoaie S, Bergentall
M, Ghaffari P, Zhang C, Larsson E, Bäckhed F, Nielsen
J.
Mol. Syst. Biol. 2015; 11(10):
834
Abstract:
The gut microbiota has been proposed as an environmental
factor that promotes the progression of metabolic diseases.
Here, we investigated how the gut microbiota modulates the
global metabolic differences in duodenum, jejunum, ileum,
colon, liver, and two white adipose tissue depots obtained from
conventionally raised (CONV-R) and germ-free (GF) mice using
gene expression data and tissue-specific genome-scale metabolic
models (GEMs). We created a generic mouse metabolic reaction
(MMR) GEM, reconstructed 28 tissue-specific GEMs based on
proteomics data, and manually curated GEMs for small intestine,
colon, liver, and adipose tissues. We used these functional
models to determine the global metabolic differences between
CONV-R and GF mice. Based on gene expression data, we found
that the gut microbiota affects the host amino acid (AA)
metabolism, which leads to modifications in glutathione
metabolism. To validate our predictions, we measured the level
of AAs and N-acetylated AAs in the hepatic portal vein of
CONV-R and GF mice. Finally, we simulated the metabolic
differences between the small intestine of the CONV-R and GF
mice accounting for the content of the diet and relative gene
expression differences. Our analyses revealed that the gut
microbiota influences host amino acid and glutathione
metabolism in mice.
This model is hosted on
BioModels Database
and identified by:
MODEL1509220003.
To cite BioModels Database, please use:
BioModels Database:
An enhanced, curated and annotated resource for published
quantitative kinetic models.
To the extent possible under law, all copyright and related or
neighbouring rights to this encoded model have been dedicated to
the public domain worldwide. Please refer to
CC0
Public Domain Dedication for more information.
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Project description:Neural control of visceral organ function is essential for homeostasis and health. Intestinal peristalsis is critical for digestive physiology and host defence and is often dysregulated in gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. Luminal factors, such as diet and microbiota regulate neurogenic programs of gut motility, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here we show that the transcription factor Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) functions as a biosensor in intestinal neural circuits linking their functional output to the microbial environment of the gut lumen. Using nuclear RNA sequencing of mouse enteric neurons representing distinct intestinal segments and microbiota states, we demonstrate that the intrinsic neural networks of the colon exhibit unique transcriptional profiles controlled by the combined effects of host genetic programmes and microbial colonisation. Microbiota-induced expression of AhR in neurons of the distal gastrointestinal tract enables them to respond to the luminal environment and induce expression of neuron-specific effector mechanisms. Neuron-specific deletion of Ahr or constitutive overexpression of its negative feedback regulator CYP1A1, results in reduced peristaltic activity of the colon, similar to that observed in microbiota-depleted mice. Finally, expression of Ahr in enteric neurons of antibiotic-treated mice partially restores intestinal motility. Taken together, our experiments identify AhR signalling in enteric neurons as a regulatory node that integrates the luminal environment with the physiological output of intestinal neural circuits towards gut homeostasis and health. The enteric nervous system (ENS) encompasses the intrinsic neural networks of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which regulate most aspects of intestinal physiology, including peristalsis. In addition to host-specific genetic programmes, microbiota and diet have emerged as critical regulators of gut tissue physiology and changes in the microbial composition of the lumen often accompany GI disorders. However the molecular mechanisms by which gut enviromental factors regulate ENS homeostasis remain unknown. In order to address this issue, we used RNA sequencing to identify genes specifically upregulated in mouse colonic neurons in response to microbial colonisation.
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