Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Gene expression profiles of thymic neuroendocrine tumors (carcinoids) with ectopic ACTH syndrome

ABSTRACT: Although there has been increased knowledge about the molecular biology of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), little is known about thymic carcinoids and even less about those with excessive hormone disorders, such as ectopic ACTH syndrome. This study was designed to gain insights into molecular networks underlying the tumorigenesis of thymic carcinoids with ACTH secretion. By an approach integrating cDNA microarray and methods of computational biology, we compare gene expression profile between ACTH-producing thymic carcinoids and normal thymus. Totally there are 63 biological categories increased and 108 decreased in thymic carcinoids. Cell proliferation was stimulated which may explain the relatively uncontrolled cell growth of the tumor. Dysregulation of Notch signaling pathway was likely underlying the neuroendocrine features of this type of tumors. Moreover, the inhibition of the immunity and the increased neuropeptide signaling molecules, POMC and its sorting molecule CPE, made the clinical manifestation reasonable and thus validated the array data. In conclusion, thymic carcinoids have distinguished gene expression pattern from the normal thymus and they are characterized by deregulations of a series of biofunctions, which may be involved in the development of neuroendocrine tumor. This study hence has provided not only a detailed comprehension of the molecular pathogenesis of thymic carcinoid with ectopic ACTH syndrome, but also a road map to approach thymic neuroendocrine tumors at the system level. Transcriptome profilings were performed to identify differentially expressed cDNAs between five samples (NCs) from thymic tumor-suffering patients with ectopic ACTH syndrome (i.e., NC1, NC2, NC3, NC4, NC5, NC6) and six samples (ACs) of the noncancerous thymuses (i.e., AC1, AC2, AC3, AC4, AC5).

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

SUBMITTER: Guang Ning

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-17619 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Publications

Gene expression profiles of thymic neuroendocrine tumors (carcinoids) with ectopic ACTH syndrome reveal novel molecular mechanism.

Bi Yu-fang YF Liu Rui-xin RX Ye Lei L Fang Hai H Li Xiao-ying XY Wang Wei-qing WQ Zhang Ji J Wang Kan-Kan KK Jiang Lei L Su Ting-wei TW Chen Zhong-yuan ZY Ning Guang G

Endocrine-related cancer 20090722 4

Although there has been increased knowledge about the molecular biology of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), little is known about thymic carcinoids and even less about those with excessive hormone disorders, such as ectopic ACTH syndrome. This study was designed to gain insights into the molecular networks underlying the tumorigenesis of thymic carcinoids with ACTH secretion. By an approach integrating cDNA microarray and methods of computational biology, we compare gene expression profile between ...[more]

PMID: 19625467

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Project description:The mechanism of egress of mature regulatory T cells (Tregs) from the thymus to the periphery remains enigmatic, as does the nature of those factors expressed in the thymic environment. Here, we examined the fate of thymic Tregs in TNFÎ±/RelA double-knockout (TA-KO) mice, because TA-KO mice retain a Treg population in the thymus but have only a small Treg population at the periphery. Transplantation of whole TA-KO thymus to under the kidney capsule of Rag1 null mice failed to induce the production of donor-derived splenic Tregs expressing neuropilin-1 (Nrp1), which was reported to be a marker of naturally occurring Tregs, indicating that TA-KO thymic Tregs either do not leave the thymus or are lost at the periphery. We next transplanted enriched TA-KO thymic Tregs to the peripheries of TA-KO mice and traced mouse survival. Transplantation of TA-KO thymic Tregs rescued the lethality in TA-KO mice, demonstrating that TA-KO thymic Tregs remain functional at the periphery. The TA-KO thymic Treg population had highly demethylated CpG motifs in the foxp3 locus, indicating that the cells were arrested at a late-mature stage. Also, the population included a large subpopulation of Tregs expressing IL-7RÎ±, which is a possible marker of late-mature Tregs. Finally, TA-KO fetal liver chimeric mice developed an Nrp1+ splenic Treg population from TA-KO cells, suggesting that Treg arrest is caused by a lack of RelA in the thymic environment. Together, these results suggest that egress of mature Tregs from the thymus depends on RelA in the thymic environment. For the isolation of thymic Tregs, CD4+CD8Î±-CD25hi thymocytes were isolated from five 1.5- to 2-week-old TNFÎ±-KO or TA-KO mice by using a FACSAria cell sorter. For the isolation of thymic stromal cells, 10 thymi from 1.5- to 2-week-old TNFÎ±-KO or TA-KO mice were minced with scissors and treated with RPMI 1640 supplemented with 2% FCS, 0.2 mg/ml collagenase (Roche, Basel, Switzerland), 0.2 mg/ml dispase I (Roche), and 100 U/ml DNase I (Life Technologies) for 30 min with stirring. Digested thymi were centrifuged in a Percoll (GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences, Piscataway, NJ, USA) gradient (density, 1.115, 1.065, and PBS) at 1400g for 30 min. Cells in the upper layer were collected, and the CD45-EpCAM+ (thymic epithelial cells) and CD45+EpCAM- populations (enriched thymic stromal cells containing macrophages or dendritic cells) were sorted.

Dataset Information

Gene expression profiles of thymic neuroendocrine tumors (carcinoids) with ectopic ACTH syndrome

Publications

Gene expression profiles of thymic neuroendocrine tumors (carcinoids) with ectopic ACTH syndrome reveal novel molecular mechanism.

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