Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Melospiza melodia hypothalamus: control and STI in two seasons (spring and autumn)

ABSTRACT: Male song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) are territorial year-round; however, neuroendocrine responses to simulated territorial intrusion (STI) differ between breeding (spring) and non-breeding seasons (autumn). In spring, exposure to STI leads to increases in luteinizing hormone and testosterone, but not in autumn. These observations suggest that there are fundamental differences in the mechanisms driving neuroendocrine responses to STI between seasons. Microarrays, spotted with EST cDNA clones of zebra finch, were used to explore gene expression profiles in the hypothalamus after territorial aggression in two different seasons. Free-living territorial male song sparrows were exposed to either conspecific or heterospecific (control) males in an STI in spring and autumn. Behavioral data were recorded, whole hypothalami were collected, and microarray hybridizations were performed. Quantitative PCR was performed for validation. Our results show 262 cDNAs were differentially expressed between spring and autumn in the control birds. There were 173 cDNAs significantly affected by STI in autumn; however, only 67 were significantly affected by STI in spring. There were 88 cDNAs that showed significant interactions in both season and STI. Results suggest that STI drives differential genomic responses in the hypothalamus in the spring vs. autumn. The number of cDNAs differentially expressed in relation to season was greater than in relation to social interactions, suggesting major underlying seasonal effects in the hypothalamus which may determine the differential response upon social interaction. Functional pathway analyses implicated genes that regulate thyroid hormone action and neuroplasticity as targets of this neuroendocrine regulation. For condition experiment, SC (spring control), AC (autumn control), SE (spring STI), AE (autumn STI) Biological replicates: 7 in SC, 8 in AC, SE, AE. One Melospiza melodia subject and one universal SoNG reference (pooled Taeniopygia guttata brain) per array.

ORGANISM(S): Taeniopygia guttata

SUBMITTER: Gang Wang

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-18970 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Songbirds provide rich natural models for studying the relationships of brain anatomy, behavioral function, environmental signals and gene expression. Under the Songbird Neurogenomics Initiative, investigators from more than a dozen laboratories collected brain samples from six species of songbird under a range of experimental conditions, and 488 of these samples were analyzed systematically for gene expression by microarray. ANOVA was used to test 32 planned contrasts in the data, revealing the relative impact of different factors. The brain region from which tissue was taken had the greatest influence on gene expression profile, affecting the majority of signals measured by the 18,848 non-redundant cDNAs spotted on the microarray. Social and environmental manipulations had highly variable impact, ranging from nil in some cases to robust in others. Several specific genes were identified as points of interest in the evolution of mechanisms by which environmental signals influence behavior. The data were also analyzed using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) followed by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. This revealed modules of co-regulated genes that are also enriched for specific functional annotations such as M-bM-^@M-^\ribosomeM-bM-^@M-^] (expressed more highly in juvenile brain) and M-bM-^@M-^\dopamine metabolic processM-bM-^@M-^] (expressed more highly in striatal song control nucleus Area X). These results underscore the complexity of influences on neural gene expression and provide a resource for studying how these influences are integrated during natural experience. RNA samples were collected from six different songbird species (phylogeny in SI Appendix, Figure S1) and representing 80 different M-bM-^@M-^\treatmentsM-bM-^@M-^], i.e., combinations of species, brain region, sex, age, and behavioral state. The tissue samples were organized around 15 standalone experiments (Table 1 and SI Appendix, Table S1), contributed by investigators in a dozen different laboratories but analyzed under uniform conditions in a single laboratory as originally planned under the Songbird Neurogenomics Initiative. Each sample was hybridized to a zebra finch cDNA array along with a universal reference (a pool of zebra finch telencephalic RNA). e14: Hypothalamus from adult male Song sparrows 30 minutes after Simulated Territorial Intrusion (STI) or control, in spring and fall, 8 biological replicates per group (only 7 biological replicates in Spring Control group). All samples were hybridized against the SoNG universal RNA reference pool.

Project description:Songbirds provide rich natural models for studying the relationships of brain anatomy, behavioral function, environmental signals and gene expression. Under the Songbird Neurogenomics Initiative, investigators from more than a dozen laboratories collected brain samples from six species of songbird under a range of experimental conditions, and 488 of these samples were analyzed systematically for gene expression by microarray. ANOVA was used to test 32 planned contrasts in the data, revealing the relative impact of different factors. The brain region from which tissue was taken had the greatest influence on gene expression profile, affecting the majority of signals measured by the 18,848 non-redundant cDNAs spotted on the microarray. Social and environmental manipulations had highly variable impact, ranging from nil in some cases to robust in others. Several specific genes were identified as points of interest in the evolution of mechanisms by which environmental signals influence behavior. The data were also analyzed using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) followed by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. This revealed modules of co-regulated genes that are also enriched for specific functional annotations such as M-bM-^@M-^\ribosomeM-bM-^@M-^] (expressed more highly in juvenile brain) and M-bM-^@M-^\dopamine metabolic processM-bM-^@M-^] (expressed more highly in striatal song control nucleus Area X). These results underscore the complexity of influences on neural gene expression and provide a resource for studying how these influences are integrated during natural experience. RNA samples were collected from six different songbird species (phylogeny in SI Appendix, Figure S1) and representing 80 different M-bM-^@M-^\treatmentsM-bM-^@M-^], i.e., combinations of species, brain region, sex, age, and behavioral state. The tissue samples were organized around 15 standalone experiments (Table 1 and SI Appendix, Table S1), contributed by investigators in a dozen different laboratories but analyzed under uniform conditions in a single laboratory as originally planned under the Songbird Neurogenomics Initiative. Each sample was hybridized to a zebra finch cDNA array along with a universal reference (a pool of zebra finch telencephalic RNA). e04: Whole telencephalon of p1, p25, p45 and adult zebra finches, both males and females, 6 biological replicates per group. All samples were hybridized against the SoNG universal reference RNA pool.

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Melospiza melodia hypothalamus: control and STI in two seasons (spring and autumn)

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