Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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MicroRNA expression in rat lung receiving chemopreventive agents and attenuation of cigarette smoke-induced alterations

ABSTRACT: We previously showed that exposure of rats to environmental cigarette smoke (ECS) causes extensive downregulation of microRNA expression in the lung, resulting in overexpression of multiple genes and proteins. In the present study, we evaluated by microarray the expression of 484 microRNAs in the lung of rats receiving orally chemopreventive agents, including N-acetylcysteine, oltipraz, indole-3-carbinol, 5,6-benzoflavone and phenethyl isothiocyanate, or combinations thereof. Scatterplot, hierarchical cluster, and principal component analyses showed that none of the above chemopreventive regimens appreciably affected the baseline microRNA expression, while all of them attenuated ECS-induced alterations but to a variable extent. Thus, mirnome analysis provides a new tool for predicting both safety and efficacy of cancer chemopreventive agents at early carcinogenesis stages. Keywords: cancer chemoprevention, microRNA, environmental cigarete smoke (ECS), 5,6-benzoflavone (BF), Indole 3-carbinol (I3C),N-acetylcysteine (NAC), oltipraz (OPZ), Phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC). Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (Harlan Italy, Correzzana, Milan, Italy), weighing 315-320 g, were divided into 16 groups, each composed of 8 animals. Half of them were exposed to ECS for 28 consecutive days, as previously described (Izzotti et al., 2005), while the remaining rats (Sham-exposed) were kept for the same period of time in filtered air. The rats belonging to 14 groups were treated with chemopreventive agents, starting 3 days before exposure to ECS.

ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus

SUBMITTER: George Calin

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-19540 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Chemoprevention of cigarette smoke-induced alterations of MicroRNA expression in rat lungs.

Izzotti Alberto A Calin George A GA Steele Vernon E VE Cartiglia Cristina C Longobardi Mariagrazia M Croce Carlo M CM De Flora Silvio S

Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) 20100101 1

We previously showed that exposure to environmental cigarette smoke (ECS) for 28 days causes extensive downregulation of microRNA expression in the lungs of rats, resulting in the overexpression of multiple genes and proteins. In the present study, we evaluated by microarray the expression of 484 microRNAs in the lungs of either ECS-free or ECS-exposed rats treated with the orally administered chemopreventive agents N-acetylcysteine, oltipraz, indole-3-carbinol, 5,6-benzoflavone, and phenethyl i ...[more]

PMID: 20051373

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Project description:Purpose: Chronic pulmonary inflammation in the form of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been consistently shown to increase the risk of lung cancer. Therefore, identification of chemopreventive agents with anti-inflammatory effects, in addition to antiproliferative and apoptotic activities, is indispensable. Recently, we found that combinations of silibinin (Sil) and indole-3-carbinol (I3C) significantly inhibited lung tumorigenesis induced by 4-(methylnitro-samino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and enhanced by chronic treatment with the inflammatory agent lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In this study, we described gene expression profiling of lung tissues using RNA-seq to determine the gene expression signature in inflammation-driven lung tumors and modulation of this signature by the chemopreventive agents Sil and I3C. Methods: Total RNA extracted from lung tissues of control and treated mice were processed for mRNA sequencing, in triplicate, using Illumina HiSeq 2000. The sequence reads that passed quality filters were analyzed for transcript abundance at the gene level using CLC Bio Genomics Workbench and differential gene expression analysis was performed using the built-in Empirical Analysis of Differential Gene Expression (DGE) based on 'Exact Test' method. qRTâPCR validation was performed using SYBR Green assays. Results and conclusions: We found that 330, 2,957, and 1,143 genes were differentially regulated in mice treated with NNK, LPS, and NNK + LPS, respectively. The expression of inflammation-and immunity-related genes was significantly more deregulated in lung tissues of mice treated with LPS alone compared to mice treated with NNK + LPS. Among 1,143 genes differentially regulated in the NNK + LPS group, the expression of 162 genes and associated signaling pathways were significantly modulated by I3C and/or Sil + I3C. These genes include cytokines, chemokines, and genes with a well-established role in inflammation and/or tumorigenesis such as c-ros oncogene 1 (Ros1), the EGFR ligands amphiregulin and epiregulin, Cyp1a1, and the circadian rhythm genes Arntl, and Npas2. To our knowledge, this is the first report that provides insight into genes that are differentially expressed during inflammation-driven lung tumorigenesis and the modulation of these genes by chemopreventive agents. Lung tissue mRNA profiles of mice treated with control vehicle, NNK, LPS, NNK+LPS, or NNK+LPS supplemented with chemopreventive agent(s) were generated by deep sequencing, in triplicate, using Illumina HiSeq 2000.

Dataset Information

MicroRNA expression in rat lung receiving chemopreventive agents and attenuation of cigarette smoke-induced alterations

Publications

Chemoprevention of cigarette smoke-induced alterations of MicroRNA expression in rat lungs.

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