Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Effect of Maternal Separation on DOI-induced transcriptome

ABSTRACT: Depression is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by a wide range of symptoms, including but not restricted to increased anxiety-like behavior, altered stress responsivity, increased depressive like behavior, decreased pleasure seeking, and altered susceptibility to drugs of abuse. Adding another level of complexity to the disease is the fact that individuals differ in their susceptibility to depression. Research done over the past decade has highlighted the contribution of early life adverse experience to this individual differences in vulnerability to depression. Such studies have been done at the clinical as well as the preclinical level, where rodent and primate models of adverse postnatal environment such as Maternal Separation (MS) are used. MS involves separation of the pup from the dam for 3h every day for the first two weeks of postnatal life. The MS model has been characterized to produce long lasting anxiety-like behavior, depressive behavior and altered stress responsivity in adulthood. While several molecular mechanisms have been hypothesized to mediate the long lasting effects of MS, the serotonin 2a receptor is an attractive candidate, given its role in regulating anxiety-like behavior. So we set out to ask if Maternal Separation alters the 5HT2a responses. In order to assay if MS alters the transcriptional targets of the 5Ht2a receptor, we use a drug that stimulates the 5Ht2a receptor, DOI. The experiment involves injecting both control and MS animals with DOI and looking at the transcriptome induced by DOI under control and MS conditions. This would help understand how the adverse early life experience MS, alters the transcriptional response of an adult rat to stimulation at the 5HT2a receptor, which is physiologically seen in conditions of stress. Maternal Separation (MS) was carried out according to standard protocol. Briefly, upon birth the litters were assigned to either the control or the maternal separation group. Pups from the maternal separation litters were separated from their mother every day for a period of 3 hours from postnatal day 2 (p2) to postnatal day 14 (p14) while the control litters were left undisturbed. After p14, the maternally separated pups were left undisturbed and all litters were weaned at postnatal day 30. Experiments on adult control and MS rats were performed at postnatal day 60. We wanted to ask if a history of adverse experience in early life like MS would alter the transcriptional response of the adult rat to the 5Ht2a agonist DOI. In order to measure the transcriptional changes induced by DOI in control and maternally separated animals, 15 rats (7 - Control and 8 - Maternally Separated) were injected i.p. with either saline or 8 mg/kg DOI. The groups included Control (Control rats injected with saline; n=3), DOI (control rats injected with 8 mg/kg DOI; n=4), MS (MS rats injected with saline, n=4) and MS+ DOI (MS rats injected with 8 mg/kg DOI, n=4). Rats were sacrificed 2 hours after the injection by decapitation. The prefrontal cortex was quickly dissected out and stored at -70 till further use. Total RNA from each rat was extracted, labeled with Cy3 and hybridized onto Agilent Custom Rat Array 8X15K (AMADID: G2509F_16352). Each biological replicate was hybridized onto one array making the total number of arrays 15.

ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus

SUBMITTER: Madhurima Benekareddy

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-23728 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Establishment of pregnancy in ruminants requires blastocyst growth to form an elongated conceptus that produces interferon tau, the pregnancy recognition signal, and initiates implantation. Blastocyst growth and development requires secretions from the uterine endometrium. An early increase in circulating concentrations of progesterone (P4) stimulates blastocyst growth and elongation in ruminants. This study utilized sheep as a model to identify candidate genes and regulatory networks in the endometrium that govern pre-implantation blastocyst growth and development. Ewes were treated daily with either P4 or corn oil (CO) vehicle from day 1.5 after mating to either day 9 or day 12 of pregnancy when endometrium was obtained by hysterectomy. Microarray analyses revealed many differentially expressed genes in the endometria affected by day of pregnancy and early P4 treatment. In situ hybridization analyses revealed that many of the differentially expressed genes were expressed in a cell-specific manner within the endometrium. The Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) was used to identify functional groups of genes and biological processes in the endometrium that are associated with growth and development of pre-implantation blastocysts. Notably, biological processes affected by day of pregnancy and/or early P4 treatment included lipid biosynthesis and metabolism, angiogenesis, transport, extracellular space, defense and inflammatory response, proteolysis, amino acid transport and metabolism, and hormone metabolism. This transcriptomic data provides novel insights into the biology of endometrial function and pre-implantation blastocyst growth and development in sheep. Ewes were mated at estrus to intact Suffolk rams and then assigned randomly to receive daily intramuscular (i.m.) injections from days 1.5 to 9 of either corn oil vehicle (CO) or 25 mg progesterone (P4) (Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, MO) in CO vehicle, and hysterectomized on either day 9 or day 12 of pregnancy (n=5 per day and treatment). Microarray hybridization was conducted with a bovine whole genome spotted oligonucleotide array. This 24,000-element array was developed by the Bovine Oligo Microarray Consortium at the University of Missouri in collaboration with Texas A&M University and Iowa State University. The array includes 16,846 probes designed from expressed sequence tags (ESTs) that were aligned to homologous vertebrate proteins and to the 6X bovine genome assembly. The probe set was supplemented with oligos designed from 703 predicted RefSeq genes, and 5943 reproductive tissue ESTs. A link to probe sequences and annotations is available at http://www.bovineoligo.org. The annotation included assigning a human gene symbol based on homology using BLAST. The oligos were synthesized by Illumina and spotted onto aminosilane-coated glass slides by Dr. David Galbraith's laboratory at the University of Arizona (http://www.ag.arizona.edu/microarray/BOM.html). Hybridizations were performed with the Genisphere Array 350 kit (Genisphere Inc., Hatfield, PA) using dual channel design with dye-swapping. Preparation of cDNA was performed according to the manufacturer's instructions. Briefly, endometrial total RNA (9 Âµg) from each ewe (n=5 per day and treatment) was reverse-transcribed with Superscript II (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) with the Genisphere oligo d(T) primer containing a capture sequence for the Cy3 or Cy5 labeling reagents. Each cDNA sample containing the capture sequence for the Cy3 or Cy5 label was co-hybridized with a cDNA sample from the opposite treatment for direct comparison of differences between treatments.

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Effect of Maternal Separation on DOI-induced transcriptome

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