Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Effects of resistance exercise and resistance training on the skeletal muscle transcriptome in young and old adults

ABSTRACT: Global microarray (HG U133 Plus 2.0) was used to investigate the effects of resistance exercise and resistance training on the skeletal muscle transcriptome profile of 28 young and old adults. Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were obtained pre and 4hrs post resistance exercise in the beginning (untrained state) and at the end (trained state) of a 12 wk progressive resistance training program. A total of 28 subjects were included in this investigation. The young (n=16, 24±1y) participants included 8 males and 8 females. The old (n=12, 84±1y) participants included 6 males and 6 females. All subjects participated in 12 wks of progressive resistance training consisting of bilateral knee extensions with 3x10 reps at 70% of 1-RM, and 3d/wk for a total of 36 training sessions. Vastus lateralis biopsies were obtained in conjunction with the 1st and 36th (last) training session and included a basal biopsy and another biopsy 4hrs post the resistance exercise session (for a total of 4 biopsies per subject). The RNA integrity for all samples was very good with an average RIN number of 7.6. All 110 samples were analyzed on a separate microarray chip, and samples were not pooled between subjects. The study design allowed us to examine the acute effects of resistance exercise on the skeletal muscle transcriptome in the untrained and trained state. The design also provided information on the effects of resistance training on basal level gene expression and the effects of age on basal level gene expression

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

SUBMITTER: Shawn Estrem

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-28422 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:The study has been described in the following paper: Gianni Parise, Stuart M. Phillips, Jan J. Kaczor and Mark A. Tarnopolsky (2005). Antioxidant enzyme activity is up-regulated after unilateral resistance exercise training in older adults. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Volume 39, Issue 2, 15 July 2005, Pages 289-295 We cite the following three paragraphs from this paper: "MATERIALS AND METHODS Subjects Twelve men (71.2 ± 6.5 y) volunteered to participate in a 12 week uni-lateral leg resistance training program (Table 1). All subjects underwent a thorough screening process before being admitted into the study. Subjects were first screened by telephone, and were then subject to a medical evaluation. Consent from their family physician was required, and then all potential subjects underwent a resting electrocardiogram, and a sub-maximal graded exercise test on a bicycle ergometer witih a 12-lead ECG. Exclusion criteria included: evidence of coronary hear disease; congestive heart failure; uncontrolled hypertension; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; diabetes mellitus; renal failure; major orthopaedic disability; and smoking. None of the subjects had ever participated in a structured exercise program. After subjects were advised of the benefits and risks of participation, subjects gave their written informed consent. The study was approved by the McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences Research Ethics Board and conferred to the principles of the declaration of Helsinki. Exercise Training Resistance training was performed three times weekly on non-consecutive days (Monday, Wednesday, and Friday) for 12 weeks, under strict supervision. Prior to and after each training session subjects were required to perform passive stretching. Resistance exercise for each session consisted of 3 sets of 10 repetitions for each of leg press and leg extension. Training progressed from one set of each exercise at 50% of the initial 1 repetition maximum (1RM) to 3 sets at 80% of 1RM over the training period. Training logs were kept to record the volume and intensity of each session. The 1RM was re-evaluated every 2 weeks, and the training load was adjusted accordingly. All exercises were performed on universal strength training equipment (Universal Gym Equipment, Inc., Cedar Rapids, Iowa). Muscle Biopsy A muscle biopsy was taken from the vastus lateralis muscle of both legs before as well as after the training period, 20 cm proximal to the knee joint using a modified Bergström needle (5 mm diameter) with suction modification. The biopsy specimen was dissected of fat and connective tissue and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. All samples were stored at -80 °C for subsequent analysis. All subjects were required to abstain from strenuous physical activity for 48 hours prior to the testing session. The non-trained leg performed an acute bout of exercise at the same relative intensity of the training leg to allow for the determination of the effect of training and the effect of acute resistance exercise." Additional Notes: 1) The samples of 8 out 12 were used in the gene expression study. 2) The 2 factors in this study are: 2.1) Leg - Left or Right 2.2) Training - Baseline: samples taken on each leg before exercise - Resistance Training: one of the legs was subject to resistance training followed by acute exercise - Acute Exercise: the other leg had only the acute exercise 3) The baseline samples will be used for right versus left leg comparison to see variance between legs for human experimentation technical issues. The samples from Resistance or Acute Exercise will be compared to corresponding baseline samples to evaluate the effect of both exercise programs on gene expression.

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Effects of resistance exercise and resistance training on the skeletal muscle transcriptome in young and old adults

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