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Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Death Receptors DR6 and TROY Regulate Brain Vascular Development

ABSTRACT: Signaling events that regulate central nervous system (CNS) angiogenesis and blood-brain barrier (BBB) formation are only beginning to be elucidated. By evaluating the gene expression profile of mouse vasculature, we identified DR6/TNFRSF21 and TROY/TNFRSF19 as regulators of CNS-specific angiogenesis in both zebrafish and mice. Furthermore, these two death receptors interact both genetically and physically and are required for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-mediated JNK activation and subsequent human brain endothelial sprouting in vitro. Increasing beta-catenin levels in brain endothelium upregulate DR6 and TROY, indicating that these death receptors are downstream target genes of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, which has been shown to be required for BBB development. These findings define a role for death receptors DR6 and TROY in CNS-specific vascular development. 5 replicates of 3 time points for either brain or liver/lung facs sorted vascaulture. One adult liver/lung replicate was not used as it failed QC

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Josh Kaminker

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-35802 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Death Receptors DR6 and TROY Regulate Brain Vascular Development

Project description:Signaling events that regulate central nervous system (CNS) angiogenesis and blood-brain barrier (BBB) formation are only beginning to be elucidated. By evaluating the gene expression profile of mouse vasculature, we identified DR6/TNFRSF21 and TROY/TNFRSF19 as regulators of CNS-specific angiogenesis in both zebrafish and mice. Furthermore, these two death receptors interact both genetically and physically and are required for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-mediated JNK activation and subsequent human brain endothelial sprouting in vitro. Increasing beta-catenin levels in brain endothelium upregulate DR6 and TROY, indicating that these death receptors are downstream target genes of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, which has been shown to be required for BBB development. These findings define a role for death receptors DR6 and TROY in CNS-specific vascular development.

2012-02-15 | GSE35802 | GEO

The transcriptional response to Norrin/Fz4 signaling

Project description:Using mice with targeted gene mutations, we identify (1) distinct roles for different canonical Wnt signaling components in central nervous system (CNS) vascular development and in the specification of the blood-brain and blood-retina barriers (BBB and BRB) and (2) differential sensitivities of the vasculature in various CNS regions to perturbations in canonical Wnt signaling components. We find nearly equivalent roles for Lrp5 and Lrp6 in brain vascular development and barrier maintenance but a dominant role for Lrp5 in the retinal vasculature, an especially high sensitivity of the BBB in the cerebellum and pons/interpeduncular nuclei to decrements in canonical Wnt signaling, and plasticity in the barrier properties of mature CNS vasculature. Brain and retinal vascular defects caused by loss of Norrin/Frizzled4 signaling can be fully rescued by stabilizing beta-catenin, and loss of beta-catenin’s transcriptional activation domain or expression of a dominant negative Tcf4 recapitulates the vascular development and barrier defects seen with loss of receptor, co-receptor, or ligand, indicating that Norrin/Frizzled4 signaling acts predominantly by beta-catenin-dependent transcriptional regulation. This work strongly supports a model in which identical or nearly identical canonical Wnt signaling mechanisms mediate neural tube and retinal vascularization and maintain the BBB and BRB. Total retina RNA from P10 WT, NdpKO, Ctnnb1flex3/+;Pdgfb-CreER, and NdpKO;Ctnnb1flex3/+;Pdgfb-CreER mice was subjected to RNAseq

2014-06-05 | E-GEOD-56461 | biostudies-arrayexpress

ADAMTSL2, a missing link in Wnt/ß-catenin regulated CNS vascular development

Project description:Context dependent molecular cues shape the formation of the cerebral vascular network and the function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The Wnt/ß-catenin pathway is orchestrating CNS vascular development, but downstream mediators have not been characterized. Here we generated an endothelial cell-specific R26-Axin1 overexpression (AOE) mouse model to inhibit Wnt/ß-catenin signaling. In AOE mice we discovered that blockade of Wnt/ß-catenin pathway leads to premature regression and remodeling without compromising BBB integrity. Importantly, by comparing transcriptomes of endothelial cells from wildtype and AOE mice, we identified ADAMTSL2 as a novel Wnt/ß-catenin-induced, secreted factor, important for stabilizing the BBB during development. Zebrafish loss-of-function and gain-of-function models, further demonstrated that ADAMTSL2 is crucial for normal vascular development and could rescue vascular phenotypes in AOE zebrafish brains. In conclusion, the studies presented here reveal a hitherto unrecognized role of ADAMTSL2 as an endothelial cell-specific mediator of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling during CNS vascular development and BBB-formation.

2019-02-22 | GSE66848 | GEO

The transcriptional response to Norrin/Fz4 signaling

2014-06-05 | GSE56461 | GEO

GPR124 regulates murine CNS angiogenesis and blood-brain barrier formation by an intracellular domain-independent mechanism

Project description:The GPR124/RECK/WNT7 pathway essentially regulates central nervous system angiogenesis and blood-brain barrier (BBB) function. GPR124, a brain endothelial adhesion 7-pass transmembrane protein, associates with membrane RECK, which binds and stabilizes newly synthesized WNT7 for subsequent transfer to Frizzled (FZD) and canonical b-catenin signaling. GPR124 function remains enigmatic; while its extracellular domain (ECD) is required, the poorly conserved intracellular domain (ICD) appears to be variably required in mammals versus zebrafish, potentially mediated by bridging of the GPR124 and FZD ICDs by intracellular adaptor proteins. GPR124 ICD deletion mutants impair zebrafish angiogenesis, but paradoxically still mediate WNT7 signaling upon mammalian cell transfection. We thus further investigated the GPR124 C-terminal ICD by deletion in mice (Gpr124ΔC). Notably, Gpr124ΔC/ΔC mice could be born and did not recapitulate Gpr124-/- embryonic lethal forebrain hemorrhage. GPR124ΔC protein was inefficiently expressed, resulting in mild, hypomorphic, non-hemorrhagic defects in CNS angiogenesis and BBB function, sparing the cortex and only confined to ganglionic eminences. Impaired surface expression of GPR124ΔC directly correlated with reduced endothelial WNT signaling, arguing against an intrinsic signaling deficiency. Further, GPR124ΔC and recombinant GPR124 ECD both rescued WNT7 signaling following brain endothelial Gpr124 knockdown. Thus, in mice, the GPR124 essential regulation of WNT7-dependent CNS forebrain angiogenesis and BBB function is exerted by ICD-independent functionality, extending the range of signaling mechanisms used by adhesion 7-pass transmembrane receptors.

2024-04-19 | GSE225367 | GEO

Gpr124 is essential for blood-brain barrier integrity in central nervous system disease

Project description:Although blood-brain barrier (BBB) compromise is central to the etiology of diverse central nervous system (CNS) disorders, endothelial receptor proteins that control BBB function are poorly defined. The endothelial G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) Gpr124 has been reported to be required for normal forebrain angiogenesis and BBB function in mouse embryos, but the role of this receptor in adults is unknown. Here, conditional Gpr124 knockout (CKO) in the endothelia of adult mice did not affect homeostatic BBB integrity but resulted in BBB disruption and microvascular hemorrhage in mouse models of ischemic stroke and glioblastoma, accompanied by reduced cerebrovascular canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. Constitutive activation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling fully corrected the BBB disruption and hemorrhage defects of Gpr124 cko mice, with rescue of the endothelial tight junction, pericyte coverage and extracellular-matrix deficits. We thus identify Gpr124 as an endothelial GPCR specifically required for endothelial Wnt signaling and BBB integrity under pathological conditions in adult mice. This finding implicates Gpr124 as a potential therapeutic target for human CNS disorders characterized by BBB disruption.

2017-03-06 | GSE74052 | GEO

The Wnt/ß-catenin axis modulates early BBB development by fine-tuning TGFß signalling through ADAMTSL2

Project description:The Wnt/ß-catenin pathway is orchestrating the development of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), but its downstream mediators have remained elusive. To identify potential effectors, we generated an endothelial cell specific Axin1 over-expressing mouse model, AOEiEC. We found that in AOEiE mice Wnt/ß-catenin signalling was down regulated leading to premature regression and remodelling without directly compromising BBB integrity. Interestingly, by comparing transcriptomes of endothelial cells from control and AOEiEC mice, we identified Adamtsl2 as a novel Wnt/ß-catenin-induced, secreted factor, important for stabilizing the cerebral vasculature during development. Importantly, loss-of-function and gain-of-function experiments revealed that Adamtsl2 alone was sufficient to rescue CNS vascular defects seen upon Wnt-signalling inhibition. Furthermore, using various cell and animal models we demonstrate that Adamtsl2 exerts its function by fine-tuning the TGFβ signalling pathway in CNS vessels. In conclusion, this study implicates Adamtsl2 as a mediator of Wnt/ß-catenin signalling during BBB development by linking it to TGFβ signalling.

2019-01-31 | GSE77874 | GEO

A genome-wide view of the de-differentiation of central nervous system endothelial cells in culture

Project description:Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) derived from the central nervous system (CNS) variably lose their unique barrier properties during in vitro culture, hindering the development of robust assays for BBB function, including drug permeability and extrusion assays. In previous work (Sabbagh et al., 2018) we characterized transcriptional and accessible chromatin landscapes of acutely isolated CNS ECs. In this report, we compare transcriptional and accessible chromatin landscapes of acutely isolated CNS ECs versus CNS ECs in short-term in vitro culture. We observe that standard culture conditions are associated with a rapid and selective loss of BBB transcripts and chromatin features, as well as a greatly reduced level of beta-catenin signaling. Interestingly, forced expression of a stabilized derivative of beta-catenin, which in vivo leads to a partial conversion of non-BBB CNS ECs to a BBB-like state, has little or no effect on gene expression or chromatin accessibility in vitro.

2020-01-07 | GSE118731 | GEO

Epigenetic Mechanisms Regulating the Transcription of BBB Genes: Role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling

Project description:To identify in CNS endothelial cell (EC) the gene cohorts that participate in blood brain barrier (BBB) formation versus maintenance. We investigated mechanisms behind the reduced Wnt/β-catenin signaling observed in adult CNS ECs We also investigated whether the adult endothelial cells can re express the EC gene cohorts required for the BBB formation.

2022-11-03 | GSE214923 | GEO

Therapeutic modulation of the blood-brain barrier and ischemic stroke by a bioengineered FZD4-selective WNT surrogate (bulk)

Project description:Derangements of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or blood-retinal barrier (BRB) occur in disorders ranging from stroke, cancer, diabetic retinopathy, and Alzheimer's disease. The Norrin/FZD4/TSPAN12 pathway activates WNT/-catenin signaling, which is essential for BBB and BRB function. However, systemic pharmacologic FZD4 stimulation is hindered by obligate palmitoylation and insolubility of native WNTs and suboptimal properties of the FZD4-selective ligand Norrin. Here, we developed L6-F4-2, a non-lipidated, FZD4-specific surrogate with significantly improved sub-picomolar affinity versus native Norrin. In Norrin knockout (NdpKO) mice, L6-F4-2 not only potently reversed neonatal retinal angiogenesis deficits, but also restored BRB and BBB function. In adult C57Bl/6J mice, post-stroke systemic delivery of L6-F4-2 strongly reduced BBB permeability, infarction, and edema, while improving neurologic score and capillary pericyte coverage. Our findings reveal systemic efficacy of a bioengineered FZD4-selective WNT surrogate during ischemic BBB dysfunction, with general applicability to adult CNS disorders characterized by an aberrant blood-brain barrier.

2023-01-31 | GSE223628 | GEO

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