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Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Prox1 determines hepatocyte versus cholangiocyte cell fate in liver progenitors

ABSTRACT: The mammalian liver, the largest solid organ in the body, accomplishes multiple critical roles necessary to preserve homeostasis. Human liver diseases are debilitating, costly and very often result in death. Uncovering developmental mechanisms that establish the complex architecture of the liver or generate the cellular diversity of this organ is necessary to develop more adequate methods to prevent, diagnose and cure liver diseases. This study investigated the role of the homeobox gene Prox1 during mouse hepatogenesis. We used microarrays to detail the global program of gene expression in liver samples from wildtype mice and Prox1 f/f;Foxa3Cre (conditional knockout) mice.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Geoffrey Neale

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-36583 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Prox1 determines hepatocyte versus cholangiocyte cell fate in liver progenitors

Project description:The mammalian liver, the largest solid organ in the body, accomplishes multiple critical roles necessary to preserve homeostasis. Human liver diseases are debilitating, costly and very often result in death. Uncovering developmental mechanisms that establish the complex architecture of the liver or generate the cellular diversity of this organ is necessary to develop more adequate methods to prevent, diagnose and cure liver diseases. This study investigated the role of the homeobox gene Prox1 during mouse hepatogenesis.

2013-03-15 | GSE36583 | GEO

Fasting-sensitive SUMO-switch on Prox1 controls hepatic cholesterol metabolism

Project description:Accumulation of excess nutrients hampers proper liver function and is linked to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in obesity. However, the signals responsible for an impaired adaptation of hepatocytes to obesogenic dietary cues remain still largely unknown. Post-translational modification by the Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier (SUMO), allows for adynamic regulation of numerous processes including transcriptional reprograming. We demonstrate that specific SUMOylation of transcription factor Prox1 represents a nutrient-sensitive determinant of hepatic fasting metabolism. Prox1 was highly SUMOylated on lysine 556 in the liver of ad libitum and re-fed mice, while this modification was abolished upon fasting. In the context of diet-induced obesity, Prox1 SUMOylation became less sensitive to fasting cues. The hepatocyte-selective knock-in of a SUMOylation-deficient Prox1 mutant into mice fed a high-fat/high-fructose diet led to a reduction of systemic cholesterol levels, associated with the induction of liver bile acid detoxifying pathways during fasting. The generation of tools to maintain the nutrient-sensitive SUMO-switch on Prox1 may thus contribute to the development of “fasting-based” approaches for the preservation of metabolic health.

2023-10-24 | PXD041329 | Pride

An HDAC3-PROX1 Corepressor Module Acts on HNF4α to Control Hepatic Triglycerides

Project description:The histone deacetylase HDAC3 is a critical mediator of hepatic lipid metabolism, and liver-specific deletion of HDAC3 leads to fatty liver. To elucidate the underlying mechanism we developed a method of cross-linking followed by mass spectrometry to define a high-confidence HDAC3 interactome in vivo that includes the canonical NCoR/HDAC3 complex as well as Prospero-related homeobox 1 protein (PROX1). HDAC3 and PROX1 co-localize extensively on the mouse liver genome, and are co-recruited by Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4α (HNF4α). The HDAC3-PROX1 module controls the expression of a gene program regulating lipid homeostasis, and hepatic-specific ablation of either component increases triglyceride content in liver. These findings underscore the importance of specific combinations of transcription factors and coregulators in the fine tuning of organismal metabolism.

2017-07-26 | GSE90533 | GEO

Liver transcriptome analysis of obese mice expressing a SUMO-deficient Prox1 (K556R) mutant in hepatocytes

Project description:Accumulation of excess nutrients hampers proper liver function and is linked to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in obesity. However, the signals responsible for an impaired adaptation of hepatocytes to obesogenic dietary cues remain still largely unknown. Post-translational modification by the Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier (SUMO), allows for a dynamic regulation of numerous processes including transcriptional reprograming. We demonstrate that specific SUMOylation of transcription factor Prox1 represents a nutrient-sensitive determinant of hepatic fasting metabolism. Prox1 is highly SUMOylated on lysine 556 in the liver of ad libitum and re-fed mice, while this modification is abolished upon fasting. In the context of diet-induced obesity, Prox1 SUMOylation becomes less sensitive to fasting cues. The hepatocyte-selective knock-in of a SUMOylation-deficient Prox1 mutant into mice fed a high-fat/high-fructose diet leads to a reduction of systemic cholesterol levels, associated with the induction of liver bile acid detoxifying pathways during fasting. The generation of tools to maintain the nutrient-sensitive SUMO-switch on Prox1 may thus contribute to the development of “fasting-based” approaches for the preservation of metabolic health.

2023-07-24 | GSE237593 | GEO

Liver transcriptome analysis of lean mice expressing a SUMO-deficient Prox1 (K556R) mutant in hepatocytes

Project description:Accumulation of excess nutrients hampers proper liver function and is linked to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in obesity. However, the signals responsible for an impaired adaptation of hepatocytes to obesogenic dietary cues remain still largely unknown. Post-translational modification by the Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier (SUMO), allows for a dynamic regulation of numerous processes including transcriptional reprograming. We demonstrate that specific SUMOylation of transcription factor Prox1 represents a nutrient-sensitive determinant of hepatic fasting metabolism. Prox1 is highly SUMOylated on lysine 556 in the liver of ad libitum and re-fed mice, while this modification is abolished upon fasting. In the context of diet-induced obesity, Prox1 SUMOylation becomes less sensitive to fasting cues. The hepatocyte-selective knock-in of a SUMOylation-deficient Prox1 mutant into mice fed a high-fat/high-fructose diet leads to a reduction of systemic cholesterol levels, associated with the induction of liver bile acid detoxifying pathways during fasting. The generation of tools to maintain the nutrient-sensitive SUMO-switch on Prox1 may thus contribute to the development of “fasting-based” approaches for the preservation of metabolic health.

2023-07-24 | GSE237590 | GEO

Comparison of Prox1 expressing and Prox1 knockout intestinal tumors and the effect of A2V+CD40

Project description:Control or A2V+CD40 treated Prox1-proficient (AP) and Prox1-deficient (APP) tumors

2020-02-04 | GSE124716 | GEO

PROX1 Orchestrates Tumor Metabolic Plasticity by Integrating LKB1-AMPK Signaling with BCAA Catabolism (ATAC-Seq)

Project description:Tumor cell metabolic plasticity is essential for tumor progression and therapeutic response, but the mechanism for regulation of metabolic plasticity remain poorly explored. Here, we identify PROX1 as an essential determinant for tumor metabolic plasticity. Notably, PROX1 is significantly reduced in response to metabolic stress or AMPK activation and is elevated in LKB1-deficient tumors in mice and human. Furthermore, the Ser79 phosphorylation of PROX1 by AMPK significantly alters its protein activity and allows a rapid recruitment of CUL4-DDB1 E3 ubiquitin ligase to promote PROX1 degradation under glucose starvation, a critical event that drives BCAA metabolism rewiring to suppress mTOR signaling. Importantly, PROX1 loss or Ser79 phosphorylation in HCC shows therapeutic resistance to metformin. Consistently, genetic ablation of PROX1 renders LKB1‐deficient KRAS-driven lung cancer resistant to phenformin treatment. Conversely, mice harboring non-phosphorylated PROX1 mutant or LKB1 mutant exhibit high PROX1 stabilization, promoting liver and lung cancer progression. Clinically, AMPK-PROX1 axis in human cancers is important for patient clinical outcomes. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the deficiency in the LKB1-AMPK axis in cancers reactivates PROX1 to sustain intracellular BCAA pools, resulting in enhanced mTOR signaling, and facilitating tumorigenesis and aggressiveness.

2022-09-27 | GSE214193 | GEO

PROX1 Orchestrates Tumor Metabolic Plasticity by Integrating LKB1-AMPK Signaling with BCAA Catabolism (RNA-Seq)

2022-09-27 | GSE214192 | GEO

Mapping out genome wide binding sites of Prox1 by CUT&RUN approach in mouse cochlea

Project description:The homeobox transcription factor Prox1 is critical for organogenesis including brain, retina, liver and pancreas and lymphatic system. Prox1 is transiently expressed in mouse cochlear hair cells (HCs) and supporting cells (SCs), however, it remains elusive about its in vivo DNA binding site and roles during cochlear development. Here, by using fresh cochlear tissues and Prox1 antibody, we firstly mapped out the genome-wide binding sites of Prox1 via Cleavage Under Targets and Release Using Nuclease (CUT&RUN). Gene function enrichment analysis suggests several potential functions of Prox1, one of which is regulating cell cycle progression. Secondly, to validate our CUT&RUN data, we further performed in vivo prox1 gain-of-function studies through genetic approaches. Onset of ectopic Prox1 at early embryonic otocyst leads to shorter cochlea with density of HCs and SCs distribution, suggesting a precocious cell cycle exit of cochlear sensory progenitor cells. These findings highlight the power of CUT&RUN in mapping DNA binding sites even in tissues (i.e. cochlea) with rare cells, as well as providing the first genetic evidence to support roles of Prox1 in regulating progenitor pools of cochlear progenitors.

2021-08-06 | GSE146191 | GEO

Prox1 haploinsufficiency sensitizes the pancreas to KrasG12D-induced transformation

Project description:Oncogenic mutations in Kras initiate neoplastic transformation in the pancreas through a process that hijacks the activity of developmental regulators and induces an inflammatory microenvironment. We report that the homeodomain transcription factor Prox1 is a novel component of a progenitor signature that is activated in acinar cells undergoing dedifferentiation and ductal metaplasia conversion. Also, the conditional deletion of a single Prox1 allele markedly accelerates early transformation and significantly enhances features of inflammation in pancreatic tissues carrying a Kras oncogene. By using in vitro and in silico approaches, we demonstrate that Prox1 negatively regulates the expression of proinflammatory genes and genes implicated in malignant transformation in pancreatic cells. Microrrays were used to identify gene expression profiles and pathways that are differentially activated after enforced expression of PROX1 in the PROX1-negative human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell line Capan1. MSCV retroviral transduction was used to generate Capan1 cells that ectopically express PROX1 and selected for puromycin resistance. Three independent transductions with control virus (MSCV_puro) and 3 independent transductions with Prox1-cDNA virus (MSCV_PROX1_puro) were conducted for these experiments.

2016-02-11 | E-GEOD-58547 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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