Genotoxic alterations of cord blood cells in newborns exposed in utero to a zidovudine-based antiretroviral combination
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
SUBMITTER: Fabienne Cocchiarella
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-37748 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
Similar Datasets
Project description:Background: Zidovudine remains the cornerstone drug for prophylaxis to prevent mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission. A mild but long-lasting hematological multilineage defect is observed in children exposed in utero. Objectives: To evaluate the effects of zidovudine-based ARV combinations on newborn cord blood cells. Methods: Cord blood-derived mononuclear cells from 22 HIV-1-uninfected newborn exposed in utero to a zidovudine-based ARV combination and from 20 healthy unexposed newborn were investigated by immunophenotyping, gene expression analysis, cytogenetic studies and functional capacity testing.
2012-05-03 | GSE37748 | GEO
Project description:Prenatal exposure to toxic metals is associated with altered placental function and adverse health outcomes. The underlying mechanisms linking in utero toxic metal exposures with later-in-life health remain unclear, though placental inflammation is posited as a potential driver. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether in utero metals presence is associated with sex-specific changes in placental protein expression. We hypothesized that sex-specific patterns of metal-associated placental protein expression would be observed, and metals presence would be positively associated with the altered expression of inflammation-associated pathways Using samples banked from the Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborn Study (ELGAN), umbilical cord tissue samples were analyzed via ICP-MS/MS for trace elements, and placental samples underwent a global untargeted proteomics analysis via LC-MS/MS. This work highlights the linkage between prenatal metals exposure and an altered placental proteome, revealing that metals in cord tissue were associated with largely distinct differences in placental protein expression, in a sexually-dimorphic manner.
2023-10-24 | PXD041694 | Pride
Project description:The newborn immune system is characterized by an impaired Th1-associated immune response. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmitted from infected mothers to newborns is thought to exploit the newborns’ immune system immaturity by inducing a state of immune tolerance that facilitates HBV persistence. Contrary to this hypothesis, we demonstrate here that HBV exposure in utero triggers a state of trained immunity, characterized by innate immune cell maturation and Th1 development, which in turn enhances the ability of cord blood immune cells to respond to bacterial infection in vitro. These training effects are associated with an alteration of the cytokine environment characterized by low IL-10 and, in most cases, high IL-12p40 and IFN-α2. Our data uncover a potentially symbiotic relationship between HBV and its natural host and highlight the plasticity of the fetal immune system following viral exposure in utero. RNA was extracted from 15 cord blood samples comprising of healthy cord blood monocytes (n=4), HBV-exposed cord blood monocytes (n=3), healthy cord blood plasmacytoid dendritic cells (n=4), and HBV-exposed cord blood plasmacytoid dendritic cells (n=4). Healthy adult peripheral blood monocytes (n=3) were included for comparison. The immune profile was analyzed using Nanostring and nCounter® GX Human Immunology Kit v1, comprising probes for a total of 511 immune genes.
2015-06-30 | E-GEOD-65389 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This is a study of 114 newborns aimed at identifying associations of cord blood methylation profiles with measures of newborn adiposity. Neonatal adiposity is a risk factor for childhood obesity. Investigating contributors to neonata adiposity is important for understanding early life obesity risk. Epigenetic changes of metabolic genes in cord blood may contribute to excessive neonatal adiposity and subsequent childhood obesity. This study aims to evaluate the association of cord blood DNA methylation patterns with markers of neonatal adiposity
2019-04-16 | GSE129841 | GEO
Project description:Whereas the human fetal immune system is poised to generate immune tolerance and suppress inflammation in utero, an adult-like immune system emerges to orchestrate anti-pathogen immune responses in post-natal life. It has been posited that cells of the adult immune system arise as a discrete ontological “layer” of hematopoietic stem-progenitor cells (HSPCs) and their progeny; evidence supporting this model in humans has, however, been inconclusive. Here, we combine bulk and single-cell transcriptional profiling of lymphoid, myeloid, and HSPCs from fetal, perinatal, and adult developmental stages to demonstrate that the fetal-to-adult transition occurs progressively along a continuum of maturity—with a substantial degree of interindividual variation at the time of birth—rather than via a transition between discrete waves. These findings have important implications in the design of strategies for prophylaxis against infection in the newborn, and for the use of umbilical cord blood (UCB) in the setting of transplantation.
2020-09-25 | GSE158489 | GEO
Project description:It is important to understand how, if at all, antiretroviral prophylaxis with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) alone or TDF in conjunction with emtricitabine (FTC) affects gene expression. To ask this question, we used peripheral blood mononuclear cells from women enrolled in the Genital Mucosal Substudy (GMS) [1] of the Partners PrEP Study (NCT02621242) [2]. Partners PrEP was a randomized Phase III trial of oral TDF or TDF/FTC compared to placebo, which showed that either active drug was effective at protecting against HIV-1 infection. Samples were taken after 24-36 months of oral treatment with placebo, TDF, or TDF/FTC or two months after discontinuation. Treatment adherence was based on plasma TDF concentrations. Covariates included Nugent scores (for bacterial vaginosis), HSV-2 serology, age, and birth control method. Levels of natural and synthetic hormones (medroxyprogesterone acetate [MPA], estradiol [E2], ethinyl estradiol [EE2], levonorgestrel [LNG], etonogestrel [ENG], progesterone [P4], and norethisterone enanthate [NET-EN]) were measured in the serum. 1. Lund, J. M. et al. HIV-1-Neutralizing IgA Detected in Genital Secretions of Highly HIV-1-Exposed Seronegative Women on Oral Preexposure Prophylaxis. J. Virol. 90, 9855–9861 (2016). 2. Baeten, J. M. et al. Antiretroviral prophylaxis for HIV prevention in heterosexual men and women. N. Engl. J. Med. 367, 399–410 (2012).
2020-07-07 | GSE139649 | GEO
Project description:Whereas the human fetal immune system is poised to generate immune tolerance and suppress inflammation in utero, an adult-like immune system emerges to orchestrate anti-pathogen immune responses in post-natal life. It has been posited that cells of the adult immune system arise as a discrete ontological “layer” of hematopoietic stem-progenitor cells (HSPCs) and their progeny; evidence supporting this model in humans has, however, been inconclusive. Here, we combine bulk and single-cell transcriptional profiling of lymphoid, myeloid, and HSPCs from fetal, perinatal, and adult developmental stages to demonstrate that the fetal-to-adult transition occurs progressively along a continuum of maturity—with a substantial degree of interindividual variation at the time of birth—rather than via a transition between discrete waves. These findings have important implications in the design of strategies for prophylaxis against infection in the newborn, and for the use of umbilical cord blood (UCB) in the setting of transplantation. Naïve CD4 and CD8 T cells, and CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) were isolated from human samples of three different groups: Fetal (18-23 gestational weeks), full-term newborn (37+ gestational weeks at birth), and adults age 23 to 53. For each group, five independent donors were analyzed, but not all cell types could be sequenced for every patient.
2020-09-25 | GSE158492 | GEO
Project description:Whereas the human fetal immune system is poised to generate immune tolerance and suppress inflammation in utero, an adult-like immune system emerges to orchestrate anti-pathogen immune responses in post-natal life. It has been posited that cells of the adult immune system arise as a discrete ontological “layer” of hematopoietic stem-progenitor cells (HSPCs) and their progeny; evidence supporting this model in humans has, however, been inconclusive. Here, we combine bulk and single-cell transcriptional profiling of lymphoid, myeloid, and HSPCs from fetal, perinatal, and adult developmental stages to demonstrate that the fetal-to-adult transition occurs progressively along a continuum of maturity—with a substantial degree of interindividual variation at the time of birth—rather than via a transition between discrete waves. These findings have important implications in the design of strategies for prophylaxis against infection in the newborn, and for the use of umbilical cord blood (UCB) in the setting of transplantation. Naïve CD4 and CD8 T cells, and CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) were isolated from human samples of three different groups: Fetal (18-23 gestational weeks), full-term newborn (37+ gestational weeks at birth), and adults age 23 to 53. For each group, five independent donors were analyzed, but not all cell types could be sequenced for every patient.
2020-09-25 | GSE158491 | GEO
Project description:Whereas the human fetal immune system is poised to generate immune tolerance and suppress inflammation in utero, an adult-like immune system emerges to orchestrate anti-pathogen immune responses in post-natal life. It has been posited that cells of the adult immune system arise as a discrete ontological “layer” of hematopoietic stem-progenitor cells (HSPCs) and their progeny; evidence supporting this model in humans has, however, been inconclusive. Here, we combine bulk and single-cell transcriptional profiling of lymphoid, myeloid, and HSPCs from fetal, perinatal, and adult developmental stages to demonstrate that the fetal-to-adult transition occurs progressively along a continuum of maturity—with a substantial degree of interindividual variation at the time of birth—rather than via a transition between discrete waves. These findings have important implications in the design of strategies for prophylaxis against infection in the newborn, and for the use of umbilical cord blood (UCB) in the setting of transplantation. Naïve CD4 and CD8 T cells, and CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) were isolated from human samples of three different groups: Fetal (18-23 gestational weeks), full-term newborn (37+ gestational weeks at birth), and adults age 23 to 53. For each group, five independent donors were analyzed, but not all cell types could be sequenced for every patient.
2020-09-25 | GSE158490 | GEO
Project description:It is important to understand how, if at all, antiretroviral prophylaxis with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) alone or TDF in conjunction with emtricitabine (FTC) affects gene expression. To ask this question, we used cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from women enrolled in the Genital Mucosal Substudy (GMS) [1] of the Partners PrEP Study (NCT02621242) [2]. Partners PrEP was a randomized Phase III trial of oral TDF or TDF/FTC compared to placebo, which showed that either active drug was effective at protecting against HIV-1 infection. Samples were unpaired, with one sample per person, after 24-36 months of oral treatment with placebo, TDF, or TDF/FTC. Treatment adherence was based on plasma TDF concentrations. Covariates included Nugent scores (for bacterial vaginosis), HSV-2 serology, age, and birth control method. Levels of natural and synthetic hormones (medroxyprogesterone acetate [MPA], estradiol [E2], ethinyl estradiol [EE2], levonorgestrel [LNG], etonogestrel [ENG], progesterone [P4], and norethisterone enanthate [NET-EN]) were measured in the serum. 1. Lund, J. M. et al. HIV-1-Neutralizing IgA Detected in Genital Secretions of Highly HIV-1-Exposed Seronegative Women on Oral Preexposure Prophylaxis. J. Virol. 90, 9855–9861 (2016). 2. Baeten, J. M. et al. Antiretroviral prophylaxis for HIV prevention in heterosexual men and women. N. Engl. J. Med. 367, 399–410 (2012).
2020-07-07 | GSE139411 | GEO