Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

Dataset Information

Transcription profiling of livers of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1-deficient mice to search for gene expression changes unique to SCD1-/- mice on a very low-fat, high- carbohydrate diet.

ABSTRACT: Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1-deficient (SCD1-/-) mice have impaired monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) synthesis. When maintained on a very low-fat, high-carbohydrate (VLF-HC) diet, SCD1-/- mice develop severe hypercholesterolemia characterized by an increase in apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins and the appearance of lipoprotein-X. Additionally, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is dramatically reduced in VLF-HC SCD1-/- mice. The concomitant presence of elevated plasma bile acids, bilirubin and aminotransferases in the VLF-HC SCD1-/- mouse are indicative of hepatic dysfunction. Supplementation of the VLF-HC diet with unsaturated fat (canola oil), but not saturated fat (coconut oil), prevents these plasma phenotypes. However, dietary oleate was not as effective as canola oil in reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, signifying an additional role for dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid deficiency in the development of this phenotype. These results indicate that lack of SCD1 results in an increased requirement for dietary unsaturated fat to compensate for impaired MUFA synthesis and to prevent hypercholesterolemia and hepatic dysfunction. Experiment Overall Design: We used Affymetrix Mouse430v2.0 microarray chips to search for gene expression changes unique to the VLF-HC SCD1-/- group. These chips contain 45,101 probe sets representing over 39,000 transcripts and variants from over 34,000 mouse genes. We studied SCD1+/+ and SCD1-/- mice on chow or the VLF-HC diet, analyzing five individual livers from each subgroup for a total of twenty microarrays.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Alan Attie

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-3889 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Publications

Cholestasis and hypercholesterolemia in SCD1-deficient mice fed a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet.

Flowers Matthew T MT Groen Albert K AK Oler Angie Tebon AT Keller Mark P MP Choi Younjeong Y Schueler Kathryn L KL Richards Oliver C OC Lan Hong H Miyazaki Makoto M Kuipers Folkert F Kendziorski Christina M CM Ntambi James M JM Attie Alan D AD

Journal of lipid research 20060927 12

Stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1-deficient (SCD1(-/-)) mice have impaired MUFA synthesis. When maintained on a very low-fat (VLF) diet, SCD1(-/-) mice developed severe hypercholesterolemia, characterized by an increase in apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins and the appearance of lipoprotein X. The rate of LDL clearance was decreased in VLF SCD1(-/-) mice relative to VLF SCD1(+/+) mice, indicating that reduced apoB-containing lipoprotein clearance contributed to the hypercholesterolem ...[more]

PMID: 17005996

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Project description:PURPOSE: Previous mouse studies using corn oil (ω-6) as the dietary fat source suggest that decreasing dietary fat content can slow prostate cancer (PCa) growth. However, other studies, in which the diet was composed around saturated fat, showed no difference in outcomes between high-fat and low-fat diets. The relative effects of other fats, such as fish oil and olive oil, also remain unexplored. To our knowledge, no trial has yet compared the effect of various fats on prostate cancer progression. Therefore, we sought to systematically study the effect of fish oil, olive oil, corn oil, and saturated fat on prostate cancer progression. METHODS: A total of 96 male SCID mice were injected with LAPC-4 human PCa cells. Two weeks following injection, mice were singly-housed and randomized to either a fish oil, olive oil, corn oil, or saturated fat based diet. Animals were euthanized when tumors reached 1,000 mm3. Serum was collected at sacrifice and assayed for PSA, insulin, IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and PGE-2 levels. Tumors were also assayed for PGE-2, and COX-2 levels, and gene array analysis was performed. RESULTS: Mice weights and tumor volumes were equivalent across groups at randomization. Overall, fish-oil consumption was associated with improved survival, relative to all other dietary groups (Log-rank, all p<0.05). We did not detect any significant difference in serum PSA, insulin, IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and PGE-2 levels. Glucose at the time of sacrifice was statistically different between groups, with the fish-oil fed mice having the highest levels of serum glucose (Kruskal-Wallis, p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: In this prostate cancer xenograft model, we found that consuming a diet in which fish-oil was the only fat source slowed tumor growth in improved survival, compared to mice consuming diets composed of olive oil, corn oil, or saturated fat sources. These results suggest that type of dietary fat consumed may be as important as amount of dietary fat consumed in the setting of prostate cancer.

Project description:PURPOSE: Previous mouse studies using corn oil (Ï?-6) as the dietary fat source suggest that decreasing dietary fat content can slow prostate cancer (PCa) growth. However, other studies, in which the diet was composed around saturated fat, showed no difference in outcomes between high-fat and low-fat diets. The relative effects of other fats, such as fish oil and olive oil, also remain unexplored. To our knowledge, no trial has yet compared the effect of various fats on prostate cancer progression. Therefore, we sought to systematically study the effect of fish oil, olive oil, corn oil, and saturated fat on prostate cancer progression. METHODS: A total of 96 male SCID mice were injected with LAPC-4 human PCa cells. Two weeks following injection, mice were singly-housed and randomized to either a fish oil, olive oil, corn oil, or saturated fat based diet. Animals were euthanized when tumors reached 1,000 mm3. Serum was collected at sacrifice and assayed for PSA, insulin, IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and PGE-2 levels. Tumors were also assayed for PGE-2, and COX-2 levels, and gene array analysis was performed. RESULTS: Mice weights and tumor volumes were equivalent across groups at randomization. Overall, fish-oil consumption was associated with improved survival, relative to all other dietary groups (Log-rank, all p<0.05). We did not detect any significant difference in serum PSA, insulin, IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and PGE-2 levels. Glucose at the time of sacrifice was statistically different between groups, with the fish-oil fed mice having the highest levels of serum glucose (Kruskal-Wallis, p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: In this prostate cancer xenograft model, we found that consuming a diet in which fish-oil was the only fat source slowed tumor growth in improved survival, compared to mice consuming diets composed of olive oil, corn oil, or saturated fat sources. These results suggest that type of dietary fat consumed may be as important as amount of dietary fat consumed in the setting of prostate cancer. DESIGN: A total of 96 male SCID mice were injected with LAPC-4 human prostate cancer cells. After 2 weeks of tumor growth, the mice were randomized to one of four diets: corn oil, fish oil, olive oil, and saturated fat source diets. Animals were euthanized when tumor volumes exceeded 1000 mm^3. Sera and tissues from the median 6 surviving animals from each of the four dietary groups were analyzed.

Dataset Information

Transcription profiling of livers of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1-deficient mice to search for gene expression changes unique to SCD1-/- mice on a very low-fat, high- carbohydrate diet.

Publications

Cholestasis and hypercholesterolemia in SCD1-deficient mice fed a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet.

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