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Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Genome-wide maps of 5hmC/5mC state in pluripotent and (T-)iPS induction cells.

ABSTRACT: We performed 5hmC/5mC DNA Immunoprecipitation followed high-throughput sequencing using the cell sample along the whole TSKM secondary reprogramming system. The TSKM 0D is the fibroblasts deried from TSKM-iPS mouse as the starting cells of the reprogramming.The intermediate cells is 3-days induced cells which are refered as TSKM 3D cells, and the final reprogrammed cells is the iPS cells with full pluripotency driven from this secondary system. We compared the profiling of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and 5-methylcytosine modifications in these different cell lines. We found that: a widespread accompanying increase of 5hmC and 5mC at TSS and ES-active regulation regions followed by 5mC-5hmC pattern switch. Taking the advantage of the newly established TSKM secondary reprogramming system, the epigenetic remodeling and regulation mechanisms can be further investigated to advance our understanding of the epigenetic barriers and decipher the dynamic mechanism in somatic cell reprogramming. Examination of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine/5-methylcytosine modifications in a Tet1-mediated secondary reprogramming system

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Tao Cai

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-39638 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Genome-wide maps of 5hmC/5mC state in pluripotent and (T-)iPS induction cells.

Project description:We performed 5hmC/5mC DNA Immunoprecipitation followed high-throughput sequencing using the cell sample along the whole TSKM secondary reprogramming system. The TSKM 0D is the fibroblasts deried from TSKM-iPS mouse as the starting cells of the reprogramming.The intermediate cells is 3-days induced cells which are refered as TSKM 3D cells, and the final reprogrammed cells is the iPS cells with full pluripotency driven from this secondary system. We compared the profiling of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and 5-methylcytosine modifications in these different cell lines. We found that: a widespread accompanying increase of 5hmC and 5mC at TSS and ES-active regulation regions followed by 5mC-5hmC pattern switch. Taking the advantage of the newly established TSKM secondary reprogramming system, the epigenetic remodeling and regulation mechanisms can be further investigated to advance our understanding of the epigenetic barriers and decipher the dynamic mechanism in somatic cell reprogramming.

2013-03-18 | GSE39638 | GEO

PGC7 and TET3 ChIP-seq results

Project description:PGC7 is a primordial germ cell (PGCs)-specific protein involved in epigenetic chromatin reprogramming in the zygote following fertilization. TET3 is a dioxygenase that catalyzes the conversion of the modified genomic base 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and plays a key role in epigenetic chromatin reprogramming in the zygote following fertilization. PGC7 participates in protection of DNA methylation in the maternal pronucleus by preventing conversion of 5mC to 5hmC by TET3 oxidization subsequent DNA demethylation. Thus we tested the co-localization of PGC7 and TET3 in specific loci by ChIP-seq assays.

2014-01-04 | E-GEOD-53809 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Hydroxylation of 5-methylcytosine by TET2 maintains the active state of the mammalian HOXA cluster (MeDIP-Seq)

Project description:Differentiation is accompanied by extensive epigenomic reprogramming, leading to the repression of stemness factors and the transcriptional maintenance of activated lineage-specific genes. Here we used the mammalian Hoxa cluster of developmental genes as a model system to follow changes in DNA modification patterns during retinoic acid induced differentiation. We found the inactive cluster to be marked by defined patterns of 5-methylcytosine (5mC). Upon the induction of differentiation, the active anterior part of the cluster became increasingly enriched in 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), following closely the colinear activation pattern of the gene array, which was paralleled by the reduction of 5mC. Depletion of the 5hmC generating dioxygenase Tet2 impaired the maintenance of Hoxa activity and partially restored 5mC levels. Our results indicate that gene specific 5mC-5hmC conversion by Tet2 is crucial for the maintenance of active chromatin states at lineage-specific loci. Examination of 5-methylcytosine (MeDIP-seq) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (hMeDIP-seq) at the HOXA cluster in 2 different developmental stages of a pluripotent cancer cell line.

2012-05-02 | E-GEOD-33129 | biostudies-arrayexpress

5-hydroxymethylcytosine dynamics during retinal maturation

Project description:Ten-eleven translocation (Tet) hydroxylases (Tet1-3) oxidize 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). In neurons increased 5hmC levels within gene bodies correlate positively with gene expression. Here, we studied 5hmC profiles (hMeDIP) during retinal maturation between postnatal week 2 and postnatal week 3 using HiSeq 2000 instrument. Study of retinal 5hmC profile dynamics in 2-week old and 3-week old wild type (WT) mouse.

2015-04-02 | E-GEOD-65860 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcriptional regulation of Tet1 during development

Project description:5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is a recently discovered epigenetic modification that is lost in human cancers. Formation of 5hmC is catalysed by the Ten eleven translocation (TET) proteins that mediate the sequential oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5hmC, leading to eventual DNA demethylation. Several mechanisms can lead to loss of 5hmC in cancers, including mutations in IDH or TET2 genes. However, little is known about the role of TET proteins and 5hmC in adult cells. Here, we report that TET1 downmodulation is required to permit adult cells to proliferate. TET1 is rapidly downmodulated in proliferating primary cells and in regenerating liver. TET1 silencing accelerates cell cycle progression while its constitutive expression inhibits cell growth. TET1 is a negative regulator of cell proliferation and it is regulated during development in tissue specific manner. These findings enlarge our knowledge on how one epigenetic modification such as the DNA hydroxymethylation mediated by TET1 is a key player on the control of cell proliferation. Examination of 5hmC in MEF at passage 0 and at passage 5.

2015-08-04 | E-GEOD-57250 | biostudies-arrayexpress

5-hydroxymethylcytosine-mediated epigenetic modifications between iPSCs and hESCs

Project description:Mammalian somatic cells can be directly reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by introducing defined sets of transcription factors. Somatic cell reprogramming involves epigenomic reconfiguration, conferring iPSCs with characteristics similar to embryonic stem (ES) cells. Human ES cells contain 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), which is generated though the oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) by the TET family of enzymes. Here we show that 5hmC level increases significantly during reprogramming due to the activation of TET1. During this process, dynamic genome-wide 5hmC modification occurs across the genome with more modifications at telomere-proximal regions. Compared with hES cells, we found iPS cells tend to form large-scale (100kb-1.3Mb) aberrant reprogramming hotspots in subtelomeric regions, most of which display incomplete hydroxymethylation. Strikingly, these 5hmC aberrant hotspots largely coincide (>80%) with previously reported aberrant non-CG methylation regions. Our results suggest that 5hmC modification could play important roles during reprogramming to pluripotency, and contribute to the differences between iPSCs and hESCs. we generated comprehensive genome-wide profiles of 5hmC in somatic cells, iPS cell lines derived from a variety of origins, and multiple hES cell lines.

2013-03-21 | E-GEOD-37050 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Modified cytosine binding proteins

Project description:DNA methylation (5mC) plays important roles in epigenetic regulation of genome function, and recently the TET1-3 hydroxylases have been found to oxidize 5mC to hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), formylcytosine (5fC), and carboxylcytosine (5caC) in DNA. These derivatives have a role in demethylation of DNA but in addition may have epigenetic signaling functions in their own right. A recent study identified proteins with preferential binding to 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and its oxidized forms where readers for 5mC and 5hmC (5-hydroxymethylcytosine) showed little overlap while further oxidation forms enriched for repair proteins and transcription regulators. We extend this study by using promoter sequences as baits and compare protein binding patterns to unmodified or modified cytosine containing DNA using mouse embryonic stem cell (mESCs) extracts. The dataset contains 3 biological replicates each of mouse ES cell nuclear proteins binding to Pax6 and FGF15 promoter sequences containing different modified forms of cytosine. Data analysis: Mass spectrometric data were processed using Proteome Discoverer v1.3 and searched against a mammalian entries in Uniprot 2011.09 using Mascot v2.3 with the following parameters: Enzyme - trypsin; max 1 missed cleavage; Precursor Mass Tolerance - 10 ppm; Fragment Mass Tolerance - 0.6 Da; Dynamic Modification - Oxidation (M); Static Modification - Carbamidomethyl at C.

2013-10-21 | PXD000524 | Pride

PGC7 and TET3 ChIP-seq results

2014-01-04 | GSE53809 | GEO

Hydroxylation of 5-methylcytosine by TET2 maintains the active state of the mammalian HOXA cluster (Infinium HumanMethylation450 Beadchip)

Project description:Differentiation is accompanied by extensive epigenomic reprogramming, leading to the repression of stemness factors and the transcriptional maintenance of activated lineage-specific genes. Here we used the mammalian Hoxa cluster of developmental genes as a model system to follow changes in DNA modification patterns during retinoic acid induced differentiation. We found the inactive cluster to be marked by defined patterns of 5-methylcytosine (5mC). Upon the induction of differentiation, the active anterior part of the cluster became increasingly enriched in 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), following closely the colinear activation pattern of the gene array, which was paralleled by the reduction of 5mC. Depletion of the 5hmC generating dioxygenase Tet2 impaired the maintenance of Hoxa activity and partially restored 5mC levels. Our results indicate that gene specific 5mC-5hmC conversion by Tet2 is crucial for the maintenance of active chromatin states at lineage-specific loci. Genome wide DNA methylation profiling of uninduced and retinoic acid (RA) induced NTera2/D1 embryocarcinoma cells (NT2). Bisulphite converted DNA of uninduced, 7d RA and 14d RA treated NT2 cells were hybridised to the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 Beadchip.

2012-05-02 | E-GEOD-32362 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Hydroxylation of 5-methylcytosine by TET2 maintains the active state of the mammalian HOXA cluster (MeDIP-Seq)

2012-05-03 | GSE33129 | GEO

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