Rho and NusG suppress pervasive antisense transcription in Escherichia coli
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Escherichia coli K-12
SUBMITTER: Jason Peters
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-41940 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
Similar Datasets
Project description:Despite the prevalence of antisense transcripts in bacterial transcriptomes, little is known about how their synthesis is controlled. We report that a major function of the Escherichia coli termination factor Rho and its co-factor NusG is suppression of ubiquitous antisense transcription genome-wide. Rho binds C-rich unstructured nascent RNA (high C/G ratio) prior to its ATP-dependent dissociation of transcription complexes. NusG is required for efficient termination at minority subsets (~20%) of both antisense and sense Rho-dependent terminators with lower C/G ratio sequences. In contrast, a widely studied nusA deletion proposed to compromise Rho-dependent termination had no effect on antisense or sense Rho-dependent terminators in vivo. Global co-localization of the nucleoid-associated protein H-NS with Rho-dependent terminators and genetic interactions between hns and rho suggest that H-NS aids Rho in suppression of antisense transcription. The combined actions of Rho, NusG, and H-NS appear to be analogous to the Sen1-Nrd1-Nab3 and nucleosome systems that suppress antisense transcription in eukaryotes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiments were performed using antibodies against RNA polymerase (RNAP; Beta subunit) in wild-type cells or cells deleted for hns, nusG, or a partial deletion of nusA. Differentially labeled ChIP DNA and genomic DNA were competitively hybridized to an E. coli K-12 MG1655 tiling array with overlapping probes at ~12bp spacing across the entire genome. The series contains 12 datasets.
2012-11-01 | E-GEOD-41936 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The in vivo trafficking patterns on DNA by the bacterial regulators of transcript elongation Sigma70, Rho, NusA, and NusG and the explanation for high promoter-proximal levels or peaks of RNA polymerase (RNAP) are unknown. Genome-wide ChIP-chip on E. coli revealed distinct association patterns of regulators as RNAP transcribes away from promoters (Rho first, then NusA, and then NusG). However, the interactions of elongating complexes with these regulators, including a weak interaction with Sigma70, did not differ significantly among most transcription units. A modest variation of NusG signal among genes reflected increased NusG interaction as transcription progresses, rather than functional specialization of elongating complexes. Promoter-proximal RNAP peaks were offset from Sigma70 peaks in the direction of transcription and co-occurred with NusA and Rho peaks, suggesting that the RNAP peaks reflected elongating, rather than initiating, complexes. However, inhibition of Rho did not increase RNAP levels within genes downstream of the RNAP peaks, suggesting the peaks are caused by a mechanism other than simple Rho-dependent attenuation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiments were performed using antibodies against RNA polymerase (Beta' subunit), Sigma70, NusA, NusG, or Rho. Differentially labeled ChIP DNA and genomic DNA were competitively hybridized to an E. coli K-12 MG1655 tiling array with overlapping probes at ~24bp spacing across the entire genome. The series contains 17 total datasets.
2010-05-14 | E-GEOD-13938 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Despite the prevalence of antisense transcripts in bacterial transcriptomes, little is known about how their synthesis is controlled. We report that a major function of the Escherichia coli termination factor Rho and its co-factor NusG is suppression of ubiquitous antisense transcription genome-wide. Rho binds C-rich unstructured nascent RNA (high C/G ratio) prior to its ATP-dependent dissociation of transcription complexes. NusG is required for efficient termination at minority subsets (~20%) of both antisense and sense Rho-dependent terminators with lower C/G ratio sequences. In contrast, a widely studied nusA deletion proposed to compromise Rho-dependent termination had no effect on antisense or sense Rho-dependent terminators in vivo. Global co-localization of the nucleoid-associated protein H-NS with Rho-dependent terminators and genetic interactions between hns and rho suggest that H-NS aids Rho in suppression of antisense transcription. The combined actions of Rho, NusG, and H-NS appear to be analogous to the Sen1-Nrd1-Nab3 and nucleosome systems that suppress antisense transcription in eukaryotes. RNA-seq experiments were performed on ribosome-depleted RNA from cells treated with 20 ug/ml bicyclomycin or untreated cells. The series contains 4 datasets.
2012-11-01 | E-GEOD-41939 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Despite the prevalence of antisense transcripts in bacterial transcriptomes, little is known about how their synthesis is controlled. We report that a major function of the Escherichia coli termination factor Rho and its co-factor NusG is suppression of ubiquitous antisense transcription genome-wide. Rho binds C-rich unstructured nascent RNA (high C/G ratio) prior to its ATP-dependent dissociation of transcription complexes. NusG is required for efficient termination at minority subsets (~20%) of both antisense and sense Rho-dependent terminators with lower C/G ratio sequences. In contrast, a widely studied nusA deletion proposed to compromise Rho-dependent termination had no effect on antisense or sense Rho-dependent terminators in vivo. Global co-localization of the nucleoid-associated protein H-NS with Rho-dependent terminators and genetic interactions between hns and rho suggest that H-NS aids Rho in suppression of antisense transcription. The combined actions of Rho, NusG, and H-NS appear to be analogous to the Sen1-Nrd1-Nab3 and nucleosome systems that suppress antisense transcription in eukaryotes. Tiling expression microarray experiments were performed in cells treated with 20 ug/ml bicyclomycin or cells deleted for nusG, or a partial deletion of nusA. Labeled cDNAs were hybridized to an E. coli K-12 MG1655 tiling array with overlapping probes at ~12bp spacing across the entire genome. The series contains 14 datasets.
2012-11-01 | E-GEOD-41938 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Pervasive Transcription originates from spurious promoters present in both orientations within coding sequences. Spurious transcripts are typically untranslated and thus for the most part are terminated by transcription termination factor Rho. They can be studied by impairing Rho activity, which in this study was achieved by depleting cells for Rho co-factor NusG. To this end, strains in which the only chromosomal copy of the nusG gene is transcribed from a promoter that can be repressed by arabinose (ARA) were used. This study was aimed at determining how pervasive transcription affect H-NS mediated gene silencing in Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 1 (SPI-1). In particular, the analysis concentrated on the region surrounding the master regulator gene HilD. The activities of promoters in this region were assessed performing semiquantitative 5’RACE-Seq. RNA extracted from cells exposed to the indicated treatments was reverse-transcribed with gene-specific primers in the presence of a template-switching oligonucleotide (TSO). The latter carries three 3’-terminal riboguanosines that hybridize to the polycytosine overhang (typically 3 or 4 Cs) added by the RT enzyme when it reaches the 5’ end of the RNA.This allows the RT enzyme to switch template and polymerise the TSO. Subsequent PCR amplification, with a primer complementary to the TSO and another annealing inside the reverse transcribed region, followed by sequence analysis, allows identifying the 5’ end of the RNA as the sequence lying immediately adjacent to the poly-G track. Performing the PCR step semiquantitatively provides information as to relative RNA levels. Here, the technique was adapted to high throughput sequencing by using PCR primers carrying Illumina adapters at their 5’ ends. Three strains were used, all three carrying the ARA-repressible nusG allele, MA12996, MA14302 and MA14358. This last strain carries a deleted version of SPI-1 with the Anhydrotetracycline (AHTc)-inducible Ptet promoter positioned at edge of the H-NS patch covering hilD, which made it possible to study the effects of NusG depletion in the presence or absence of overlapping transcription.
2022-07-04 | E-MTAB-11419 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The transcription termination factor Rho is a global regulator of RNA polymerase (RNAP). Although individual Rho-dependent terminators have been studied extensively, less is known about the sites of RNAP regulation by Rho on a genome-wide scale. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation and microarrays (ChIP-chip), we examined changes in the distribution of Escherichia coli RNAP in response to the Rho-specific inhibitor bicyclomycin (BCM). We found ~200 Rho-terminated loci that were divided evenly into two classes: intergenic (at the ends of genes) and intragenic (within genes). The intergenic class contained noncoding RNAs such as small RNAs (sRNAs) and transfer RNAs (tRNAs), establishing a previously unappreciated role of Rho in termination of stable RNA synthesis. The intragenic class of terminators included a novel set of short antisense transcripts, as judged by a shift in the distribution of RNAP in BCM-treated cells that was opposite to the direction of the corresponding gene. These Rho-terminated antisense transcripts point to a novel role of noncoding transcription in E. coli gene regulation that may resemble the ubiquitous noncoding transcription recently found to play myriad roles in eukaryotic gene regulation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiments were performed using antibodies against RNA polymerase (Beta or Beta' subunit) in cells treated with 20ug/ml bicyclomycin or untreated cells. Differentially labeled ChIP DNA and genomic DNA were competitively hybridized to an E. coli K-12 MG1655 tiling array with overlapping probes at ~12bp spacing across the entire genome. The series contains 4 datasets.
2010-05-18 | E-GEOD-16562 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Rho and NusG suppress pervasive antisense transcription in Escherichia coli
| PRJNA178544 | ENA
Project description:Transcription termination factor Rho is essential in enterobacteria. We inhibited Rho activity with bicyclomycin and used microarray experiments to assess Rho function on a genome-wide scale. Rho is a global regulator of gene expression that matches E. coli transcription to translational needs. Remarkably, genes that are most repressed by Rho are prophages and other horizontally-acquired portions of the genome. Elimination of these foreign DNA elements increases resistance to bicyclomycin. Although rho remains essential, such reduced-genome bacteria no longer require Rho cofactors NusA and NusG. Thus, Rho termination, supported by NusA and NusG, is required to suppress the toxic activity of foreign DNA. Global regulation of transcription termination by Rho, NusA, and NusG. Keywords: Antibiotic treatment
2008-05-16 | GSE10345 | GEO
Project description:Transcription termination factor Rho is essential in enterobacteria. We inhibited Rho activity with bicyclomycin and used microarray experiments to assess Rho function on a genome-wide scale. Rho is a global regulator of gene expression that matches E. coli transcription to translational needs. Remarkably, genes that are most repressed by Rho are prophages and other horizontally-acquired portions of the genome. Elimination of these foreign DNA elements increases resistance to bicyclomycin. Although rho remains essential, such reduced-genome bacteria no longer require Rho cofactors NusA and NusG. Thus, Rho termination, supported by NusA and NusG, is required to suppress the toxic activity of foreign DNA. Global regulation of transcription termination by Rho, NusA, and NusG. Experiment Overall Design: Two sets of experiments are presented. First, treatment of E. coli with Rho inhibitor bicyclomycin was performed in strains MG1655 and O157:H7 EDL933 for twenty minutes at concentrations of 10, 25, or 100 micrograms/milliliter. In the second set of experiments the reduced-genome strain MDS42 was treated with bicyclomycin as well as having deletions of the genes nusA and nusG. Total RNA was extracted and hybridized to the Affymetrix E. coli Genome 2.0 array, which contains complete genome coverage of four strains of E. coli.
2008-06-20 | E-GEOD-10345 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Despite the prevalence of antisense transcripts in bacterial transcriptomes, little is known about how their synthesis is controlled. We report that a major function of the Escherichia coli termination factor Rho and its co-factor NusG is suppression of ubiquitous antisense transcription genome-wide. Rho binds C-rich unstructured nascent RNA (high C/G ratio) prior to its ATP-dependent dissociation of transcription complexes. NusG is required for efficient termination at minority subsets (~20%) of both antisense and sense Rho-dependent terminators with lower C/G ratio sequences. In contrast, a widely studied nusA deletion proposed to compromise Rho-dependent termination had no effect on antisense or sense Rho-dependent terminators in vivo. Global co-localization of the nucleoid-associated protein H-NS with Rho-dependent terminators and genetic interactions between hns and rho suggest that H-NS aids Rho in suppression of antisense transcription. The combined actions of Rho, NusG, and H-NS appear to be analogous to the Sen1-Nrd1-Nab3 and nucleosome systems that suppress antisense transcription in eukaryotes.
2012-11-01 | GSE41938 | GEO