Expression data from early and late vegetative stages from rice hybrid and its parents
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ABSTRACT: Heterosis is a complex phenomenon governed by many phenotypes in combination. In comparative account of the different stages a better understanding regulating this phenomenon in terms of gene action can be ascertained. We used microarrays to ascertained the kind and extent of gene actions in the different developmental stages to reach to the conclusion of contribution of different mode of gene actions. A total of 45 arrays representing in triplicates of each five developmental stages of an Indica hybrid and its parents five vegetative developmental stages. Indica hybrid (MRP5401) has been take along with its parents (female parent PMS80 (B Line) and male parent PR319 (R line)) and five stages are selected for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetirx microarray comprising young leaf (Leaves of 14-days-old seedling), young root (Roots of 14-days-old seedlings), Leaves of 40-60-days-old plants, Roots of 40-60-days-old plants and Flag Leaves of 90-days-old plants. Further these stages are named accordingly as YL_B, YL_H, YL_R (Leaves of 14-days-old seedlings of B parent, hybrid and R parent), YR_B, YR_H, YR_R (Roots of 14-days-old seedlings of B parent, hybrid and R parent), ML_B, ML_H, ML_R (Leaves of 40-60-days-old plants of B parent, hybrid and R parent), BMR, HMR, RMR (Roots of 40-60-days-old plants of B parent, hybrid and R parent) and BFL, HFL, RFL (Flag leaves of 90-days-old B parent, hybrid and R parent). Development course
Project description:The wild type WS plants and the Sku5 mutant plants in the WS background were germinated on ISS or on the ground and the gene expression profiles in roots at 4 days or 8 days were established. The Sku5 gene (AT4G12420) codes for a multi-copper oxidase-like protein SKU5 protein that is involved in directed root tip growth. The Sku5 protein is glycosylated, GPI-anchored and localizes to the plasma membrane and the cell wall. The Sku5 gene is expressed most strongly in expanding tissues. The development of WS and Sku5 plants on orbit differs from that on the ground as demonstrated by the comparison of the gene expression profiles between 4 days old to 8 days old plant in the two environments. However the development of Sku5 mutant plants also differs from WS at either age and in either environment, suggesting the role of the genetic background in these developmental decisions. The 4 days old Sku5 roots in orbit engaged substantially more genes than the 4 days old WS roots in orbit but also more than the 4 days old Sku5 roots on the ground. Overall the 4 days old roots differentially expressed more genes in spaceflight relative to ground than the 8 days old roots of either genotype. Finally, the 4 days old Sku5 roots in orbit differ in 862 genes from the 8 days Sku5 roots in orbit while on the ground there is merely half of the number of genes differentially expressed between the 4 days and 8 days developmental stages of the Sku5 roots.
Project description:Experiments were achieved on Arabidopsis thaliana. Transcriptional profiling of roots and shoots from plants treated with lead were compared to plants treated in similar conditions without lead. Four weeks old A. thaliana seedlings were treated in hydroponic cultures with Pb during 3 days, by adding or not 40 µM Pb(NO3)2.
Project description:The wild type Col-0 plants and the Sku-6 mutant plants of the Col-0 background were germinated on ISS or on the ground and the gene expression profiles in roots at 4 days or 8 days were established. The Sku6 gene (At2g03680) codes for a protein that localizes to microtubule within the cortical array and putatively acting as an intramolecular linker. The development of Col-0 and Sku-6 plants on orbit differs from that on the ground as demonstrated by the comparison of the gene expression profiles between 4 days old to 8 days old plant in the two environments. However the development of Sku-6 mutant plants also differs from Col-0 at either age and in either environment, suggesting the role of the genetic background in these developmental decisions. The 4 days old Sku-6 roots in orbit engaged more genes than the 4 days old Col-0 roots in orbit but also more than the 4 days old Sku-6 roots on the ground. Overall the 4 days old roots differentially expressed more genes in spaceflight relative to ground than the 8 days old roots of either genotype.
Project description:F1 hybrids can outperform their parents in yield and vegetative biomass, features of hybrid vigor which form the basis of the hybrid seed industry. The yield advantage of the F1 is lost in the F2 and subsequent generations. In Arabidopsis, from F2 plants which have a F1 –like phenotype, we have by recurrent selection produced pure breeding F5/F6 lines “Hybrid Mimics”, in which the characteristics of the F1 Hybrid are stabilized. These Hybrid Mimic lines, like the F1 Hybrid, have larger leaves than the parent plant, the leaves having increased photosynthetic cell numbers, and in some lines increased size of cells, suggesting an increased supply of photosynthate. A comparison of the differentially expressed genes in the F1 Hybrid with those of eight Hybrid Mimic lines has identified metabolic pathways altered in both; these pathways include down regulation of defense response pathways and altered abiotic response pathways. F6 Hybrid Mimic lines are mostly homozygous at each locus in the genome yet retain the large F1-like phenotype. Many alleles in the F6 plants, when they are homozygous, have expression levels different to the level in the parent. We consider this altered expression to be a consequence of trans-regulation of genes from one parent by genes from the other parent. Transregulation could also arise from epigenetic modifications in the F1. The pure breeding Hybrid Mimics have been valuable in probing the mechanisms of hybrid vigor and may also prove to be useful hybrid vigor equivalents in agriculture.
Project description:F1 hybrids can outperform their parents in yield and vegetative biomass, features of hybrid vigor which form the basis of the hybrid seed industry. The yield advantage of the F1 is lost in the F2 and subsequent generations. In Arabidopsis, from F2 plants which have a F1 –like phenotype, we have by recurrent selection produced pure breeding F5/F6 lines “Hybrid Mimics”, in which the characteristics of the F1 Hybrid are stabilized. These Hybrid Mimic lines, like the F1 Hybrid, have larger leaves than the parent plant, the leaves having increased photosynthetic cell numbers, and in some lines increased size of cells, suggesting an increased supply of photosynthate. A comparison of the differentially expressed genes in the F1 Hybrid with those of eight Hybrid Mimic lines has identified metabolic pathways altered in both; these pathways include down regulation of defense response pathways and altered abiotic response pathways. F6 Hybrid Mimic lines are mostly homozygous at each locus in the genome yet retain the large F1-like phenotype. Many alleles in the F6 plants, when they are homozygous, have expression levels different to the level in the parent. We consider this altered expression to be a consequence of trans-regulation of genes from one parent by genes from the other parent. Transregulation could also arise from epigenetic modifications in the F1. The pure breeding Hybrid Mimics have been valuable in probing the mechanisms of hybrid vigor and may also prove to be useful hybrid vigor equivalents in agriculture.
Project description:Arabidopsis thaliana plants were grown from seeds. Roots of 7 day old plants were inoculated with L. bicolor. After 2 days, leaves were harvested, shock frozen in liquid nitrogen and prepared for RNA extraction
Project description:Arabidopsis thaliana plants were grown from seeds in Petri dishes on MS medium. 4 days old plants were co-incubated with L. bicolor without physical contact. Roots were harvested after 0, 2, 4 and 7 days of co-incubation, rosette leaves were harvested after 4 days of co-incubation.
Project description:au08-04_dfo - analysis of deferoxamine treated leaves and roots - What are the effects of the siderophore deferoxamine on Arabidopsis leaves and roots? - Plants were allowed to grow for 5-6 weeks. The nutrient solution contains 0.25 mM Ca(NO3)2.4H2O, 1mM KH2PO4, 0.5 mM KNO3, 1mM MgSO4.7H2O, 50 µM H3BO3, 19 µM MnCl2.4H2O, 10 µM ZnCl2, 1 µM CuSO4.5H2O, 0.02 µM Na2MoO4.2H2O and 50 µM FeNa-EDTA. Plants were subjected to an 8 h light/16 h dark cycle, at 19°C, with 70% relative humidity. Leaves of six week old hydroponically grown A. thaliana Col0 plants were infiltrated with 1mM deferoxamine or sterile distilled water. Leaves were harvested 7 and 24 h.p.i. Keywords: time course,treated vs untreated comparison
Project description:The development of Col-0 and WS plants on orbit differs from that on the ground as demonstrated by the comparison of the gene expression profiles between 4 days old to 8 days old plant in the two environments. The Col-0 plants used different genes reflecting different physiological processes than WS plants, suggesting the role of the genetic background in the developmental decisions. The 4 days old Col-0 plant in orbit showed deficit in wax and suberin production relatively to the 8 days old plants, the difference unregistered on the ground. There was more dramatic difference in the overexpression of the root system development and anatomical structure development genes in 8 days old plants than in 4 days old plant in both genotypes on the ground than in flight, implying smaller root developmental gap between 4 days and 8 days old roots in orbit. The WS plant uniquely showed overexpression of the photosynthesis related genes in the 4 days old roots relative to 8 days old root in the spaceflight environment but not on the ground. The seeds germinated in the novel growth environment of ISS implemented different developmental strategies as captured by the genes expression patterns, than seeds developing on the ground.
Project description:Simulating predicted future climate conditions, stress response and stress-related memory after one week of recovery were transcriptionally characterised in young and old leaves, phloem-bark, developing xylem and roots of 3-month-old Grey poplar plants that had undergone three weeks of stress or were kept under control conditions. The control conditions include ambient or elevated CO2 levels (380 μL L-1 and 500 μL L-1, respectively) with a daily maximum temperature of 27 °C. The stress conditions include a periodic and a chronic drought-heat scenario at elevated CO2 levels (500 μL L-1) with a daily maximum temperature of 33 °C. The periodic stress treatment included three cycles of reduced irrigation (50%, 60% and 70% reduction compared with the controls), each one lasting for six days; between the cycles, there were recovery periods with a duration of two days and a daily maximum temperature of 27 °C. In the chronic stress treatment, irrigation was gradually reduced for 22 days, down to 70% reduction compared with the controls. Three biological replicates were examined per group defined by a specific environmental condition (droughtPER: periodic stress, droughtCHR: chronic stress, control500: elevated CO2 control, control380: ambient CO2 control), a specific harvesting time (S: stress phase, R: recovery phase) and a specific tissue (LE1: young leaves, LE2: old leaves, PHL: phloem-bark, XYL: developing xylem, ROO: roots). For stress phase ambient CO2 control in old leaves, one replicate failed quality control.