Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Loss of soluble guanylate cyclase, the major nitric oxide receptor, leads to moyamoya and achalasia.

ABSTRACT: Background: Moyamoya is a cerebrovascular condition of unknown mechanism characterized by a progressive stenosis of the terminal part of the internal carotid arteries (ICA) and the compensatory development of abnormal “moyamoya” vessels. It leads to ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. We describe a novel autosomal recessive disease leading to severe moyamoya and early onset achalasia and report its cause in 3 unrelated families. Methods: We used a combination of genetic linkage and exome sequencing in 2 consanguineous to identify rare shared variants. Sanger sequencing of GUCY1A3, the sole gene mutated in both families, was then conducted in the third family. Platelets from one of the patients and controls were used to carry out functional studies. Results: Homozygous mutations of GUCY1A3 gene encoding the alpha1 subunit of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), the major receptor for Nitric Oxide (NO), were identified in all 3 families. Platelet analysis showed a complete loss of the mutated protein and showed an unexpected stimulatory role of sGC within platelets. Conclusion: The NO/sGC/cGMP pathway is a major pathway controlling vascular smooth muscle (VSMC) relaxation, vascular tone and vascular remodeling. Our data suggest that alterations of this pathway may lead to an abnormal vascular remodeling process in sensitive vascular areas with low blood A total of 17 samples (8 affected and 9 unaffected) were used for this study. Linkage analysis was performed in a single informative consanguine family composed of 2 unaffected parents, 4 affected siblings and 3 unaffected siblings. Two affected samples in two different families were used for the exome sequencing analysis and results were compared to 20 control exomes (in-house exomes from IntegraGen, Evry, France) and 8 HapMap exomes. All samples were used for Sanger Sequencing confirmation.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

SUBMITTER: Anne Philippi

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-48099 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:The Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome (SCLS) is an extremely rare, orphan disease that resembles systemic anaphylaxis. The disorder is characterized by repeated, transient, and seemingly unprovoked episodes of hypotensive shock and peripheral edema due to transient endothelial hyperpermeability. SCLS is often accompanied by a monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS). Using Affymetrix Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) microarrays, we performed the first genome-wide SNP analysis of SCLS in a cohort of 12 disease subjects and 18 controls. Exome capture sequencing was performed on genomic DNA from nine of these patients as validation for the SNP-chip discoveries and de novo data generation. We identified candidate susceptibility loci for SCLS, which included a region flanking CAV3 (3p25.3) as well as SNP clusters in PON1 (7q21.3), PSORS1C1 (6p21.3), and CHCHD3 (7q33). Among the most highly ranked discoveries were gene-associated SNPs in the uncharacterized LOC100130480 gene (rs6417039, rs2004296). Top case-associated SNPs were observed in BTRC (rs1235580, 3rs4436485), ARHGEF18 (rs11668246), CDH13 (rs4782779), and EDG2 (rs12552348), which encode proteins with known or suspected roles in B cell function and/or vascular integrity. SNPs that were significantly associated with SCLS by microarray analysis were also detected and validated by exome deep sequencing. Functional annotation of highly ranked SNPs revealed enrichment of cell projections, cell junctions and adhesion, and molecules containing pleckstrin homology, Ras/Rho regulatory, and immunoglobulin Ig-like C2/fibronectin type III domains, all of which involve mechanistic functions that correlate with the SCLS phenotype. These results highlight SNPs with potential relevance to SCLS. Our study cohort included 12 patients with SCLS. The control group included 17 age, sex and ethnicity-matched healthy donors (including two relatives of SCLS patients), and a reference sample supplied by the SNP-chip manufacturer (Affymetrix), for which age information was not available. Affymetrix SNP arrays were performed according to the manufacturer's directions on DNA extracted from purified B lymphocytes.

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Loss of soluble guanylate cyclase, the major nitric oxide receptor, leads to moyamoya and achalasia.

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