Multiplexed Illumina sequencing libraries from picogram quantities of DNA
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT: High throughput sequencing is frequently used to discover the location of regulatory interactions on chromatin. However, techniques that enrich DNA where regulatory activity takes place, such as chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), often yield less DNA than optimal for sequencing library preparation. Existing protocols for picogram-scale libraries require concomitant fragmentation of DNA, pre-amplification, or long overnight steps. We report a simple and fast library construction method that produces libraries from sub-nanogram quantities of DNA. This protocol yields conventional libraries with barcodes suitable for multiplexed sample analysis on the Illumina platform. We demonstrate the utility of this method by constructing a ChIP-seq library from 100 pg of ChIP DNA that demonstrates equivalent genomic coverage of target regions to a library produced from a larger scale experiment. Application of this method allows whole genome studies from samples where material or yields are limiting. Comparison of ChIP-seq libraries constructed from 100 pg DNA (this study) and nanograms of DNA (modENCODE). ChIP antibody: H3K27me3, Active Motif 31955.
Project description:High throughput sequencing is frequently used to discover the location of regulatory interactions on chromatin. However, techniques that enrich DNA where regulatory activity takes place, such as chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), often yield less DNA than optimal for sequencing library preparation. Existing protocols for picogram-scale libraries require concomitant fragmentation of DNA, pre-amplification, or long overnight steps. We report a simple and fast library construction method that produces libraries from sub-nanogram quantities of DNA. This protocol yields conventional libraries with barcodes suitable for multiplexed sample analysis on the Illumina platform. We demonstrate the utility of this method by constructing a ChIP-seq library from 100 pg of ChIP DNA that demonstrates equivalent genomic coverage of target regions to a library produced from a larger scale experiment. Application of this method allows whole genome studies from samples where material or yields are limiting.
Project description:Next-generation sequencing has been widely used for the genome-wide profiling of histone modifications, transcription factor binding and gene expression through chromatin immunoprecipitated DNA sequencing (ChIP-seq) and cDNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Here, we describe a versatile library construction method that can be applied to both ChIP-seq and RNA-seq on the widely used Illumina platforms. Standard methods for ChIP-seq library construction require nanograms of starting DNA, substantially limiting its application to rare cell types or limited clinical samples. By minimizing the DNA purification steps that cause major sample loss, our method achieved a high sensitivity in ChIP-seq library preparation. Using this method, we achieved the following: (1) generated high-quality epigenomic and transcription factor-binding maps using ChIP-seq for murine adipocytes; (2) successfully prepared a ChIP-seq library from as little as 25 pg of starting DNA; (3) achieved paired-end sequencing of the ChIP-seq libraries; (4) systematically profiled gene expression dynamics during murine adipogenesis using RNA-seq; and (5) preserved the strand specificity of the transcripts in RNA-seq. Given its sensitivity and versatility in both double-stranded and single-stranded DNA library construction, this method has wide applications in genomic, epigenomic, transcriptomic and interactomic studies. Pre-adipocytes and mature adipocytes were collected. Their chromatin and RNA were subjected to ChIP and mRNA extraction. Sequencing libraries from ChIP DNA or mRNA were generated following either standard protocols or TELP method. The quality and features of TELP libraries were proved and demonstrated in comparison with standard libraries or other published data.
Project description:Next-generation sequencing has been widely used for the genome-wide profiling of histone modifications, transcription factor binding and gene expression through chromatin immunoprecipitated DNA sequencing (ChIP-seq) and cDNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Here, we describe a versatile library construction method that can be applied to both ChIP-seq and RNA-seq on the widely used Illumina platforms. Standard methods for ChIP-seq library construction require nanograms of starting DNA, substantially limiting its application to rare cell types or limited clinical samples. By minimizing the DNA purification steps that cause major sample loss, our method achieved a high sensitivity in ChIP-seq library preparation. Using this method, we achieved the following: (1) generated high-quality epigenomic and transcription factor-binding maps using ChIP-seq for murine adipocytes; (2) successfully prepared a ChIP-seq library from as little as 25 pg of starting DNA; (3) achieved paired-end sequencing of the ChIP-seq libraries; (4) systematically profiled gene expression dynamics during murine adipogenesis using RNA-seq; and (5) preserved the strand specificity of the transcripts in RNA-seq. Given its sensitivity and versatility in both double-stranded and single-stranded DNA library construction, this method has wide applications in genomic, epigenomic, transcriptomic and interactomic studies.
Project description:SDL-TOPO protocol was applied for the detection of lagging-strand in replicating budding yeast strain. Genomic DNA was extracted from cdc9 mutant strain, and served for library preparation with SDL-TOPO. To see the sensitivity of SDL-TOPO for the detection of lagging strand, various amounts of genomic DNA were used for the library preparation: 75 ng, 25 ng, 7.5 ng, 2.5 ng, 750 pg, 250 pg, 75 pg, and 25 pg. The prepared libraries were sequenced on Illumina iSeq100 with paired-end mode of 150x2. Only read 1 was served for mapping with bowtie2 against reference sequence sacSer3. The mapped reads were separated strand specifically, and read depths were visualized. The strand-biased mapping patterens were observed for libraries prepared from each amount of input DNA.
Project description:RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) is a de novo DNA methylation mechanism in plants that plays a fundamental role in plant defence against invasive DNA and in maintaining genome stability by silencing transposons and repetitive sequences. Using nuclear RNA immunoprecipitation, we constructed a highly enriched library and obtained sequences of ncRNAs specifically associated with Argonaute 4 (AGO4), a key component of RNA-directed DNA methylation. A negative immunoprecipation (IP) library was prepared using IP RNA from tissues that don't express the target protein. A nuclear RNA library was also prepared using nuclei isolated RNA. Three libraries (1X FLAGAGO4 IP, 1X negative IP, 1X nuclear RNA). RNA-IP or nuclear RNA seq cDNA libraries were prepared using the template-switch cDNA library preparation method derived from Zhao et al (2010), and subjected to Illumina GAIIx single end sequencing (100bp)
Project description:Deep sequencing of strand-specific cDNA libraries is now a ubiquitous tool for identifying and quantifying RNAs in diverse sample types. The accuracy of conclusions drawn from these analyses depends on precise and quantitative conversion of the RNA sample into a DNA library suitable for sequencing. Here, we describe an optimized method of preparing strand-specific RNA deep sequencing libraries from small RNAs, variably sized RNA fragments obtained from ribonucleoprotein particle footprinting experiments or fragmentation of long RNAs. Our approach works across a wide range of input amounts (400 pg to 200 ng), is easy to follow and produces a library in 2–3 days at relatively low reagent cost, all while giving the user complete control over every step. Because all enzymatic reactions were optimized and driven to apparent completion, sequence diversity and species abundance in the input sample are well preserved.
Project description:ChIP-seq is used to map transcription factor occupancy and generate epigenetic profiles genome-wide. The requirement of nano-scale ChIP DNA for generation of sequencing libraries has impeded ChIP-seq on in vivo tissues of low cell numbers. We describe a robust, simple and scalable methodology for ChIP-seq of low-abundant cell populations, reliably amplifying 50 pg of ChIP DNA, corresponding to ~30,000 input cells for transcription factor ChIP (CEBPA) and 3,000 cells for histone mark ChIP (H3K27me3). This represents a significant advance compared to existing technologies, which involve complex and time-consuming steps of pre-amplification, making them susceptible to experimental biases. ChIP-seq of histone modifications H3K27me3 (2 biological replicates (I+II) , 2 ng input), H3K4me3 (2 biological replicates (II+III), 2 ng input), transcription factor CEBPA (2 biological replicates (I+II), 300 pg input), 4 diluted CEBPA libraries (pool of ChIP from 3 biol. replicates (I+II+III) 3x 100 pg input, 1x 50 pg). Additonal ChIP-seq using 10,000 cells, 1 biological replicate of each H3K4me3 and CEBPA.
Project description:Deep sequencing of strand-specific cDNA libraries is now a ubiquitous tool for identifying and quantifying RNAs in diverse sample types. The accuracy of conclusions drawn from these analyses depends on precise and quantitative conversion of the RNA sample into a DNA library suitable for sequencing. Here, we describe an optimized method of preparing strand-specific RNA deep sequencing libraries from small RNAs, variably sized RNA fragments obtained from ribonucleoprotein particle footprinting experiments or fragmentation of long RNAs. Our approach works across a wide range of input amounts (400 pg to 200 ng), is easy to follow and produces a library in 2–3 days at relatively low reagent cost, all while giving the user complete control over every step. Because all enzymatic reactions were optimized and driven to apparent completion, sequence diversity and species abundance in the input sample are well preserved. Deep sequencing libraries from either a randomized RNA oligo or an equimolar miRNA mix were analyzed for evenness of capture.
Project description:Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by deep sequencing (ChIP-seq) and its ultra-high resolution cousin ChIP-exo are methods that identify where proteins bind along any genome in vivo. ChIP-exo achieves near-base pair resolution by creating exonuclease stop sites just 5’ to where formaldehyde-induced protein-DNA cross-links occur. Whereas construction of ChIP genomic libraries is straightforward and widely adopted for ChIP-seq, ChIP-exo is technically more involved which has resulted in limited adoption. Here we describe multiple ChIP-exo protocols, each with use-specific advantages and limitations. The new versions are greatly simplified through removal of multiple enzymatic steps. This is achieved in part through the use of Tn5 tagmentation and/or single-stranded DNA ligation. The result is greater library yields, lower processing time, and lower cost. A similar streamlined approach was developed for ChIP-seq, called ChIP-seq 1-step, where library construction is achieved in one-step.
Project description:Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by deep sequencing (ChIP-seq) and its ultra-high resolution cousin ChIP-exo are methods that identify where proteins bind along any genome in vivo. ChIP-exo achieves near-base pair resolution by creating exonuclease stop sites just 5’ to where formaldehyde-induced protein-DNA cross-links occur. Whereas construction of ChIP genomic libraries is straightforward and widely adopted for ChIP-seq, ChIP-exo is technically more involved which has resulted in limited adoption. Here we describe multiple ChIP-exo protocols, each with use-specific advantages and limitations. The new versions are greatly simplified through removal of multiple enzymatic steps. This is achieved in part through the use of Tn5 tagmentation and/or single-stranded DNA ligation. The result is greater library yields, lower processing time, and lower cost. A similar streamlined approach was developed for ChIP-seq, called ChIP-seq 1-step, where library construction is achieved in one-step.