Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Expression analysis of shoots in Olea europaea cultivar M-bM-^@M-^XArbequinaM-bM-^@M-^Y collected at different growth time

ABSTRACT: Genetic changes involved in the juvenile-to-adult transition in the shoot apex of Olea europaea L. occurs years before the first flowering. For the study of the genetic-expression pattern over development, 21 seedlings originating from open pollination of olive cultivar M-bM-^@M-^XArbequinaM-bM-^@M-^Y were grown in a greenhouse in Centro IFAPA M-bM-^@M-^\ChurrianaM-bM-^@M-^] MM-CM-!laga, Spain. At the sixth month the apical shoot was removed and kept for genomic analysis. Any lateral shoot was removed to force the growth along just one axis. Every three months a new (1 cm long) apical-shoot tip was taken, which included the meristem down to two very small young leaves. When the apical-shoot tip is removed the two lateral buds immediately below are activated, one of them is removed, and the other one becomes the new apical-shoot tip. Seedlings reaching 50 nodes or 1 m high were allowed to form a top canopy. From then, the samples were taken from apical shoots of higher branches. We analyzed samples taken from the seedling/tree No 11, in a dense time-course study by microarray analysis. According to the nature of the samples, i.e. the main apical shoots, we had to use single samples during the first 6 to 15 months of growth. This limits the use of the statistics for this period but is compensated for by providing a series of consecutive data that make it possible to ascertain the time course of gene expression over plant development.

ORGANISM(S): Olea europaea

SUBMITTER: Antonio MuM-CM-1oz

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-52213 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:The Oryza longistaminata is a perennial wild rice species with AA genome, which characterized by the presence of rhizomatous stem. The rhizomatousness trait in rice was previously identified quantitatively controlled by many genes, but the molecular mechanism related to the rhizome initiation and elongation is still unknown. In this study, the specific gene expression patterns across five tissues in O. longistaminata, especially in the rhizome were characterized by using the Affymetrix rice microarray platform, the rhizome-specific expressed genes and its corresponding regulatory were further analyzed. The different gene sets were determined exclusively expressed in five tissues; strikingly 58 genes with functions related to transcription regulation and cell proliferation were identified as prevalent sets in rhizome tip, of them, several genes were functionally involved in tiller initiation and elongation. And a set of genes were differentially regulated in the rhizome tip relative to shoot tip, the predominant repressed genes are involved in photosynthesis, while genes related to phytohormone and the gene families with redundancy function were obviously differentially regulated. Several cis-regulatory elements, including CGACG, GCCCORE, GAGAC and a Myb Core, were highly enriched in rhizome tip or internode, and two cis-elements such as RY repeat and TAAAG, which implicated in the ABA signaling pathway, were found overrepresented in the rhizome tip in comparison with shoot tip. A few rhizome-specific expressed genes were co-localized on the rhizome-related QTLs regions, indicating these genes may be good functional candidates for the rhizome related gene cloning. The whole genome profiling of oryza longistaminata indicated that a very complex gene regulatory network underlies rhizome development and growth, and there might be an overlapping regulatory mechanism in the establishment of rhizome and tiller. Phytohormone such as IAA and GA are involved in the signaling pathway in determining rhizome. Several cis-elements enriched in rhizome and the identified rhizome-specific genes co-localized on the rhizome-related QTL intervals provide a base for further dissection of the molecular mechanism of rhizomatousness In this study, the specific gene expression patterns across five tissues including rhizome tip (RT, distal 1 cm of the young rhizome), rhizome internodes (RI), shoot tip (ST, distal 5 mm of the tiller after removing all leaves), shoot internodes (SI) and young leaf (YL) in O. longistaminata, especially in the rhizome were characterized by using the Affymetrix rice microarray platform.

Project description:Adventitious root formation at the base of plant cuttings is an innate de novo organogenesis process that allows massive vegetative propagation of many economically and ecologically important species. The early molecular events following shoot excision are not well understood. Using whole-genome microarrays, we detected significant transcriptome remodeling during 48 hours following shoot removal in Populus softwood cuttings in the absence of exogenous auxin, with 27% and 36% of the gene models showing differential abundance between 0 and 6 hours, and 6 and 24 hours, respectively. During these two time intervals, gene networks involved in protein turnover, protein phosphorylation, molecular transport and translation were among the most significantly regulated. Transgenic lines expressing a constitutively active form of the Populus type-B response regulator PtRR13 (ÎDDKPtRR13) have a delayed rooting phenotype and cause misregulation of COV1, a negative regulator of vascularization; PDR9, an auxin efflux transporter; two AP2/ERF genes with sequence similarity to TINY1. Cytokinin action appeared to disrupt root development 24 hours after shoot excision, when root founder cells are hypothesized to be sensitive to the negative effects of cytokinin. Our results suggest that PtRR13 acts downstream of cytokinin to repress adventitious root formation in intact plants, and that reduced cytokinin signaling after shoot excision enables coordinated expression of ethylene, auxin and vascularization pathways leading to adventitious root development. Populus tremula x Populus alba INRA-clone No. 717-1-B4 plants expressing a constitutively active form of the Populus type-B response regulator PtRR13 (ÎDDKPtRR13) were generated via an Agrobacterium-mediated protocol developed by Han et al. (2000). Non-transgenic and ÎDDKPtRR13 line were grown to a height of 60 cm. A 14 cm tall apical cuttings were collected from the mother plants. Cuttings were placed in 25 cm2 pots Fafard mix #4 and placed on a mist bench with intermittent mist to prevent shoot desiccation. Samples were collected at the indicated time points and consisted of a 5 mm section measured up from the base of the cutting (one sample per cutting). Total RNA was extracted with the RNeasy mini kit (Qiagen USA) and DNase treated in-column with the RNase-Free DNase set (Qiagen USA). Double-stranded cDNA was synthesized using SuperScript Double Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (Invitrogen USA, Carlsbad, CA) with oligo-dT primers following the manufacturerâs protocol except that the synthesis step was extended to 16 hours. Cy-3 labeling and hybridization steps were performed by NimbleGen using their standard procedures. A custom-designed microarray platform was used comprising single 60-mer probes designed against 55,793 annotated gene models from the sequenced genome of P. trichocarpa. Each 60-mer probe was chosen form a group of 6-7 non-overlapping probes designed against different parts of the gene model. The probe whose value was the most similar to the average of 6-7 experimental probes was assumed to be the most reliable for transcript level estimation. A total of 39 microarray chips were used in these experiments: 39 chips = 2 genotypes (NT and ÎDDK) x 4 time points (0, 6, 24 and 48 hours) x 5 biological replications, except for the 0 hour ÎDDK where 4 biological replications were used. Signal intensities were log2 transformed and quantile normalized (Sugiharto et al., 1992). Normalized signals were analyzed in SAS 9.1 (SAS Institute, Cary, NC) using a mixed model analysis of variance (ANOVA) with genotype and genotype by time interactions as fixed effects, and biological replication as a random effect.

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Expression analysis of shoots in Olea europaea cultivar M-bM-^@M-^XArbequinaM-bM-^@M-^Y collected at different growth time

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