Infinium Monkeys: Infinium 450K array for the Cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis) RRBS-seq
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ABSTRACT: Infinium 450K is a hybridization array designed for the human genome, but the relative conservation between the macaque and human genomes makes its use in macaques feasible. We used the Infinium450K array to assay twelve Cynomolgus macaque muscle biopsies and compared it to Reduced Representation Bisulphite Sequencing (RRBS) data generated on the same samples. Muscle biopsies were performed on eleven adult male cynomologus macaques
Project description:Infinium 450K is a hybridization array designed for the human genome, but the relative conservation between the macaque and human genomes makes its use in macaques feasible. We used the Infinium450K array to assay twelve Cynomolgus macaque muscle biopsies and compared it to Reduced Representation Bisulphite Sequencing (RRBS) data generated on the same samples. Muscle biopsies were performed on eleven adult male cynomologus macaques
Project description:Deep sequencing of mRNA from two macaques, crab-eating macaque and Indian rhesus macaque Analysis of ploy(A)+ RNA of different specimens:brain,ileum,kidney,liver,testes and white adipose for crab-eating macaque while brain,heart,,kidney,liver,quadriceps and testes for Indian rhesus macaque
Project description:Infinium 450K is a hybridization array designed for the human genome, but the relative conservation between the macaque and human genomes makes its use in macaques feasible. We used the Infinium450K array to assay twelve Cynomolgus macaque muscle biopsies and compared it to Reduced Representation Bisulphite Sequencing (RRBS) data generated on the same samples.
Project description:Infinium 450K is a hybridization array designed for the human genome, but the relative conservation between the macaque and human genomes makes its use in macaques feasible. We used the Infinium450K array to assay twelve Cynomolgus macaque muscle biopsies and compared it to Reduced Representation Bisulphite Sequencing (RRBS) data generated on the same samples.
Project description:Small RNA including microRNA (miRNA) and Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) play important roles in germline maintenance and maturation in wide variety of species. Relatively little however is known about role played by miRNA in male germline maturation in humans and closely related primate species. Here we focused on rhesus macaques as a model species closely related to humans to study small RNA expression in testis samples throughout postnatal development and maturation. We observe clear transition in miRNA and piRNA expression resulting in the overall increase of piRNA expression levels and corresponding decrease in miRNA expression. Unexpectedly, this transition takes place at approximately one year of age – far earlier then rhesus macaque sexual maturation occurring at 4-5 years of age. Notably, contradictory to the overall trend of expression decline, a group of 29 miRNA showed marked expression increase in macaque testis at approximately five years of age – the time interval associated with sexual maturation. Keywords: miRNA piRNA Age Series Rhesus macaque post-mortem testicle samples were collected. The age ranges of the indibiual in rhesus macaque covered the whole life span fom newborn to death.
Project description:78 tissue samples from prefrontal cortex (PFC) in human and macaque The data from human and macaque PFC samples with different ages were used to estimate gene expression changes, including both protein-coding genes and lincRNAs, in PFC along lifespan in the two species.
Project description:We have quantified gene expression in five tissues (brain, heart, kidney, liver and testis) from humans, chimpanzees and rhesus macaques using the Illumina NlaIII Digital Gene Expression (DGE) protocol. This dataset extends a previous microarray study by Khaitovich et al. (Khaitovich et al. 2005) with the rhesus macaque outgroup and complements other previously generated tissue transcriptome profiles from primates (Enard et al. 2002; Khaitovich et al. 2006; Somel et al. 2009; Babbitt et al. 2010; Blekhman et al. 2010; Wetterbom et al. 2010). contributor: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany Samples were obtained from brain (pre-frontal cortex), heart, kidney, liver, and testis tissues of male humans, chimpanzees and rhesus macaques. Illumina NlaIII DGE libraries for all samples were generated in tissue batches, randomizing species in library preparation and sequencing. Human samples originate from different, probably unrelated, individuals for each tissue. For chimpanzees and rhesus macaques the libraries for all tissues come from the same set of individuals and among these are individuals related at the half- and full-sibling level. Due to limited access to samples, the analysis could not be limited to individuals of similar age. Human individuals vary between 5 and 88 years of age, chimpanzees between 6 years and 35 years of age and rhesus macaques between 3 and 9 years of age.
Project description:Macaque species share over 93% genome homology with humans and develop many disease phenotypes similar to those of humans, making them valuable animal models for the study of human diseases (e.g.,HIV and neurodegenerative diseases). However, the quality of genome assembly and annotation for several macaque species lags behind the human genome effort. To close this gap and enhance functional genomics approaches, we employed a combination of de novo linked-read assembly and scaffolding using proximity ligation assay (HiC) to assemble the pig-tailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina) genome. This combinatorial method yielded large scaffolds at chromosome-level with a scaffold N50 of 127.5 Mb; the 23 largest scaffolds covered 90% of the entire genome. This assembly revealed large-scale rearrangements between pig-tailed macaque chromosomes 7, 12, and 13 and human chromosomes 2, 14, and 15. We subsequently annotated the genome using transcriptome and proteomics data from personalized induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from the same animal. Reconstruction of the evolutionary tree using whole genome annotation and orthologous comparisons among three macaque species, human and mouse genomes revealed extensive homology between human and pig-tailed macaques with regards to both pluripotent stem cell genes and innate immune gene pathways. Our results confirm that rhesus and cynomolgus macaques exhibit a closer evolutionary distance to each other than either species exhibits to humans or pig-tailed macaques. These findings demonstrate that pig-tailed macaques can serve as an excellent animal model for the study of many human diseases particularly with regards to pluripotency and innate immune pathways.
Project description:Gene expression changes determine functional differentiation during development and are associated with functional decline during aging. While developmental changes are tightly regulated, regulation of aging changes is not well established. To assess the regulatory basis of age-related changes and investigate the mechanism of regulatory transition between development and aging, we measured mRNA and microRNA expression patterns in brains (superior frontal gyrus) of humans and rhesus macaques over the entire speciesâ lifespan. We find that in both species, developmental and aging changes overlap in the course of lifetime with many changes found at the late age initiating in early childhood. Human post-mortem brain samples from the superior frontal gyrus region of the prefrontal cortex were collected. The age ranges of the indibiual in human covered its whole life span fom newborn to death. RNA extracted from the dissected tissue was hybridized to Affymetrix® Human Gene 1.0 ST arrays. Rhesus macaque post-mortem brain samples from the superior frontal gyrus region of the prefrontal cortex were collected. The age ranges of the indibiual in rhesus macaque covered the whole life span fom newborn to death. RNA extracted from the dissected tissue was hybridized to Affymetrix® Human Gene 1.0 ST arrays.