Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

Dataset Information

A Human Model of Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Using Neural Crest-Derived Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

ABSTRACT: There is a growing recognition of cerebrovascular contribution to neurodegenerative diseases. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), characterised by amyloid-beta (AM-NM-2) deposits in the walls of intracerebral and leptomeningeal arteries, is evident in a majority of AlzheimerM-bM-^@M-^Ys disease patients and aged people. Here, we leverage on human pluripotent stem cells to generate vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) from neural crest progenitors, recapitulating brain vasculature-specific attributes in AM-NM-2 metabolism. We confirm that the lipoprotein receptor, LRP1, functions in our neural crest-derived SMCs to mediate AM-NM-2 uptake and intracellular proteasomal degradation. Hypoxia significantly compromises the ability of SMCs in AM-NM-2 clearance by suppressing LRP1 expression. This enables us to develop an assay of AM-NM-2 uptake using the neural crest-derived SMCs with hypoxia as a stress paradigm. We then tested several vascular protective compounds in a high throughput format, demonstrating the value of stem cell-based phenotypic screening for novel CAA therapeutics and drug repurposing. We adopted our previous SMC differentiation protocol (Cheung et al., 2012) to differentiate this intermediate neural crest population using platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB, 10 ng/ml) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-M-NM-21, 2ng/ml) for another 12 days. The resultant neural crest-derived SMCs (NCSMC) were then characterised in comparison to neuroectoderm-derived SMCs (NESMC) (Cheung et al., 2012) and positive control, human brain vascular SMCs (BVSMC).

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

SUBMITTER: Jingxian Zhang

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-55173 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Modeling cerebrovascular pathophysiology in amyloid-β metabolism using neural-crest-derived smooth muscle cells.

Cheung Christine C Goh Yeek Teck YT Zhang Jingxian J Wu Chenghan C Guccione Ernesto E

Cell reports 20141002 1

There is growing recognition of cerebrovascular contributions to neurodegenerative diseases. In the walls of cerebral arteries, amyloid-beta (Aβ) accumulation is evident in a majority of aged people and patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Here, we leverage human pluripotent stem cells to generate vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) from neural crest progenitors, recapitulating brain-vasculature-specific attributes of Aβ metabolism. We confirm that the lipoprotein receptor, LRP1, functions ...[more]

PMID: 25284792

Similar Datasets

Project description:Pericytes are multifunctional contractile cells that reside on capillaries. Pericytes are critical regulators of cerebral blood flow and blood-brain barrier function, and pericyte dysfunction may contribute to the pathophysiology of human neurological diseases including Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and stroke. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived pericytes (iPericytes) are a promising tool for vascular research. However, it is unclear how iPericytes functionally compare to primary human brain vascular pericytes (HBVPs). We differentiated iPSCs into iPericytes of either the mesoderm or neural crest lineage using established protocols. We compared iPericyte and HBVP morphologies, quantified gene expression by qPCR and bulk RNA sequencing, and visualised pericyte protein markers by immunocytochemistry. To determine whether the gene expression of neural crest iPericytes, mesoderm iPericytes or HBVPs correlated with their functional characteristics in vitro, we quantified EdU incorporation following exposure to the key pericyte mitogen, platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB and, contraction and relaxation in response to the vasoconstrictor endothelin-1 or vasodilator adenosine, respectively. iPericytes were morphologically similar to HBVPs and expressed canonical pericyte markers. Consistent with the ability of HBVPs to respond to PDGF-BB signalling, PDGF-BB enhanced and PDGF receptor (PDGFR)β inhibitors impaired iPericyte proliferation. Administration of endothelin-1 led to iPericyte contraction and adenosine led to iPericyte relaxation, of a magnitude similar to the response evoked in HBVPs. We determined that neural crest iPericytes were less susceptible to PDGFRβ inhibition, but responded most robustly to vasoactive meditators. iPericytes express pericyte-associated genes and proteins and, exhibit an appropriate physiological response upon exposure to a key endogenous mitogen or vasoactive mediators. Therefore, this protocol to generate functional iPericytes would be suitable for use in future investigations exploring pericyte function or dysfunction in neurological diseases.

Project description:Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor-2 is Induced by Fluid Shear Stress in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Affects Cell Proliferation and Survival Introduction: Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are exposed to fluid shear stress (FSS) after interventional procedures such as balloon-angioplasty. Whereas the effects of hemodynamic forces on endothelial cells are explored in detail, the influence of FSS on smooth muscle cell function is poorly characterized. Here, we investigated the effect of FSS on SMC gene expression and function. Methods: Laminar FSS of arterial level (14 dynes/cm2) was applied to SMC cultures for 24 h in a parallel-plate flow chamber. The effect of FSS on gene expression was first screened with microarray technology and the results further verified by real time (RT) PCR and immunoblotting. Protein expression was also studied in the rat carotid artery after balloon-injury and DNA synthesis and apoptosis was examined in SMCs in vitro. Results: Microarrays identified tissue-pathway inhibitor-2 (TFPI-2) as the most differentially expressed gene by FSS in cultured SMCs. The regulatory effect of FSS on the expression of TFPI-2 was confirmed by RT-PCR and immunobloting demonstrating a more than 400-fold increase in TFPI-2 expression in SMCs exposed to FSS compared to static controls and a consistent upregulation at the protein level. Functionally, SMC proliferation was decreased by FSS and recombinant TFPI-2 was found to inhibit SMC proliferation and induce SMC apoptosis as indicated by activation of caspase-3. In vivo, TFPI-2 expression was found to be up-regulated 5, 10 and 20 h after rat carotid balloon-injury and immunohistochemistry demonstrated TFPI-2 protein in luminal SMCs exposed to FSS in rat carotid intimal hyperplasia 10 days after balloon-injury. Conclusion: FSS strongly influence gene expression in cultured SMCs and induce TFPI-2 expression, which is also expressed after rat carotid balloon injury in luminal SMCs exposed to FSS. Functionally, TFPI-2 may play an important role in vessel wall repair by regulating SMC proliferation and survival. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which TFPI-2 control SMC function. 3 x 2 samples from a paired fluid shear stress experiment on smooth muscle cells.

Dataset Information

A Human Model of Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Using Neural Crest-Derived Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

Publications

Modeling cerebrovascular pathophysiology in amyloid-β metabolism using neural-crest-derived smooth muscle cells.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure