Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Identification of Novel Post-Transcriptional Features in Olfactory Receptor Family mRNAs

ABSTRACT: Olfactory receptor (Olfr) genes comprise the largest gene family in mice. Despite their importance, most Olfr mRNAs are uncharacterized. Using RNA-seq analysis, we annotated the repertoire of mouse Olfr mRNAs expressed in the olfactory epithelium and found that they have several atypical features suggesting how post-transcriptional regulation impacts their expression. First, many Olfr mRNAs are intronless and those with introns typically have a single intron at the 5’ end. Second, Olfr mRNAs, as a group, have dramatically higher average AU content and lower predicted secondary structure than do control mRNAs. Third, Olfr mRNAs have a higher density of AU-rich elements (AREs) than control mRNAs. Fourth, Olfr mRNAs have much shorter 3’ UTR regions and fewer predicted binding sites for neurally expressed miRNAs than control mRNAs. Fifth, Olfr mRNAs have a significantly greater number of upstream open reading frames (uORFs) in their 5’ UTR than control mRNAs. All of these novel properties correlated with higher Olfr expression. Finally, we identified striking differences in the mRNAs from the two classes of Olfr genes, a finding consistent with their independent evolutionary origin. Our study suggests that the Olfr gene family has encountered unusual selective forces that have driven these unique post-transcriptional regulatory features. Examine transcriptome of Olfr genes in mouse olfactory epithelium

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Miles Wilkinson

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-57567 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Social plasticity is a pervasive feature of animal behavior. Animals adjust the expression of their social behavior to the daily changes in social life and to transitions between life-history stages, and the ability to change in these ways impacts their Darwinian fitness. This behavioral plasticity may be achieved either by rewiring or by biochemically switching nodes of the neural network underlying the social behavior in response to perceived social information. Independent of the proximate mechanisms, at the neuromolecular level social plasticity relies on the regulation of gene expression, such that different neurogenomic states emerge in response to different social stimuli and the switches between states are orchestrated by signaling pathways that interface the social environment and the genotype. Here, we test this hypothesis by characterizing the changes in the brain profile of gene expression in response to social odors in the Mozambique Tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus. This species has a rich repertoire of social behaviors during which both visual and chemical information are conveyed to conspecifics. Specifically, dominant males increase their urination frequency during agonist encounters and during courtship to convey chemical information reflecting their dominance status. We recorded electro-olfactograms to test the extent to which the olfactory epithelium can discriminate between olfactory information from dominant and subordinate males as well as from pre- and post-spawning females. We then performed a genome-scale gene expression analysis of the olfactory bulb and the olfactory cortex homolog in order to identify the neuromolecular systems involved in processing these social stimuli. Our results show that different olfactory stimuli from conspecificsM-bM-^@M-^Y have a major impact in the brain transcriptome, with different chemical social cues eliciting specific patterns of gene expression in the brain. These results confirm the role of rapid changes in gene expression in the brain as a genomic mechanism underlying behavioural plasticity and reinforce the idea of an extensive transcriptional plasticity of cichlid genomes, especially in response to rapid changes in their social environment. Brain samples from 40 African cichlid males, Oreochromis mossambicus were collected after stimulation with different social olfactory stimuli. Samples were collected from 2 brain areas: BO and Dp after males were exposed to dominant (DOM) and subordinate (SUB) male urine and pre- (PRE) and post-ovulatory (POST) female scent. In OB 5 replicates were collected from males exposed to DOM and 6 to the other stimuli. For Dp 5 replicates were collected from males exposed to DOM and POST, 4 to SUB and 6 to PRE.

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Identification of Novel Post-Transcriptional Features in Olfactory Receptor Family mRNAs

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