NF-kB in Tumor Initiation
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
SUBMITTER: David Wang
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-59545 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:p65-/-Ras cells show delayed tumor formation in SCID mice. However, after prolonged latency, tumor formation was observed from these mice. To understand the changes of NF-kB regulated genes before and after tumor formation, RNA from p65+/+Ras, p65+/+RasTumor, p65-/-Ras, p65-/-RasTumor cells were isolated and microarray were performed.
2014-08-01 | GSE59545 | GEO
Project description:Autophagy plays an important role in physiology and tumorigenesis. We and others have demonstrated that Ha-ras overexpression induces autophagy in NIH3T3 cells. Autophagic machinery is regulated by a family of autophagy associated genes (Atg). The inducible Ha-ras oncogene was introduced into mouse embryo fibroblast Atg5 wild type [MEF-Atg5(+/+)] and Atg5 knock-out [MEF-Atg5(-/-)] cells and the stable cell lines MR and M5R were established, respectively. Our results showed that M5R cell induced larger tumor formation compared with MR cells while these two cell lines were subcutaneously injected into SCID mice under Ha-ras overexpression conditions. It indicates that Atg5 is involved in the suppression of Ras-related tumor formation. MicroRNA (miRNA), approximately 22 nucleotide of non-coding RNA, regulates transcription and translation of the target genes and is involved in cell differentiation and tumorigenesis. A miRNA microarray (932 probes) screening was conducted to identify the autophagy-tumorigenesis-related miRNAs. Among the significant genes, miR-224 was highly expressed in autophagy deficient cell and it induced tumors. Overexpression miR-224 enhanced the activity of migration and invasion in vitro and tumor formation in vivo. In conclusion, this is the first report to demonstrate that autophagy suppresses tumor formation through down-regulation of microRNA in this case miR-224. MR and M5R cell lines were treated with IPTG for 48 hr. In addition, these cell lines were subcutaneously injected into mice to induce tumor formation. The RNA samples were extracted from above cell lines and tumors. In this research, BEL/ITRI 15K V1.0 miRNA microarray chips were used to evaluate the miRNA expression profile.
2012-06-25 | E-GEOD-38911 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cancer treatment decisions are increasingly guided by which specific genes are mutated within each patient’s tumor. For example, agents inhibiting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) benefit many colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, with the general exception of those whose tumor includes a KRAS mutation. However, among the various KRAS mutations, the G13D mutation behaves differently; for unknown reasons, CRC patients with the KRAS G13D mutation (also written KRASG13D) appear to benefit from the EGFR-blocking antibody cetuximab. Controversy surrounds this observation, because it appears to contradict the well-established mechanisms of EGFR signaling and of RAS mutations. Here, we identified a systems-level, mechanistic basis that explains why KRASG13D cancers respond to EGFR inhibition. We first investigated the problem with a computational model of RAS signaling, which unexpectedly revealed that the known biophysical differences between the three most common KRAS mutant proteins are sufficient to generate different sensitivities to inhibition. Computation and experimentation together revealed a non-intuitive, mutant-specific dependency of wild-type RAS activation by EGFR that is determined by the interaction strength between KRAS and the tumor suppressor neurofibromin (NF1). KRAS mutants that strongly interact with NF1 drive wild-type RAS activation in an EGFR independent manner through competitive inhibition of NF1, whereas KRAS G13D cells remain dependent upon EGFR for wild-type Ras activation because they cannot competitively inhibit NF1 due to a weak interaction between these two proteins. Overall, our work demonstrates how systems approaches enable mechanism-based inference in genomic medicine and can help identify patients for selective therapeutic strategies.
2020-05-27 | PXD014755 | Pride
Project description:The expansion of repressive epigenetic marks has been implicated in heterochromatin formation during embryonic development, but the general applicability of this mechanism is unclear. Here we show that nuclear rearrangement of repressive histone marks H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 into non-overlapping structural layers characterizes senescence-associated heterochromatic foci (SAHF) formation in human fibroblasts. However, the global landscape of these repressive marks remains unchanged upon SAHF formation, suggesting that in somatic cells heterochromatin can be formed through the spatial repositioning of pre-existing repressively marked histones. This model is reinforced by the correlation of pre-senescent replication timing with both the subsequent layered structure of SAHFs and the global landscape of the repressive marks, allowing us to integrate microscopic and genomic information. Furthermore, modulation of SAHF structure does not affect the occupancy of these repressive marks nor vice versa. These experiments reveal that high-order heterochromatin formation and epigenetic remodeling of the genome can be discrete events. ChIP-seq for different histone marks in both growing and Ras-induced senescent fibroblasts, in the presence or absence of certain sh-RNAs K9me3Grow2.bed (growing) Chip Seq Analysis of H3K9me3 in ER:Ras expressing IMR90 human diploid fibroblasts d6 4OHT K9me3Sen2.bed (senescent) Chip Seq Analysis of H3K9me3 in ER:Ras expressing IMR90 human diploid fibroblasts with no treatment K9me2Grow3.bed (growing) Chip Seq Analysis of H3K9me2 in ER:Ras expressing IMR90 human diploid fibroblasts with no treatment K9me2Sen3.bed (senescent) Chip Seq Analysis of H3K9me2 in ER:Ras expressing IMR90 human diploid fibroblasts d6 4OHT K27me3Sen3.bed (senescent) Chip Seq Analysis of H3K27me3 in ER:Ras expressing IMR90 human diploid fibroblasts d6 4OHT K27me3Grow2.bed (growing) Chip Seq Analysis of H3K27me3 in ER:Ras expressing IMR90 human diploid fibroblasts with no treatment K36me3Grow2.bed (growing) Chip Seq Analysis of H3K36me3 in ER:Ras expressing IMR90 human diploid fibroblasts with no treatment K36me3Sen2.bed (senescent) Chip Seq Analysis of H3K36me3 in ER:Ras expressing IMR90 human diploid fibroblasts d6 4OHT K4me3Grow2.bed (growing) Chip Seq Analysis of H3K4me3 in ER:Ras expressing IMR90 human diploid fibroblasts with no treatment K4me3Sen3.bed (senescent) Chip Seq Analysis of H3K4me3 in ER:Ras expressing IMR90 human diploid fibroblasts d6 4OHT
2012-07-09 | E-GEOD-38442 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:To elucidate mechanisms of cancer progression, we generated inducible human neoplasia in 3-dimensionally intact epithelial tissue. Gene expression profiling of both epithelia and stroma at specific time points during tumor progression revealed sequential enrichment of genes mediating discrete biologic functions in each tissue compartment. A core cancer progression signature was distilled using the increased signaling specificity of downstream oncogene effectors and subjected to network modeling. Network topology predicted that tumor development depends upon specific ECM-interacting network hubs. Blockade of one such hub, the b1 integrin subunit, disrupted network gene expression and attenuated tumorigenesis in vivo. Thus, integrating network modeling and temporal gene expression analysis of inducible human neoplasia provides an approach to prioritize and characterize genes functioning in cancer progression. There are 3 experiments in this study: (1a) a time course of human epidermal tissue transformed by oncogenic ER:H-Ras and IkBaM comprising days 0, 5, 20, and 35 post Ras activation using 4OHT; (1b) a matched time course of adjacent mouse stromal tissue during tumor progression; (2) Arrays comparing 4OHT-induced, Raf-1:ER/IkBaM transformed epidermal tissue and -4OHT controls; and (3) Arrays comparing Ras:ER/IkBaM grafts co-treated with 4OHT and either IgG control antibody or an anti-b1 integrin blocking antibody, P5D2 for 30 days. All arrays were done in biologic duplicate. Epidermal tissue co-expressing ER:H-RasG12V (ER:Ras) and IkBaM was regenerated on female scid/scid mouse recipients. Grafts were allowed to heal for at least 3 weeks before Ras activation via daily i.p. injections of 730ug of 4OHT (in 110ul of a corn oil/ethanol mixture). Duplicate grafts were harvested after 0, 5, 20, and 35 days of 4OHT treatment. Laser capture microdissection was utilized to independently isolate epithelial cells of the basal most layers and adajacent stromal tissue for each time point. RNA was subjected to one round of T7-based linear amplification (Ambion Message Amp II enhanced kit) and hybridized to either HG-U133A 2.0 or MG-430A affymetrix oligonucleotide arrays. Arrays from this experiment are labeled Ras and Stroma, respectively. The second experment was performed on Raf-1:ER/IkBaM expressing grafts with and without 4OHT treament for 30 days. The third experiment was done comparing ER:Ras/IkBaM grafts concomitantly treated with 4OHT and 1.5mg/week of either IgG control antibody or a mouse monoclonal blocking antibody against b1 integrin for 30 days. For experiments 2 and 3, HG-U133A 2.0 GeneChips were used; 4OHT treatment and RNA isolation/amplification was performed as above.
2009-06-02 | E-GEOD-15299 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Serum-dependent transcriptional networks identify distinct functional roles for H-ras and N-ras during initial stages of the cell cycle; Using oligonucleotide microarrays, we compared gene expression transcriptional profiles corresponding to the initial cell cycle stages of mouse fibroblasts lacking H-Ras and/or NRas with those of matching, WT controls. The similarity of transcription profiles among serum-starved fibroblasts of all different WT and ras knockout genotypes tested, indicated that H-Ras and N-Ras do not play significant roles in control of transcriptional responses to serum deprivation stress. In contrast, genomic disruption of H-ras or N-ras, individually or in combination, determined highly specific, differential gene expression profiles in response to post-starvation stimulation with serum for 1 hour (G0/G1 transition) or for 8 hours (mid-G1 progression). The absence of N-Ras caused significantly higher changes than the absence of H-Ras on the wave of transcriptional activation linked to G0/G1 transition. In contrast, the absence of H-Ras affected more potently the profile of the transcriptional wave detected during mid-G1 progression. Functional analysis demonstrated a predominant functional association of H-Ras with growth and proliferation, whereas N-Ras exhibited a closer functional link to development or cell cycle regulation as well as immunomodulation and apoptosis. Mechanistic analysis indicated that ERK-dependent activation of Stat1 mediates the regulatory effect of N-Ras on defense and immunity, whereas the pro-apoptotic effects of N-Ras are mediated through ERK and p38 signaling. Our observations support previous reports of an absolute requirement for different peaks of Ras activity during the initial stages of the cell cycle and confirm the notion of functional specificity for the H-Ras and N-Ras isoforms. Experiment Overall Design: Mus musculus cell lines from the appropriate ras genotype were harvested on Dulbeccoâs modified Eagleâs medium (DMEM) supplemented with fetal bovine serum (10% FBS), glutamine (2mM), penicillin (100 U/ml) and streptomycin (100 mg/ml). Cultures were grown in a humidified CO2 (5%) atmosphere at 37°C and when subconfluent cells were starved for 24 hours. After starvation cells were either used for RNA isolation, or induced for 1 hour or 8 hours with 20% fetal bovine serum and then RNA extraction and isolation was carried out for hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays.
2009-09-15 | E-GEOD-14829 | biostudies-arrayexpress
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2013-04-04 | E-GEOD-45739 | biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:The expansion of repressive epigenetic marks has been implicated in heterochromatin formation during embryonic development, but the general applicability of this mechanism is unclear. Here we show that nuclear rearrangement of repressive histone marks H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 into non-overlapping structural layers characterizes senescence-associated heterochromatic foci (SAHF) formation in human fibroblasts. However, the global landscape of these repressive marks remains unchanged upon SAHF formation, suggesting that in somatic cells heterochromatin can be formed through the spatial repositioning of pre-existing repressively marked histones. This model is reinforced by the correlation of pre-senescent replication timing with both the subsequent layered structure of SAHFs and the global landscape of the repressive marks, allowing us to integrate microscopic and genomic information. Furthermore, modulation of SAHF structure does not affect the occupancy of these repressive marks nor vice versa. These experiments reveal that high-order heterochromatin formation and epigenetic remodeling of the genome can be discrete events. mRNA expression profiles were compared between normal growing (control) and Ras-induced senescent IMR90 cells. Each includes 5 biological replicates.
2012-07-08 | E-GEOD-38410 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Understanding the molecular underpinnings of cancer is of critical importance to developing targeted intervention strategies. Identification of such targets, however, is notoriously difficult and unpredictable. Malignant cell transformation requires the cooperation of a few oncogenic mutations that cause substantial reorganization of many cell features and induce complex changes in gene expression patterns. Genes critical to this multi-faceted cellular phenotype thus only have been identified following signaling pathway analysis or on an ad hoc basis. Our observations that cell transformation by cooperating oncogenic lesions depends on synergistic modulation of downstream signaling circuitry suggest that malignant transformation is a highly cooperative process, involving synergy at multiple levels of regulation, including gene expression. Here we show that a large proportion of genes controlled synergistically by loss-of-function p53 and Ras activation are critical to the malignant state. Remarkably, 14 among 24 such 'cooperation response genes' (CRGs) were found to contribute to tumor formation in gene perturbation experiments. In contrast, only one in 14 perturbations of genes responding in a non-synergistic manner had a similar effect. Synergistic control of gene expression by oncogenic mutations thus emerges as an underlying key to malignancy and provides an attractive rationale for identifying intervention targets in gene networks downstream of oncogenic gain and loss-of-function mutations. Experiment Overall Design: Contains 50 samples total, 10 replicates each of parental cell line YAMC, plus bleo/Neo vector control, mp53-expressing, Ras-expressing and mp53/Ras cells. Polysomal RNA from each sample was run on Affymetrix GeneChip® Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Arrays.
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