Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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A Global Transcriptome Analysis of BMSC from different confluences, But Gene Expression Profiling Suggested Comprised Pro-angiogenesis Effects - part 2

ABSTRACT: Ex vivo expansion of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells (BMSC) is required to obtain clinical dose for cellular therapy, and different labs use different confluence in their practice, however, the impacts of 100% confluence on the biological properties of BMSC remain controversial. In this study, we detected the changes occurred to BMSCs when they reached 100% confluence, including viability, population doubling time (PDT), apoptosis, colony formation, immunosuppression, proteins in the culture supernatant, and surface markers; we also performed gene expression profiling and microRNA profiling on 50%, 80% and 100% confluent BMSCs. Our results showed that 100% confluent BMSCs had similar level of immunosuppression to 80% confluent BMSCs; they increased the expression of CD10, CD54, CD106, CD200, TLR4, but decreased CD49f and PODXL; we detected of 39 proteins in the culture supernatant, which displayed different patterns and an increase on the PEDF/VEGF ratio was observed with higher confluence. We identified 26 differentially expressed microRNAs, which were reported to be involved in the proliferation and differentiation of BMSC; and 2708 genes that were involved in extracellular matrix, cell adhesion, immune response and inflammatory response; particularly, angiogenesis inhibitor PEDF, and Wnt Singling inhibitors DKK1, DKK2, and DKK3 were up-regulated by 100% confluent BMSCs. These data suggest that 100% confluent BMSC may retain immunosuppressive activities but have comprised pro-angiogenesis effects. Gene expression profiling on BMSCs of 3 confluences (50%, 80% and 100%) from 5 healthy donors: 09FC37 (n=3), 09FC43 (n=3), 09FC44 (n=3), 09FC45 (n=3), 09FC49 (n=3) as biological repeats.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

SUBMITTER: Jiaqiang Ren

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-60525 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Bone marrow derived stromal cells (BMSCs) are a multipotent population that supports angiogenesis, wound healing, immunomodulation and plays an active role in the hematopoietic niche. On the other hand, they are also involved in the nurturing of bone marrow tumors and metastasis, showing a pro-tumorigenic behavior. BMSCs secrete a wide range of cytokines, growth factors and matrix proteins that are likely responsible for many of these effects. However, it is not clear whether this pro-tumorigenic behavior of BMSCs is induced by the tumor cells, neither in what extent the tumor cells affect the type and quantity of factors produced by BMSCs. To determine how tumor cells that arise from bone marrow affect the BMSCs, we selected three myeloid leukemia cell lines (TF-1, TF-1alpha and K562) and co-cultured them with BMSCs from healthy donors. We found that, under co-culture condition, the gene expression profiling of BMSCs revealed up-regulation of many pro-inflammatory signaling related genes, mainly IL-17 signaling-related genes. Moreover, IL-17 signaling-related cytokines CCL2 and IL8, were increased in co-culture supernatants. We conclude that BMSCs react to the presence of leukemia cells undergoing changes in the cytokine and chemokine secretion profile. Thus, BMSCs and leukemia cells both contribute to the creation of a competitive niche more favorable to leukemia stem cells. BMSCs from healthy donors were transwell co-cultured with three different myeloid leukemia cell lines: TF-1 (n=3), TF-1alpha (n=3) and K562 (n=3). A 1-um Transwell system (BDBiosciences, San Jose, CA USA) was used to maintain the cultured BMSC and leukemia cell populations separate from each other. As a control BMSCs were also transwell co-cultured under the same conditions with CD34+ cells (n=9) isolated from G-CSF-mobilized peripheral blood stem cells from healthy donors. An alternative co-culture method was used to analyze BMSCs and leukemia cells in direct contact: TF-1 (n=3), TF-alpha (n=3) and K562 (n=3). The two populations were cultured together in the same well without any membrane separation. BMSCs (n=18), TF-1 (n=3), TF-1alpha (n=3), K562 (n=3) and CD34+ (n=9) cells cultured alone (mono-cultures) were used as controls. Cells from both mono- and co-culture conditions were harvested at 4h, 10h, and 24h.

Project description:miRNA expression profiling was performed on MM.1S MM cells cultured 8 hours in control media or 50nM RGB-286638, with or without BMSCs. The emerging role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM) led us to hypothesize that the miRNA network might be among the inducible transcriptional alterations consequent to MM-bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) interactions. Our data suggests that BMSC induced MM transcription led to aberrant miRNA expression. We therefore hypothesized that agents interfering with RNAPII transcription might inhibit aberrant miRNA expression in MM. To test this hypothesis we used RGB-286638, a novel protein kinase inhibitor, which works primarily via RNAPII inhibition followed by transcriptional arrest in MM cells. miRNA profiling of RGB-286638-exposed MM cells resulted in RNAPII arrest associated with reduced miRNA levels. RGB-286638 abrogated BMSCs-induced miRNAs, which correlated with growth arrest in MM cells. Analysis of RGB-286638-induced differentially-expressed miRNAs in MM cells, in the presence or absence of BMSCs, revealed RNAPII regulation of expression of BMSC-inducible miRNAs with established oncogenic functions in MM Our findings demonstrate the role of RNAPII in regulating miRNA network, suggesting a new rationale for using agents interfering with RNAPII transcription in the treatment of MM. TaqMan Low-Density Array (TLDA) using human miRNA version 2.0A and version 3.0B cards (Applied Biosystems) were applied to examine the global change of miRNA expression levels in MM.1S cells when co-cultured with BMSCs, with or without RGB-286638 treatment. A total of 756 mature miRNA updated in the Sanger miRBase v.15.0 were quantified according to the manufacturer's instructions as previously described. miRNAs with Ct values higher than 37 were excluded from the analysis. Normalization was carried out with the mean of RNU44 and RNU48. Relative quantification of miRNA expression was calculated with the 2M-bM-^HM-^RM-NM-^TM-NM-^TCt Ct method using the ddCt program (Shannon McCormack Advanced Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory Research Services). The data was presented as log10 of the relative quantity of each miRNA.

Project description:Dyskeratosis congenita (DC) is an inherited multi-system disorder, characterized by oral leukoplakia, nail dystrophy, and abnormal skin pigmentation, as well as high rates of bone marrow failure, solid tumors, and other medical problems such as osteopenia. DC and telomere biology disorders (collectively referred to as TBD here) are caused by germline mutations in telomere biology genes leading to very short telomeres and limited proliferative potential of hematopoietic stem cells. We found that skeletal stem cells (SSCs) within the bone marrow stromal cell population (BMSCs, also known as bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells), may contribute to the hematological phenotype. TBD-BMSCs exhibited reduced clonogenicity, reduced telomerase activity, spontaneous differentiation into adipocytes and fibrotic cells, and increased senescence in vitro. Upon in vivo transplantation into mice, TBD-BMSCs failed to form bone or support hematopoiesis, unlike normal BMSCs. TERC reduction (a TBD-associated gene) in normal BMSCs by siTERC-RNA recapitulated the TBD-BMSC phenotype by reducing proliferation and secondary colony forming efficiency, and by accelerating senescence in vitro. Microarray profiles of control and siTERC-BMSCs showed decreased hematopoietic factors at the mRNA level, and decreased secretion of factors at the protein level. These findings are consistent with defects in SSCs/BMSCs contributing to bone marrow failure in TBD. RNA (5 mg) isolated from N-BMSCs, siNC-BMSCs and siTERC-BMSCs 72hrs after transfection using an RNeasy Mini kit (Qiagen), was reverse transcribed and hybridized to an Affymetrix GeneChip Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 array (LMT, NCI-Frederick). Three independent replicates for each experimental condition were carried out to control for intra-sample variation. Genes that were under/over-represented by >2-fold were analyzed using GeneSpring software. Signal intensity values were normalized using RMA (Robust Multi-array Analysis) summarization and baseline transformation to median of all samples was performed. Entities were filtered based on their signal intensity values. Hierarchical clustering was performed on filtered signal intensity (>20.0), non-averaged, fold change >2. A fold change analysis (>10-fold) was performed to generate a list of top genes under/over represented between the groups.

Project description:Background: Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) have classically been cultured in media supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum (FBS). As an alternative to FBS, pooled solvent detergent apheresis platelets, HPGF-C18, was evaluated for BMSC culture. Methods: A comparison of passage 2 BMSC growth revealed that 10% HPGF-C18 produced similar cell numbers as 20% FBS. Marrow aspirates from 5 healthy subjects were cultured for 4 passages in 10% HPGF-C18 or 20% FBS and were analyzed for proliferation, colony formation efficiency (CFE), surface marker expression, suppression of mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLRs), global gene and microRNA expression analysis. BMSC supernatant cytokine and growth factor concentrations were also compared. Results: Primary cultures of marrow aspirates in 10% HPGF-C18 and 20% FBS yielded similar numbers and CFE. After 4 passages, 10% HPGF-C18 and 20% FBS yielded similar numbers of BMSCs, surface marker expression patterns and immunosuppression effects. Gene and microRNA expression analysis revealed that BMSCs cultured under the two conditions had distinct expression profiles. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) revealed HPGF-C18-cultured BMSCs were enriched in metabolic processing and biosynthetic pathways; cell proliferation and cell cycle pathways; and immune response pathways. FBS-cultured BMSCs were enriched in MAPK signaling, TGF-beta signaling, cell adhesion and extracellular matrix pathways. Differently expressed microRNAs were related to the osteogenesis of BMSCs. Supernatant analysis found that HPGF-C18 BMSCs displayed higher levels of PEDF and TGFB1 and lower levels of IL6, VEGF, SDF1 and PLGF. Conclusions: Traditional measures; expansion, surface marker expression and inhibition of MLRs suggest that BMSC cultured in HPGF-C18 and FBS were similar, but analysis at the molecular level revealed many differences. BMSCs cultured in HPGF-C18 should be assessed in specific functional assays that reflect application-specific potency before substituting FBS with HPGF-C18.

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A Global Transcriptome Analysis of BMSC from different confluences, But Gene Expression Profiling Suggested Comprised Pro-angiogenesis Effects - part 2

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