Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Differential gene expression in renal cortex resulting from SPAK gene disruption

ABSTRACT: Poorly defined adaptive processes maintain salt balance when the renal thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride cotransporter is inhibited, limiting diuretic efficacy. Here, we identify underlying mechanisms in SPAK kinase null mice, which are unable to phospho-activate NCC. Global transcriptional profiling, combined with biochemical, cell biological and physiological phenotyping, identified the gene expression signature of the response, and revealed how it establishes a new adaptive physiology. Salt reabsorption pathways are created by the coordinate induction of a multi-gene transport system, involving solute carriers (Slc26a; Slc4a8; Slc4a9), carbonic anhydrase isoforms, and V-type H+-ATPase subunits in pendrin-positive intercalated cells (PP-IC), and ENaC subunits in principal cells. A distal nephron remodeling process and induction of Jagged 1-Notch signaling, which expands the cortical connecting tubule with principal cells and replaces acid-secreting ?- intercalated cells with PP-IC, is partly responsible. Salt reabsorption is also activated by induction of an alpha-ketoglutarate (?-KG) paracrine signaling system. Coordinate regulation of a multigene ?-KG synthesis and transport pathway cause ?-KG to be secreted into the pro-urine as the ?-KG activated GPCR (Oxgr1) increases on the PP-IC apical surface, allowing paracrine delivery of ?-KG to stimulate salt transport. Identification of the integrated compensatory NaCl reabsorption mechanisms provides new insights into thiazide diuretic efficacy. Gene transcrtipt isolated form the renal cortex of 4 SPAK KO and 4 litter-mate WT animals was compared to evaluate differential gene expression with the goal of identifing a nextwork of genes that function cooperatively compensatory to mitigate renal salt loss when the SPAK function is lost.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Paul Grimm

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-60728 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Purpose: Transport processes in the renal collecting duct are responsible for precise regulation of blood pressure and body fluid composition. The collecting duct is composed of at least three cell types, type A intercalated cells (A-IC), type B intercalated cells (B-IC) and principal cells (PC). To identify the genes that are selectively expressed in each cell type, including cell-surface receptors, transcription factors, transporters and secreted proteins, we used cell surface markers necessary for isolation of each of the three cell types using fluorescence-activated cell sorting and carried out single-cell RNA-Seq to measure the mRNA species in each of these cell types. Methods: We enriched each of the three cell types using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Subsequently, we carried out single-cell RNA-Seq of those cells using a microfluidic chip (Fluidigm C1 system). Single-cell cDNA libraries were constructed for paired-end sequencing and sequenced on Illumina HiSeq3000 platform. In addition, we also microdissected mouse CCDs and cTALs and carried out single-tubule RNA-Seq. Reads were mapped to mouse Ensembl Genome by STAR and transcript abundances were calculated in the units of transcripts per million (TPM) using RSEM (https://github.com/deweylab/RSEM). Single-cell RNA-Seq data anaysis were carried out using Seurat package in R. Results and conclusion: Single-cell cDNA libraries were constructed for paired-end sequencing and at least 10-million sequence reads per cell were mapped to the mouse genome (Ensembl, GRCm38.p5). On average, cells were sequenced to a depth of 3000 genes (TPM>1). Unsupervised clustering analysis revealed five different cell types, namely type A intercalated cells (n=87), type B intercalated cells (n=23), principal cells (74), proximal tubule cells (n=19), and non-epithelial cells (n=32). The identified patterns of gene expression among A-ICs, B-ICs and PCs provide a foundation for understanding physiological regulation and pathophysiology in the renal collecting duct.

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Differential gene expression in renal cortex resulting from SPAK gene disruption

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