Arid3b is required for heart development
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
SUBMITTER: Juan Jose Sanz-Ezquerro
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-62072 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:We have analysed and compared mRNA expression between wt embryos and embryos deficient for Arid3b in E9.5 hearts, with the aim of identifying differentially expressed genes that could give us a clue to the functions of Arid3b during development. Hearts were dissected from E9.5 embryos (including the heart tube and the pharyngeal mesoderm and endoderm located beneath). Four wild-type and four mutant embryos were collected and pooled for each of the microarray triplicates.
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Project description:A heterobimetallic Mn/Fe cofactor is found in the R2 subunit of class Ic ribonucleotide reductases (R2c) and R2-like ligand-binding oxidases (R2lox). Although the protein-derived metal ligands are the same in both groups of proteins, the connectivity of the two metal ions and the chemistry each cofactor performs are different: in R2c, a one-electron oxidant, the Mn/Fe dimer is linked by two oxygen bridges (μ-oxo/μ-hydroxo), whereas in R2lox, a two-electron oxidant, it is linked by a single oxygen bridge (μ-hydroxo) and a fatty acid ligand. Here we identify a second coordination sphere residue which directs the divergent reactivity of the protein scaffold. The residue that directly precedes the N-terminal carboxylate metal ligand is conserved as a glycine within the R2lox group, but not in R2c. Mutation of the glycine to leucine converts the resting state R2lox cofactor into an R2c-like cofactor, a µ-oxo/µ-hydroxo bridged MnIII/FeIII dimer. This species has recently been observed as an intermediate of the oxygen activation reaction in wild-type R2lox, demonstrating that it is physiologically relevant. Cofactor maturation in R2c and R2lox therefore follows the same pathway, with structural and functional divergence of the two cofactor forms following oxygen activation. We also show that the leucine mutant no longer functions as a two-electron oxidant. Specifically the mass spectrometry data here deposited tracks the abundance of the cross-linked peptide AVIRAATVYNMIVE-AVTLD, which was used as surrogate marker for the abundance of the internal V72-Y162 ether cross-link, which is directly impacted by the metalation state of the protein as well as the residue present in position 68 (G or L). Taken together, our data demonstrate that the residue preceding the N-terminal metal ligand directs the cofactor’s reactivity towards one- or two-electron redox chemistry, presumably by setting the protonation state of the bridging oxygens and thereby perturbing the redox potential of the Mn ion.
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