Microarray analysis on livers of young Nile rats fed palm fruit juice
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT: Microarray analysis on livers of young (three weeks old) Nile rats (Arvicanthis niloticus) fed with either a high carbohydrate diet only (percentage energy from carbohydrate:fat:protein = 70:10:20, 16.7 kJ/g) or a high carbohydrate diet supplemented with palm fruit juice (PFJ) (415 ml of 13000 ppm gallic acid equivalent (GAE) for a final concentration of 5.4 g GAE per kg diet or 2.7 g per 2000 kcal) PFJ (415 ml of 13000 ppm gallic acid equivalent (GAE) for a final concentration of 5.4 g GAE per kg diet or 2.7 g per 2000 kcal) was supplemented to young Nile rats (Arvicanthis niloticus) given a high carbohydrate diet (percentage energy from carbohydrate:fat:protein = 70:10:20, 16.7 kJ/g) to observe for possible anti-diabetic effects. Livers were harvested four weeks after the feeding regimen for gene expression studies. Results from the microarray data analysis carried out show that rats given PFJ had down-regulated insulin signalling, consistent with anti-diabetic effects observed in vivo. Total RNA obtained from livers of young Nile rats (Arvicanthis niloticus) given PFJ in a high carbohydrate diet (four weeks after the feeding regimen) were compared to controls (three replicates in the treatment group versus four replicates in the control group)
Project description:Microarray analysis on livers of young (three weeks old) Nile rats (Arvicanthis niloticus) fed with either a high carbohydrate diet only (percentage energy from carbohydrate:fat:protein = 70:10:20, 16.7 kJ/g) or a high carbohydrate diet supplemented with palm fruit juice (PFJ) (415 ml of 13000 ppm gallic acid equivalent (GAE) for a final concentration of 5.4 g GAE per kg diet or 2.7 g per 2000 kcal) PFJ (415 ml of 13000 ppm gallic acid equivalent (GAE) for a final concentration of 5.4 g GAE per kg diet or 2.7 g per 2000 kcal) was supplemented to young Nile rats (Arvicanthis niloticus) given a high carbohydrate diet (percentage energy from carbohydrate:fat:protein = 70:10:20, 16.7 kJ/g) to observe for possible anti-diabetic effects. Livers were harvested four weeks after the feeding regimen for gene expression studies. Results from the microarray data analysis carried out show that rats given PFJ had down-regulated insulin signalling, consistent with anti-diabetic effects observed in vivo.
Project description:OPP (1500 ppm gallic acid equivalent (GAE)) was supplemented to BALB/c mice given a normal diet to observe for possible neuroprotective effects. Brains were harvested six weeks after the feeding regimen for gene expression studies. Results from the separate microarray data analysis carried out on the different organs show that OPP have neuroprotective properties in vivo. Total RNA obtained from brains of BALB/c mice given OPP (six weeks after the feeding regimen) were compared to controls given distilled water (three replicates in the treatment group versus three replicates in the control group)
Project description:OPP (1500 ppm gallic acid equivalent (GAE)) was supplemented to BALB/c mice given an atherogenic diet for six weeks to observe for possible anti-atherogenic effects. The control group received distilled water instead of OPP. Livers, spleens and hearts were harvested six weeks after the feeding regimen for gene expression studies. Results from the separate microarray data analysis carried out on the different organs show that OPP attenuated the effects of the atherogenic diet in the organs. Total RNA obtained from livers, spleens and hearts of BALB/c mice given OPP (six weeks after administration of an atherogenic diet) were compared to controls given distilled water (liver: three replicates in the treatment group versus four replicates in the control group; spleen and heart: three replicates in the treatment group versus three replicates in the control group for both organs)
Project description:OPP (1500 ppm gallic acid equivalent (GAE)) was supplemented to BALB/c mice given a normal diet to observe for possible biological activities. Livers, spleens and hearts were harvested six weeks after the feeding regimen for gene expression studies. Results from the separate microarray data analysis carried out on the different organs show that OPP may have pleiotropic biological properties in vivo. Total RNA obtained from livers, spleens and hearts of BALB/c mice given OPP (six weeks after the feeding regimen) were compared to controls given distilled water (liver: three replicates in the treatment group versus four replicates in the control group; spleen and heart: four replicates in the treatment group versus four replicates in the control group for both organs)
Project description:We have previously showed that whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) causes a greater increase in muscle protein synthesis than an identical composition of amino acids mixture does. The present study was conducted to investigate a comparative effect of WPH on gene expression. Male Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to a 2-h swimming exercise were administered either a carbohydrate-amino acid diet or a carbohydrate-WPH diet immediately after exercise. One hour after exercise, epitrochlearis muscle mRNA was sampled and subjected to DNA microarray analysis. As a result, ingestion of WPH altered 189 genes in considering the false discovery rate. Among the upregulated genes, 8 Gene Ontology (GO) terms were enriched, which included key elements in muscle repair after exercise such as Cd24, Ccl2, Ccl7 and Cxcl1. On the other hand, 9 GO terms were enriched in the gene sets downregulated by ingestion of WPH and these GO terms fell into 2 clusters, 'regulation of ATPase activity' and 'immune response'. Furthermore, we found that WPH activate the 2 upstream proteins, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1a (HIF-1a), which may act as key factors for regulation of gene expression. These results suggest that ingestion of WPH, compared to an identical composition of amino acid mixture, induces greater changes in the after-exercise gene expression profile via activation of the proteins, ERK1/2 and HIF-1a. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (5-week-old) with body weights of approximately 150 g each (CLEA Japan, Inc., Tokyo, Japan) were used in this study. Rats were maintained at 23 +/- 2C, with lights on from 8:00 to 20:00 and off from 20:00 to 8:00. Rats had free access to food (protein 23.6%, fat 5.3%, carbohydrate 54.4%, ash 6.1%, fiber 2.9%, moisture 7.7%, MF, Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan) and water. After 2- or 3-day acclimation, the rats were pre-trained to swimming exercise for 3 days. One day before the experiment, they were fed 5 g of a restricted diet (MF, Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan). On the day of the experiment, rats swam for 2 hours, with 4 rats swimming simultaneously in a barrel filled with water to a depth of 50 cm, allowing an average surface area of 400 cm2 for each animal. The water temperature was maintained at a constant of 35C. Immediately following exercise, rats were given one of two isoenergetic test solutions by gavage. These solutions contained 44 kJ in a four-test dose that represented about 15% of daily energy needs and included either a mixed meal containing carbohydrate and amino acid mixture (AAM) or a mixed meal containing carbohydrate and whey protein hydrolysate (WPH; Meiji Co., Ltd., Japan). This study was approved by the Animal Committee of Food Science Research Lab., Meiji Co., Ltd., with the animals receiving care according to the guidelines laid down by this committee.
Project description:PFJ (4 ml for a final concentration of 19,000 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per kg diet or 0.86 mg GAE per kcal diet) was supplemented to larvae of fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) given a semi-purified diet to observe for possible effects on energy metabolism and lifespan. Larvae were used five days since the egg stage for gene expression studies. Results from the microarray data analysis carried out show that fruit fly larvae given PFJ had up-regulated transport and metabolic processes, while development and morphogenesis processes were down-regulated.
Project description:PFJ (4 ml for a final concentration of 19,000 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per kg diet or 0.86 mg GAE per kcal diet) was supplemented to larvae of fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) given a semi-purified diet to observe for possible effects on energy metabolism and lifespan. Fat bodies extracted from these larvae were used five days since the egg stage for gene expression studies. Results from the microarray data analysis carried out show that fruit fly larva fat bodies given PFJ had up-regulated heat shock protein genes, while cell cycle and growth genes were down-regulated.
Project description:OPP (1500 ppm gallic acid equivalent (GAE)) was supplemented to BALB/c mice inoculated subcutaneously with J558 myeloma cells at the dorsum of the neck in order to observe possible immune responses in cancer suppression. Spleens and livers were harvested at three designated time points, eighteen hours, one week and four weeks after inoculation of the cells for gene expression studies. Results show that the expression of immune-related genes in the spleen was delayed, while those related to inflammation in the liver were down-regulated across time, thus suggesting that OPP may have anti-inflammatory properties in suppressing cancer. Total RNA obtained from spleens and livers of BALB/c mice given OPP (four weeks after subcutaneous inoculation of J558 myeloma cells) were compared to controls given distilled water at three time points, eighteen hours, one week and four weeks after inoculation of the cells (three replicates per group per time point)
Project description:To quantify gene expression differences in olfactory epithelium between the mouse (Mus musculus) and the Nile rat (Arvicanthis niloticus), paired-end RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to profile olfactory epithelium transcriptomes of six Nile rats and six mice (C57BL/6J) (one male and one female at the age of 8, 12, and 16 weeks for each species).
Project description:We performed survival analysis of control and MCD groups, and explored underlying tumor suppression mechanisms after dietary intervention, focused on alterations in the energy-dependent signaling pathways, histone modifications, and global gene expression differences on cDNA microarray study. Illumina arrays: Five- week- old male C57BL6 mice were randomly divided into two groups and fed control diet (control group, LabDiet, Brentwood, MO, USA) or moderate restriced carbohydrate diet formula (MCD, Treat group) in a specific pathogen free zone. All procedures were approved by the institutional animal use and care committee. Following a preliminary feeding of each diet formula for one week, 1 × 106 B16F10 cells (suspended with 100 μl of PBS) were subcutaneously injected into the back of the mice. After 2 weeks of diet supplementation, all mice were sacrificed. Tumor tissue was excised for cDNA microarray. Agilent arrays: Five- week- old male C57BL6 mice were randomly divided into two groups and fed control diet (control group, LabDiet, Brentwood, MO, USA) or moderate restriced carbohydrate diet formula (MCD, Treat group) in a specific pathogen free zone. All procedures were approved by the institutional animal use and care committee. Following a preliminary feeding of each diet formula for one week, 1 × 106 B16F10 cells (suspended with 100 μl of PBS) were subcutaneously injected into the back of the mice. After 2 weeks of diet supplementation, all mice were sacrificed. Tumor tissue was excised for chip-on-chip microarray.