ABSTRACT: To identify potential regeneration-associated genes, rat cultures of dissociated dorsal root ganglia (DRG) cells were treated with dbcAMP for 0,3,6,12, or 18 hours. A total of 15 paired samples were examined in 5 time points with 3 replicates each. For each array, dbcAMP-treated and control samples were run in a two-color experiment. ----------------------------------------------------- submitters of this record cannot locate the raw data
Project description:To identify potential regeneration-associated genes, rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were lesioned and then sampled at 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 148, or 296 hrs A total of 23 samples were examined in 8 time points with 2-3 replicates each. For each array, lesioned and uninjured DRG samples were run in a two-color experiment. ----------------------------------------------------- submitters of this record cannot locate the raw data
Project description:Transcriptional profiling of Mycobacterium tuberculosis CDC1551 comparing control butyric acid-treated cells with 20mM db-cAMP treated cells after 2hrs of treatment with shaking at 200rpm at 37C. Two-condition experiment, butyric acid (Control) Vs db-cAMP treated cells (Test). Biological replicates: 3 control, 3 test. One replicate per array.
Project description:Biological processes are optimized by circadian and circannual biological timing systems. In vertebrates, the pineal gland plays an essential role in these systems by converting time into a hormonal signal, melatonin; in all vertebrates, circulating melatonin is elevated at night, independent of lifestyle. At night, sympathetic input to the pineal gland, originating from the circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, releases norepinephrine. This adrenergic stimulation causes an elevation of cAMP, which is thought to regulate many of the dramatic changes in genes expression known to occur at night. In many aspects, the adrenergic/cAMP effects on gene expression can be recapitulated in primary organ culture. We have analyzed the rat pineal transcriptome at mid-day and mid-night to identify genes that exhibit night/day changes in expression. The pineal transcriptome was compared to that of other rat tissues processed in parallel. In addition, pineal glands were cultured in control conditions, or stimulated with norepinephrine, dibutyryl-cAMP (DBcAMP), or forskolin; the transcriptomes of these glands were then analyzed. Experiment Overall Design: Total RNA was extracted from various rat tissues, and from both in vivo and cultured rat pineal glands, for processing and hybridization to Affymetrix microarrays. Quadruplicates of pooled in vivo pineal glands were analyzed at each timepoint. Single day and night samples of retina, cortex, cerebellum, hypothalamus, liver, and heart were analyzed. Triplicates of control and treated cultured pineal glands were analyzed.
Project description:To identify potential regeneration-associated genes, rat cultures of dissociated dorsal root ganglia (DRG) cells were treated with dbcAMP for 0,3,6,12, or 18 hours.
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series:; GSE12341: Expt. A; Daily Rhythm in Expression of >600 Genes in the Rodent Pineal Gland: Dominant Role of Adrenergic/cAMP Signaling; GSE12342: Expt. B; Daily Rhythm in Expression of >600 Genes in the Rodent Pineal Gland: Dominant Role of Adrenergic/cAMP Signaling; GSE12343: Expt. C; Daily Rhythm in Expression of >600 Genes in the Rodent Pineal Gland: Dominant Role of Adrenergic/cAMP Signaling Experiment Overall Design: Refer to individual Series
Project description:Parkinson disease (PD) is characterized by extensive loss of A9 dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). A strong association has been reported between PD and exposure to mitochondrial toxins such as the environmental pesticides paraquat, maneb, and rotenone. Here, using a robust, patient-derived, stem cell model of PD that allows comparison of -synuclein ( -syn) mutant cells and isogeneic mutation-corrected controls, we identify mitochondrial toxin-induced perturbations specific to A53T -syn mutant A9-DA neurons (hNs). We report a novel molecular pathway whereby basal as well as toxin-induced oxidative and nitrosative stress inhibits the MEF2C-PGC1 transcription network in A53T hNs compared to corrected controls, contributing to mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptotic cell death. Our data provide mechanistic insight into gene-environmental interaction (GxE) in the pathogenesis of PD. Furthermore, using small molecule high-throughput screening, we identify the MEF2C-PGC1 pathway as a new drug target for therapeutic benefit in PD. In the current study, isogenic hiPSCs differing exclusively at a single amino acid (A53T) were exposed to either 2.8uM paraquat in combination with 1uM maneb for 24h or PBS vehicle control. Gene expression profile was analysed to assess the effect of both the genotype and exposure regiment on gene expression.
Project description:Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell integrity is critical to the maintenance of retinal function. Many retinopathies such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are caused by the degeneration or malfunction of the RPE cell layer. Replacement of diseased RPE with healthy, stem cell derived RPE is a potential therapeutic strategy for treating AMD. Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) differentiated into RPE progeny have potential to provide an unlimited supply of cells for transplantation but challenges around scalability and efficiency of the differentiation process still remain. Using hESC-derived RPE as a cellular model, we sought to understand mechanisms that could be modulated to increase RPE yield following differentiation. Our data show that activation of the cAMP pathway increases proliferation of dissociated RPE in culture, in part through inhibition of TGFβ signalling. This in turn results in enhanced uptake of epithelial identity. In line with these findings, targeted manipulation of the TGFβ pathway with small molecules produces an increase in efficiency of RPE re-epithelialization. Taken together, these data highlight mechanisms that promote epithelial fate acquisition in stem cell derived RPE. Modulation of these pathways has potential to favorably impact upon scalability and clinical translation of hESC-derived RPE as a cell therapy. A sample of Gene Pool™ cDNA, from human fetal normal brain tissue (Invitrogen D8830-01) is included for reference.
Project description:EPAC1, a cAMP-activated GEF for Rap GTPases, is a major transducer of cAMP signaling in normal cells and a therapeutic target in cardiac diseases. The recent discovery that cAMP is compartmentalized in membrane-proximal nanodomains challenged the current model of EPAC1 activation in the cytosol. Here, we discover that anionic membranes are a major component of EPAC1 activation. We find that anionic membranes activate EPAC1 in the absence of cAMP, that they increase its affinity for cAMP by 2 orders of magnitude, and that they synergize with cAMP to yield maximal GEF activity. Thus, EPAC1 has four states that differ in their affinity for cAMP and GEF efficiency. In cells, where cytosolic cAMP is low, this implies that EPAC1 must be primed by membranes to bind cAMP. Examination of the inhibitory mechanism of the cardiomyocyte-active chemical CE3F4 in this new framework further reveals that it targets only only membrane- and cAMP-activated EPAC1. Together, our findings reformulate previous concepts of cAMP signaling to include a hitherto overlooked role of membranes through EPAC proteins, with important implications for drug discovery.
Project description:The vast majority of cold sensitive DRG neurons from mice do not express the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.8. Therefore, we aimed to compare the molecular profiles of NaV1.8 and non-NaV1.8-expressing neurons using microarray analysis. Fluorescent activated cell sorting was performed at 4 degrees centigrade on acutely dissociated DRG neurons from mice expressing NaV1.8-Cre, Pirt-GCaMP3 and a Cre-dependent global reporter (td tomato). NaV1.8-expressing neurons were sorted based on their reporter fluorescence (td tomato; red) and putative cold sensing neurons were sorted based on their GCaMP3 fluorescence at 4 degrees centigrade and absence of Cre-dependent reporter fluorescence. A total of three mice were used (samples one, two and three) with GCaMP3 only and NaV1.8-expressing neurons forming two relative populations within each sample (eg. GC3 one is the experimental counterpart of Tom one).