Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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The gene expression profile of Bacillus subtilis response to the high-temperature fermentation

ABSTRACT: High-temperature fermentation of the Bacillus subtilis isolated from the black part of maotai Daqu. Studying on the gene expression profile using microarray for analyzing the connection between metabolites and the maotai flavor substances. 84 differential expressed genes were obtained, including 40 up-regulated genes and 44 down-regulated genes.The differentially expressed genes involved in the metabolic pathways were just only KBL (glycine C - acetyltransferase) and ripA (bifunctional 3, 4 - dihydroxy - 4-2 - butanone phosphate synthase), up-regulated 2.9 and 2.9 times respectively, and their catalytic reaction prodction of aminobutyric acid and dihydroxy ethyl ketone phosphate, respectively. They may be further derived into alcohol and ketone flavoring substances. However, a large number of differential expressed genes was related to sporulation, such as ybaN (polysaccharide deacetylase) and rapA (aspartic acid phosphatase), they were up-regulated 17.5 times and down-regulated 112.5 times. YbaN is closely related to the formation of spore cortex and high temperature group spore cortex obvious thickening by TEM. RapA is signaling molecules to restrain spore formation, its lower expression can promote the sporulation in group A. Formation and release of peptidoglycan and the DPA (2, 6 - Pyridinedicarboxylic acid) of spore cortex during theseveral rounds of low temperature to high temperature circulation fermentation may be the main source of furan and pyranand nitrogen heterocyclic compounds in maotai flavor substances . In this paper, the formation of high-temperature fermentation Bacillus subtilis spores is closely related to the generation of maotai flavor substances. There are total of eight samples. It divided two groups, set as group A (High temperature fermentation) and B (normal temperature fermentation, continuous 37C). There are four replicates for each group.

ORGANISM(S): Bacillus subtilis

SUBMITTER: weiying wang

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-71067 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:In the search for renewable sources of energy, bioethanol stands out as a benchmark biofuel because its production is based on a proven technological platform. Bioethanol is produced mainly from the fermentation of carbohydrates derived from agricultural feedstocks by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. One of the most widely adopted strains is PE-2, a heterothallic diploid naturally adapted to the sugar cane fermentation process used in Brazil. Here we report the molecular genetic analysis of a PE-2 derived diploid (JAY270), and the complete genome sequence of a haploid derivative (JAY291). The JAY270 genome is highly heterozygous (~2 SNPs per kilobase), and has several structural polymorphisms between homologous chromosomes. These chromosomal rearrangements are confined to the peripheral regions of the chromosomes, and appear to reflect ectopic homologous recombination between repetitive DNA sequences. Despite the complex karyotype of JAY270, this diploid, when sporulated, had a high frequency of viable spores (~93%). Crosses of haploids derived from JAY270 to a haploid of the unrelated laboratory strain S288c also resulted in diploids that had good spore viability (75-95%). Thus, the rearrangements that exist near the ends of chromosomes do not impair meiosis and spore viability, as they do not span regions that contain essential genes. This observation is consistent with a model in which the peripheral regions of chromosomes represent plastic domains of the genome that are free to recombine ectopically and experiment with alternative structures that may be associated with a fitness benefit. We also explore features of the JAY270 and JAY291 genomes that help explain their high adaptation to industrial environments, exhibiting desirable phenotypes such as high cell mass production and fermentation kinetics, high temperature growth and oxidative stress tolerance. The genomic manipulation of such strains could enable the creation a new generation of industrial organisms, ideally suited for use as delivery vehicles for future bioenergy technologies.

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The gene expression profile of Bacillus subtilis response to the high-temperature fermentation

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