Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Investigating the Regulation of Hypopharyngeal Gland Activity in Honeybees Under Nutrition and Brood Pheromone Conditions through RNA-seq Transcriptomics

ABSTRACT: The hypopharyngeal gland (HG) is the main site of the synthesis and secretion of royal jelly protein (RJP), and shows high plasticity. To identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that affect the development of HG and the synthesis and secretion of RJP, we performed a digital gene expression analysis of 9 d Apis mellifera under different conditions of nutrition and exposure to brood pheromone.Six RNA-seq libraries were generated using RNA extracted from 9 d bee HGs. A total of 2801 DEGs were identified on the basis of at least one pairwise comparison, among which 205, 1617 and 2328 genes were differentially expressed in comparisons between the Pollen group and the Honey group, the Brood group and Pollen group and the Brood group and Honey group respectively. The Brood group exhibited the highest number of DEGs, suggesting that brood pheromone plays a key role in the HG ontogeny. A total of 1991 genes were mapped to 129 canonical signaling pathways found in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and the pathways associated with ribosome function and protein processing were significantly enriched. Hypopharyngeal gland mRNA profiles of 9-day old honeybees under three conditions (one control and two treatments) were generated by deep sequencing, in duplicate, using Illumina Hiseq 2500 platform.

ORGANISM(S): Apis mellifera

SUBMITTER: Lanting Ma

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-71750 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:As a matter of fact, honeybees are vital for the pollination of more than 80 crops of agricultural interest. However, population decline has become an important global issue causing significant concerns among agricultural experts and the broader public. For this, parasites are known to be the major culprits responsible for the losses of millions of honeybee colonies so far. Among these parasites, Varroa destructor has been identified as a major cause for global losses in Western honeybee (Apis mellifera) colonies. Hygienic behavior (HB), on the other hand, is a collective response by adult honeybees to defend against parasites and diseases that is known to involve in resistance towards Varroosis. Even with the efforts made to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying HB, it is still not understood. In our study, we have studied the proteomic correlates to HB using a honeybee line (selected for Varroa-specific HB for over a decade in Germany). We sampled individual worker bees from this line that showed HB after closer infrared video observations and compared the proteomes of their mushroom bodies and antennae with those of workers that came from the same set of colonies but didn't show the behaviour. Furthermore, we compared the pupal hemolymph for worker bees of the selected HB line and a control line using state-of-the art techniques of proteomics. We identified a total of 8609 proteins (covered >55% of the honeybee proteome) from these three honeybee tissues. This is the most comprehensive proteomic study of the honeybee HB to date, and the first to focus on individual bees expressing Varroa-specific HB. These results have significantly advanced our knowledge on the biology underlining HB to a new level. The uniquely found functional classes and pathways by the proteins identified in each tissue suggest that hygienic bees have shaped distinct proteome settings to underpin the HB. Moreover, during analysis of pupal hemolymph proteome, the HB-line has adapted a unique strategy to boost an individual and social immunity and drove pupal organogenesis via energy metabolism and protein biosynthesis. Moreover, in the mushroom bodies of different HB phenotypic worker bees, the hygienic bees have enhanced their neuronal sensitivity to promote the execution of HB by activation of synaptic vesicles and calcium channel activities. Moreover, in the antennae of two HB phenotypic worker bees, the hygienic bees have demonstrated strengthening of their sensitivity associated with olfactory senses and signal transmissions, which is important to input a strong signal to the mushroom bodies and initiate HB. In conclusion, our novel findings have significantly extended our understandings of the molecular mechanisms that underline the HB to combat Varroa infestation. Furthermore, we identified a wide array of novel markers that are useful for accelerating marker associated selection of HB to aid in the natural resistance to a parasite blamed for a global decline in honeybee health.

Dataset Information

Investigating the Regulation of Hypopharyngeal Gland Activity in Honeybees Under Nutrition and Brood Pheromone Conditions through RNA-seq Transcriptomics

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