Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

Dataset Information

Transcriptomic differences between euryhaline and stenohaline malaria vector sibling species in response to salinity stress [set2]

ABSTRACT: We use RNA-Seq to explore the reaction norm of gene expression of larval Anopheles coluzzii and An. merus to a gradient of salinity. After rearing in freshwater, separate pools of 18 h post-hatch larval instars of An. merus and An. coluzzii were briefly (6 h) exposed to one of six water salinities: 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, or 50% the salinity of seawater. The last sample (G-50-RC) was split across 5 lanes for sequencing, resulting in total 10 fastq files associated with subparts G-50-RCa, G-50-RCb, G-50-RCc, G-50-RCd, G-50-RCe.

ORGANISM(S): Anopheles merus

SUBMITTER: Hilary Uyhelji

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-74819 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Publications

Transcriptomic differences between euryhaline and stenohaline malaria vector sibling species in response to salinity stress.

Uyhelji Hilary A HA Cheng Changde C Besansky Nora J NJ

Molecular ecology 20160331 10

Evolution of osmoregulatory systems is a key factor in the transition of species between fresh- and saltwater habitats. Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles merus are stenohaline and euryhaline malaria vector mosquitoes belonging to a larger group of sibling species, the Anopheles gambiae complex, which radiated in Africa within the last 2 million years. Comparative ecological genomics of these vector species can provide insight into the mechanisms that permitted the rapid radiation of this species ...[more]

PMID: 26945667

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Project description:In this study, RNA-Seq was used to reveal the differences of molecular pathways in hepatopancreas of O. niloticus adapated to water with salinity of 8 or 16 practical salinity (psu), respectively, with fish at freshwater as the control,. Significantly changed pathways were mainly related to lipid metabolism, glucose utilization, protein consumption, osmotic regulation, signal transduction and immunology. Based on the tendencies from freshwater to 8 or 16 psu, the differentially expressed gene unions were categorized into eight unique models, which were further classified into three categories which were constant-change (either keep increasing or decreasing), change-then-stable and stable-then-change. In constant-change category, steroid biosynthesis, steroid hormone biosynthesis, fat digestion and absorption, complement and coagulation cascades were extremely significantly affected by ambient salinity (P < 0.01), indicating that these pathways play pivotal roles in molecular response to salinity acclimation from freshwater to saline water in O. niloticus, and should be the main research focus in the future. In change-then-stable category, ribosome, oxidative phosphorylation, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) signaling pathway, fat digestion and absorption changed significantly with ambient increasing salinity (P < 0.01), showing these pathways were sensitive to environmental salinity variation, but had a response threshold, and would stop changing once salinity exceeds the threshold. In stable-then-change category, protein export, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, tight junction, thyroid hormone synthesis, antigen processing and presentation, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - keratan sulfate were the top changed pathways (P < 0.01), suggesting that these pathways were not sensitive to salinity variation, but these pathways will respond significantly under salinity exceeding a certain level. The pathways and genes reported in this study laid on a solid foundation for future studies in understanding the underlying mechanism for salinity adaptation of freshwater fish. Examination of 3 different salinities treated hepatopancreas in Nile tilapia

Project description:A deeper understanding of malaria parasite development inside the Anopheles mosquito may lead to the identification of processes that can be targeted by transmission-blocking interventions. Paraquat (1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridylium dichloride) is a potent superoxide-inducing agent that impacts Plasmodium ookinete development, especially at higher concentrations. Compounds like Paraquat can potentially induce an oxidative imbalance in the mosquito midgut during ookinete maturation, essentially super-stressing the parasite leading to the arrested development of ookinetes, the only stage that can invade through a mosquito midgut cell to establish an oocyst infection in the mosquito. The mosquito midgut has evolved to handle the natural production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS, respectively) as a result of feeding on blood. The addition of Paraquat to a bloodmeal is expected to induce a cognate response in the midgut to handle the excess ROS/RNS, and high concentrations of this compound can potentially overwhelm the midgut response leading to mosquito death. While several studies have explored the effect of Paraquat on malaria parasites, a fundamental understanding of the mosquito response to this compound remains unknown. Here, we quantified the mosquito midgut proteomic response to a Paraquat-laced sugar meal to understand the intrinsic midgut response (in the absence of a bloodmeal). We then carried out transcriptomic analysis of the mosquito midgut for several antioxidants of the Trx and GSH pathways to compare concordance or discordance between protein and its transcripts during different oxidative stress conditions. Finally, we determined whether the same Trx and GSH pathways are upregulated following infection with either P. falciparum or P. berghei at 24 hrs post-blood feeding, coinciding with the time point for maximal ookinete traversal of the midgut. We discuss the potential selective action of Paraquat on the parasite and the intrinsic tolerance of the mosquito midgut to Paraquat-mediated oxidative stress.

Dataset Information

Transcriptomic differences between euryhaline and stenohaline malaria vector sibling species in response to salinity stress [set2]

Publications

Transcriptomic differences between euryhaline and stenohaline malaria vector sibling species in response to salinity stress.

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