Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) reveals sex chromosome location and gene movement in stalk-eyed flies (family Diopsidae)
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Sphyracephala beccarii
SUBMITTER: Richard Baker
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-75874 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:We utilized Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH), using probes designed from de novo assembly of a testes transcriptome, to identify genes located on the sex chromosomes and autosomes of a stalk-eyed fly, Sphyracephala beccarii. Analysis of X chromosome gene content revealed the evolution of a neo-X chromosome that originated prior to the diversification of the family. Comparison of X-linkage across three species spanning the phylogenetic breadth of the family indicates abundant chromosomal gene movement, particularly for genes expressed exclusively in the testes. Two-condition experiment, female vs. male DNA, for one species with 3 biological replicates
2015-12-11 | E-GEOD-75873 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We utilized Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH), using probes designed from de novo assembly of a testes transcriptome, to identify genes located on the sex chromosomes and autosomes of a stalk-eyed fly, Teleopsis quinqueguttata. Analysis of X chromosome gene content revealed the evolution of a neo-X chromosome that originated prior to the diversification of the family. Comparison of X-linkage across three species spanning the phylogenetic breadth of the family indicates abundant chromosomal gene movement, particularly for genes expressed exclusively in the testes. Two-condition experiment, female vs. male DNA, for one species with 3 biological replicates
2015-12-11 | E-GEOD-75872 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We utilized Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH), using probes designed from de novo assembly of 10 tissues into a grand transcriptome to identify genes located on the X and Y chromosomes of a stalk-eyed fly, Teleopsis dalmanni. We use next generation sequencing of RNA to identify over 500 genes that are differentially expressed in the testes due to the effects of a driving X chromosome (XSR) in T. dalmanni. Most of these genes were X-linked, evolving more rapidly than control genes, and exhibit elevated expression in the gonads. Finally, XSR has become genetically differentiated from standard X chromosomes M-bM-^@M-^S using the RNA sequence data, we found nearly 1000 sites in X-linked genes and only a handful in autosomal genes where there was a fixed nucleotide difference. We conclude that XSR has led to widespread sequence and expression divergence on the X chromosome in T. dalmanni. Two-condition experiment, female vs. male DNA, for one species with 4 biological replicates
2014-03-06 | E-GEOD-55601 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In this study, we utilized Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH), using probes designed from EST sequence, to identify genes located on the X chromosome of four species in the stalk-eyed fly genus Teleopsis. Analysis of log ratio values from the CGH microarrays for over 3400 genes produces a strongly bimodal distribution that clearly differentiates autosomal from X-linked genes for all four species. Genetic mapping of 35 of these genes in T. dalmanni indicates the CGH results correctly identified chromosomal location in all cases. Syntenic comparison with Drosophila indicates that 90% of the X-linked genes in Teleopsis are homologous to genes located on chromosome 2L in D. melanogaster, suggesting the formation of a nearly complete neo-X chromosome from Muller element B in the Dipteran lineage leading to Teleopsis. Overall, this study demonstrates CGH is a useful technique for identifying chromosomal sex-linkage and should be applicable to other organisms with EST or partial genomic information. Two-condition experiment, female vs. male DNA, for four species, each with 4 biological replicates
2010-05-06 | E-GEOD-20315 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background: Stalk-eyed flies (family Diopsidae) are a model system for studying sexual selection due to the presence of elongated and sexually dimorphic eye-stalks in many species. Recent genomic studies on these flies have revealed a neo-X chromosome and evidence of gene movement onto or off of this X chromosome. To determine if sex linkage and gene movement are related to sexual dimorphism and sexual conflict, we compared gene expression between males and females using oligonucleotide microarrays and RNA from either developing eyestalk tissue or adult heads from a dimorphic species, Teleopsis dalmanni, or from developing eyestalk tissue in a congeneric monomorphic species, T. quinqueguttata. Results: Comparison of gene expression between the sexes for 3,748 genes indicates that dosage compensation is present due to elevated expression of X-linked genes in males. However, sex-biased expression was detected in 26% of the genes present in eye-antennal imaginal discs of larval T. dalmanni. Functional annotation reveals that female-biased genes are associated with transcription, anatomical development and cell communication in the nucleus, while male-biased genes are associated with metabolism and the mitochondria. Comparison of gene expression between experiments identified 140 genes with concordant sex-biased expression in the larval and adult tissues of T. dalmanni and 17 genes with identical sex-biased expression between species. There were only five reversals of sex-biased expression across experiments. In T. dalmanni, male-biased genes are more common on autosomes than on the X while female-biased genes are more common on the X in T. quinqueguttata. Female-biased expression is especially common among genes that moved onto the ancestral X while male-biased expression is more common among genes that moved onto an autosome. Conclusions: Genes with sex-biased expression exhibit different functions in each sex as expected if sexual conflict has influenced their evolution. The strong relationship between sex-biased expression and gene movement found in this study is consistent with resolution of sexual conflict by an RNA- or DNA-mediated process that moves genes between chromosomes. Measurement of gene expression in additional species should provide a more complete picture of how gene expression change occurs over evolutionary time in these extraordinary flies. Two-condition experiment, female vs. male RNA using larval eye discs for two species (Teleopsis dalmanni, Teleopsis quinqueguttata), and adult heads for one species (Teleopsis dalmanni).
2012-04-09 | E-GEOD-37121 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Stalk-eyed flies (family Diopsidae) are a model system for studying sexual selection due to the elongated and sexually dimorphic eye-stalks found in some species. These flies are of additional interest because their X chromosome is derived largely from an autosomal arm in other flies. To investigate how sex-biased expression arose on the novel X we compared gene expression between males and females using oligonucleotide microarrays and RNA from developing eyestalk tissue in the sexually monomorphic diopsid, Teleopsis quinqueguttata. We use probe sequence divergence to evaluate cross-species ascertainment bias and chromosome assignment to determine if sex linkage influence expression. Microarray analysis revealed sex-biased expression for only 1.9% of 3,748 genes expressed in eye-antennal imaginal discs. Analysis of probe sequences between species indicates that the lack of sex-biased expression is not due to ascertainment bias. These findings indicate that the the majority of sex-biased gene expression observed in developing heads of the dimorphic species, T. dalmanni, is causally related to development of dimorphic head shape. Two-condition experiment, female vs. male RNA using larval eye discs and adult heads for one species (Teleopsis quinqueguttata)
2014-01-01 | E-GEOD-46694 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE11311: Drosophila Sex Hierarchy Regulated Gene Expression in 48 hour APF Pupae GSE11313: Drosophila Gene Expression During Metamorphosis in Wild Type and Germline Minus Pupae Keywords: SuperSeries Refer to individual Series
2009-02-10 | E-GEOD-11316 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Drosophila melanogaster undergoes a complete metamorphosis, during which time the larval male and female forms transition into sexually dimorphic, reproductive adult forms. To understand this complex morphogenetic process at a molecular-genetic level, we performed whole genome microarray analyses. Genes were identified that were expressed during metamorphosis in both somatic and germline tissues of males and females. Additionally, genes were identified that display sex-specific differences in abundance in both of these tissues at discrete times during metamorphosis. Keywords: time course; wild type; genetic modification; Gene expression was examined at five time points during metamorphosis: 0, 24, 48, 71, and 96 hr After Puparium Formation (APF). Gene expression was examined separately in males and females for both wild type pupae and tudor (tud) progeny. tud progeny have genetically ablated germline tissues. All samples were labeled with Cy5 and compared against a common reference sample labeled with Cy3. The reference sample contained male and female wild type pupae from all stages of metamorphosis. All experiments were conducted in triplicate.
2009-02-10 | E-GEOD-11313 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The goal of this study was to compare the transcriptional profile (RNA-seq) of seven-week-old auxin resistant pIAA26::IAA26-P108H-GFP transgenic plants to non-transformed control plants to identify candidate genes and pathways regulated by IAA26. RNA-seq analysis was performed with A. thaliana ecotype Shahdara seven-week-old leaves from auxin resistant pIAA26::IAA26-P108H-GFP transgenic plants or non-transformed controls. Four fully expanded leaves were collected from each test plant and total RNA from four to six individual test plants was pooled for each of the three biological replicates. Sequencing was carried out on an Illumina HiSeq 1500 platform using rapid run mode with 50 nt single end reads.
2016-04-14 | E-GEOD-75983 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE19571: Ceratitis capitata gene expression related to sexual maturation in females GSE19572: Ceratitis capitata gene expression related to sexual maturation in males GSE19573: Ceratitis capitata gene expression related to mating status in mature females (mated vs virgin) GSE19608: Ceratitis capitata gene expression related to mating status in mature males (mated vs virgin) Refer to individual Series
2011-12-25 | E-GEOD-19614 | biostudies-arrayexpress