Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Identification of genes involved in the anti-inflammatory effects of berberine in DNP-activated mouse MC/9 mast cells

ABSTRACT: Atopic dermatitis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by infiltration of inflammatory cells, extensive pruritus and a clinical course of symptomatic flares and remissions. Berberine (BER), a naturally occurring isoquinoline alkaloid, has many pharmacological effects including inhibition of protein synthesis, cell cycle arrest, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, a detailed molecular mechanism underling the anti-inflammatory action of BER in inflammatory cells is unclear. Here, to identify genes involved in the anti-inflammatory effects of BER in DNP-activated mouse MC/9 mast cells, global-scale gene expression analysis was carried out using a GeneChipÃÂ® system. Mouse MC/9 mast cells were treated with BER (10 microM), DNP (anti-DNP IgE, Sigma; 500 microg/ml) or a combination of BER and DNP. Total RNA samples were prepared from the cells, and quality of the RNA was analyzed using a Bioanalyzer 2100. Gene expression was analyzed by an Affymetrix GeneChipÃÂ® system with a Mouse Genome 430 2.0 array. Sample preparation for array hybridization was carried out as described in the manufacturerÃ¢ÂÂs instructions.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Yoshiaki Tabuchi

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-76202 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Although mast cells elicit proinflammatory and type I IFN responses upon VSV infection, in response to L.monocytogenes (L.m) or S. Typhimurium (S.t), such cells elicit a transcriptional program devoid of type I IFN response. Balanced induction of proinflamatory and type I interferon (IFN) responses upon activation of Toll like receptors (TLRs) determines the outcome of microbial infections and the pathogenesis of autoimmune and other inflammatory diseases. Mast cells, key components of the innate immune system, are known for their debilitating role in allergy and autoimmune syndromes. However, their potential role in anti-microbial host defenses is increasingly being acknowledged. How mast cells interact with microbes and the nature of responses triggered thereof is not well characterized. Here we show that in response to TLR activation by Gram-positive and negative bacteria or their components like LPS, unlike macrophages, mast cells elicit pro-inflammatory but not type I IFN responses. We demonstrate that in mast cells, the bound bacteria and TLR ligands remain trapped at the cell surface and do not undergo internalization - a prerequisite for type I IFN induction. Such cells could, however, elicit type I IFNs in response to vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), which accesses the cytosolic RIG-I receptor. Although important for anti-viral immunity, a strong type I IFN response is known to contribute to pathogenesis during bacterial infection. Thus, while endowed with the capacity to elicit type I IFNs in response to viral infection, the fact that mast cells only elicit pro-inflammatory responses upon bacterial infection illustrates that mast cells, key effector cells of the innate immune system, are well adjusted for optimal anti-bacterial and anti-viral responses. Wild type control (cntr) or interferon receptor (IFNAR)-deficient mast cells (MC) or macrophages (MAC) were infected with L.m. and S.t. (MOIs 50 and 5 for MC and MAC, respectively). MC and MAC were exposed to VSV-AV2 (MOI: 2). Samples were analyzed after 6 hours. Uninfected/unstimulated cells were used as reference samples for calculating fold change in gene expression. Gene Expression levels were determined by the Affymetrix MOE 430 2.0 GeneChips. Signal Intensities were calculated using the RMA algorithm and for statistical analysis we applied GeneSpring GX 10 software suite (Agilent Technologies, Waldbronn, Germany). MultiExperiment Viewer (MEV) software version 4.4 of the Institute for Genomic Research was used for clustering algorithm data analysis and visualization.

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Identification of genes involved in the anti-inflammatory effects of berberine in DNP-activated mouse MC/9 mast cells

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