BBBomics - Human Blood Brain Barrier Transcriptomics Hub
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
SUBMITTER: Asha Nair
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-76531 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
Publications
BBBomics-Human Blood Brain Barrier Transcriptomics Hub.
Kalari Krishna R KR Thompson Kevin J KJ Nair Asha A AA Tang Xiaojia X Bockol Matthew A MA Jhawar Navya N Swaminathan Suresh K SK Lowe Val J VJ Kandimalla Karunya K KK
Frontiers in neuroscience 20160301
Shared Molecules
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Project description:Functional and structural dysfunction of the blood brain barrier (BBB) leads to severe alterations in brain physiology and is believed to trigger neurodegeneration. To investigate the molecular mechanisms driving the BBB dysfunction, very few human BBB cell culture models are available;of which, the human microvascular endothelial cell line (hCMEC/D3) is the most widely used. Thus far, array-based approaches or targeted seqeuncing based approaches have been employed to characterize the gene expression of the hCMEC/D3 model. However,The goal of this study is to perform deep transcriptomic sequencing of the BBB cell line and obtain features like gene expression, expressed single nucleotide variants, alternate splice forms, circular RNAs, long non-coding RNAs and micro RNAs. We have developed blood brain barriers transcriptomics landscape using RNA and micro RNA sequencing data obtained from replicates of hCMEC/D3 BBB cell line.
2016-03-17 | E-GEOD-76530 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Healthy individuals on the lower end of the insulin sensitivity spectrum also have a reduced gene expression response to exercise for specific genes. The goal of this study was to determine the relationship between insulin sensitivity and exercise-induced gene expression in an unbiased, global manner. Euglycemic clamps were used to measure insulin sensitivity and muscle biopsies were done at rest and 30 minutes after a single acute exercise bout in 14 healthy participants. Changes in mRNA expression were assessed using microarrays [GSE43219], and miRNA analysis was performed in a subset of 6 of the participants using sequencing techniques.
2015-02-27 | E-GEOD-66334 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We report the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment on the microRNA expression in human muscle cells Primary cultures of human muscle cells were treated with 1,25(OH)2D3 or vehicle for 48 hours.
2015-11-24 | E-GEOD-70933 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series
2015-11-24 | E-GEOD-70934 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Olfactory ensheathing cells are one of the few central nervous system regenerative cells discovered so far. It is characterized by its lifelong nerve regeneration function, and it can also release a variety of neurotrophic factors and neural adhesion molecules. It is considered to be the glial cell with the strongest myelination ability. Olfactory ensheathing cells and Schwann cells have phenotypes in common, they can promote axon regeneration(R. Doucette, 1995). Olfactory ensheathing cells have the characteristics of Schwann cells and astrocytes, but the overall performance tends to be the former, which has two unique characteristics. First, it exists not only in the peripheral nerves (Schwann cells), but also in the central nervous system (astroglia); second, the olfactory mucosa has the ability to regenerate life-long, including human olfactory ensheathing cells(J. C. Bartolomei and C. A. Greer, 2000). Regeneration is a process in which olfactory ensheathing cells participate in efficient regulation, although the specific mechanism is not yet clear. Olfactory ensheathing cells are different from astrocytes and Schwann cells, but at the same time have the characteristics of these two cells(S. C. Barnett, 2004), like Schwann cells help axon growth, but more than Schwann cells It can make axons grow long distances, that is, it has stronger migration(A. Ramon-Cueto et al., 1998); there are also astrocytes that have a nutritional effect on the survival of neurons and the growth of axons, but olfactory ensheathing cells can also wrap neurons forms myelin sheath to support the growth of nerve processes(R. Devon and R. Doucette, 1992; J. Gu et al., 2019). There are two characteristics that make olfactory ensheathing cells the best choice for the treatment of neurological diseases(S. C. Chiu et al., 2009; J. Kim et al., 2018; M. Abdel-Rahman et al., 2018). Olfactory ensheathing cells are gradually used to treat spinal cord injuries and have shown amazing effects(J. C. Bartolomei and C. A. Greer, 2000; K. J. Liu et al., 2010; R. Yao et al., 2018). Olfactory ensheathing cells that have been used in research are usually derived from the olfactory bulb(E. H. Franssen et al., 2007), but it is easier to obtain olfactory ensheathing cells from the olfactory mucosa in clinical practice(M. Ryszard et al., 2006), so the difference between the olfactory ensheathing cells from the olfactory bulb and the olfactory mucosa There are more and more studies(B. M. U. et al., 2007), and previous studies have shown that they not only have many similar functions, but also have many differences(M. W. Richter et al., 2005; L. Wang et al., 2014; K. E. Smith et al., 2020). Because olfactory ensheathing cells derived from the olfactory bulb are not easy to obtain, olfactory ensheathing cells derived from the olfactory mucosa have become the focus of attention. Although we know that olfactory ensheathing cells from two sources have nerve repair functions, it is not clear why the two different sources of olfactory ensheathing cells have different therapeutic effects. Nicolas G. once studied that the genetic difference between the two cells and found that there are many genes related to wound repair and nerve regeneration(G. Nicolas et al., 2010). We have reason to guess that olfactory ensheathing cells from these two sources will also have a large difference in protein level. Our research group wants to use the current mature transcriptome and proteomic sequencing technologies to explore the difference between olfactory ensheathing cells from the olfactory bulb and olfactory mucosa, and explain why the two sources of olfactory ensheathing cells shows different therapeutic effects, hope to provide a new theoretical basis for future clinical treatment.
2022-02-16 | PXD024046 | Pride
Project description:Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are recently characterized players that are involved in the regulatory circuitry of self-renewal in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). However, the specific roles of lncRNAs in this circuitry are poorly understood. Here, we determined that growth-arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5), which is a known tumor suppressor and growth arrest gene, is abundantly expressed in the cytoplasm of hESCs and essential for hESC self-renewal. GAS5 depletion in hESCs significantly impaired their pluripotency and self-renewal ability, whereas GAS5 overexpression in hESCs accelerated the cell cycle, enhanced their colony formation ability and increased pluripotency marker expression. By RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, we determined that GAS5 activates NODAL-SMAD2/3 signaling by sustaining the expression of NODAL, which plays a key role in hESC self-renewal but not in somatic cell growth. Further studies indicated that GAS5 functions as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to protect NODAL mRNA against degradation and that GAS5 transcription is directly controlled by the core pluripotency transcriptional factors (TFs). Taken together, we suggest that the core TFs, GAS5 and NODAL-SMAD2/3 form a feed-forward loop to maintain the hESC self-renewal process. These findings are specific to ESCs and did not occur in the somatic cell lines we tested; therefore, our findings also provide evidence that the functions of lncRNAs vary in different biological contexts. We analyzed long non-coding RNAs in two hESC cell lines (X-01 and H1), and found GAS5 is highly expressed and functional in maintaining hESC self-renewal. We generate stable overexpressed or knockdown hESC cell lines using lentiviral approach. We transfected cells initialy after passage, and lentiviruses are added with daily medium change for three days (at a final concentration of 10^5 IU/ml). Puromycin is added for selection and supplied with daily medium change. Stable cell lines are established after two passages and verified under fluorescence scope. Total RNAs and miRNAs are extracted separately of all three cell lines (LV-NC, LV-GAS5 and LV-shGAS5) and put to sequencing.
2016-03-17 | E-GEOD-66993 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The green alga Volvox carteri is a model organism for the development of multicellularity. It has a spherical shape with a complete division of labor between around 2000 somatic cells and 16 reproductive cells. When comparing Volvox with its unicellular relative Chlamydomonas rheinhardtii, one striking observation is the similarity in the protein coding genes [1]. Additionally, Baulcombe and colleagues showed that Chlamydomonas contains functional RNAi and miRNA machineries [2]. We deep sequenced small RNAs of the female Volvox strain HK10 in different life stages (asexual reproduction to sexual reproduction), each time dividing the samples into somatic cells and reproductive cells. This allowed for the observation not only of differences in individual life stages, but also for monitoring sRNA content in the two cell types. We show that Volvox expresses miRNAs and that they are 2â??-O-methylated at the 3â?? end. The expression profiles of several miRNAs were validated by Northern blotting showing a differential expression both between cell types and between life stages. Intriguingly, most miRNAs do not seem to be conserved between Volvox and Chlamydomonas, raising the interesting question if this changed miRNome leads to differently targeted mRNAs thus resulting in cell differentiation. Since only little is known about the transcriptome of Volvox, we performed RNASeq in order to analyze potential miRNA targets. In conclusion, most miRNA in Volvox are not conserved in Chlamydomonas although the two species are evolutionary close together. This suggests that dramatic changes in the miRNA expression might be one of the driving forces for the development of multicellularity. 1. Prochnik, S.E., et al., Genomic analysis of organismal complexity in the multicellular green alga Volvox carteri. Science, 2010. 329(5988): p. 223-6. 2. Molnar, A., et al., miRNAs control gene expression in the single-cell alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Nature, 2007. 447(7148): p. 1126-9. Examination of small RNAs of Volvox carteri during different stages of its life cycle
2016-07-01 | E-GEOD-58704 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The role of microRNAs in gene regulation has been well established. The extent of miRNA regulation also increases with increasing genome complexity. Though the number of genes appear to be equal between human and zebrafish, substantially less microRNAs have been discovered in zebrafish compared to human (Release 19). It appears that most of the miRNAs in zebrafish are yet to be discovered. We sequenced small RNAs from brain, gut, liver, ovary, testis, eye, heart and embryo of zebrafish. In brain, gut and liver sequencing was done in male and female separately. Majority of the sequenced reads (16-62%) mapped to known miRNAs, with the exception of ovary (5.7%) and testis (7.8%). Using the miRNA discovery tool (miRDeep2), we discovered novel miRNAs from the un-annotated reads that ranged from 7.6 to 23.0%, with exceptions of ovary (51.4%) and testis (55.2%). The prediction tool identified a total of 459 novel pre-miRNAs. We compared expression of miRNAs between different tissues and between males and females to identify tissue associated and sex associated miRNAs respectively. These miRNAs could serve as putative biomarkers for these tissues. The brain and liver had highest number of tissue associated (22) and sex associated (34) miRNAs, respectively. This study comprehensively identifies tissue and sex associated miRNAs in zebrafish. Further, we have discovered 459 novel pre-miRNAs (~30% seed homology to human miRNA) as a genomic resource which can facilitate further investigations to understand miRNA-mRNA gene regulatory networks in zebrafish which will have implications in understanding the function of human homologs. Known miRNA profiling, novel miRNA discovery and identification of tissue associated and sex associated miRNAs from sRNA deep sequencing data of different tissues and embryo of zebrafish (in triplicate) was carried out using the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform.
2015-10-16 | E-GEOD-57169 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Motivation: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short regulatory RNAs derived from a longer precursor RNA. miRNA biogenesis has been studied in animals and plants, recently elucidating more diverse and complex aspects, such as non-conserved, speciesspecific, and heterogeneous miRNA precursor populations. Small RNA sequencing data can be used to computationally determine genomic loci of miRNA precursors. The challenge is to predict a valid miRNA precursor from inhomogeneous read coverage: while the mature miRNA typically produces hundreds of sequence reads, the remaining part of the precursor is covered very sparsely. Results: We introduce a new conservation-independent method for the identification of miRNA precursors, that allows for speciesspecific heterogeneous precursor populations. The algorithm requires small RNA sequencing data and evaluates precursor secondary structures, with key parameters that can be adjusted based on the specific organism under investigation (within animals, plants, algae). We illustrate the validity of results from our algorithm using sequencing data for the two Volvocine algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlamydomonas) and Volvox carteri (Volvox). Both organisms show little cross-species miRNA sequence conservation, and a heterogeneous miRNA precursor population. We validate our list of Chlamydomonas miRNAs with annotated miRNAs, and demonstrate excellent agreement. Furthermore, we are able to identify additional novel miRNA precursors, with structures ranging from simple mammalian-like hairpins to precursor structures indicating the creation of multiple mature/star miRNA duplexes. Novel miRNAs identified in Volvox show no similarity to mature miRNAs in Chlamydomonas. These results confirm the need for conservationindependent miRNA identification methods. Examination of small RNAs of Volvox carteri during different stages of its life cycle
2016-03-02 | E-GEOD-58703 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs), known to modulate gene expression through post-transcriptional mechanisms, were implied in regulation of early pregnancy events including maternal recognition of pregnancy and implantation. To characterize complex transcriptomic changes in expression of miRNAs in pregnant and cyclic endometria collected on days 12, 16 and 20 was analyzed using Illumina deep sequencing. This research showed repertoire of pregnancy-related miRNAs in porcine endometrium during initial stages of conceptus implantation and during the estrous cycle and sheds light on miRNA-mediated gene expression regulation mechanism at the maternal-conceptus interface. miRNAs and isomiRs expression profiles were analyzed in samples collected from porcine endometrium on Days 12, 16 and 20 of pregnancy and estrous cycle. Each group was represented by 4 to 6 samples. Generated libraries were run in multiplex using specific barcodes to differentiate samples. Illumina sequencing was performed in duplicate (two runs) and after demultiplexing, the same samples from two independent runs were concatenated.
2015-11-06 | E-GEOD-64863 | biostudies-arrayexpress