Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Transcription profiling of human MCF-7 breast cancer cells transfected with TGFBR1*6A the hypomorphic variant of TGFBR1 to identify genes in the genes in the migratory pathway

ABSTRACT: TGFBR1*6A is a common hypomorphic variant of the type 1 Transforming Growth Factor Beta Receptor (TGFBR1), which has been associated with increased cancer risk in some studies. Although TGFBR1*6A is capable of switching TGF-Î² growth inhibitory signals into growth stimulatory signals when stably transfected into MCF-7 breast cancer cells, TGFBR1*6A biological effects are largely unknown. To broadly explore TGFBR1*6A potential oncogenic properties, we assessed its impact on the migration and invasion of MCF-7 cells. We found that TGFBR1*6A significantly enhances MCF-7 cell migration and invasion in a TGF-Î² signaling independent manner. We set up and performed a gene array using the conditions mimicking the cell migration experiments to determine which genes in the migratory pathway were differentially regulated between the MCF-7*6A cells and the MCF-7*9A (wild type transfected) cells. The gene array identified two downregulated genes in *6A compared to *9A that are involved in cell migration and invasion: ARHGAP5, encoding ARHGAP5, and FN1, encoding fibronectin-1 (FN1). We were subsequently able to use this information in further studies in the lab. Experiment Overall Design: MCF-7 cells were stably transfected with pIRES-TGFBR1-HA-FLAG or pIRES-TGFBR1*6A-HA-FLAG. Clones were picked up and named 6A-SA5 and WT-WB1 referring to the *6A and TGFBR1 clones, respectively. We have found that the *6A mutation causes an increase in migration and invasion of MCF-7 cells which is independent of TGF-beta. We used the gene array to identify genes that were differentially regulated between the two cell lines that could lead to this phenotype. We collected RNA from samples that were serum-deprived overnight prior to being fed with complete media to mimic the conditions in the migration experiment. No exogenous growth factors were added to the media besides the normal 10% heat inactivated FBS. Samples were collected and run in triplicate (referred to in this data set as sample 1, sample 2, and sample 3). The âuntreatedâ refers to the fact that samples were grown in complete media alone with no exogenously added growth factors.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

SUBMITTER: Boris Pasche

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-9093 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:The estrogen-dependence of breast cancer has long been recognized, however, the role of 17Î²-estradiol (E2) in cancer initiation was not known until we demonstrated that it induces complete neoplastic transformation of the human breast epithelial cells MCF-10F. E2-treatment of MCF-10F cells progressively induced high colony efficiency and loss of ductulogenesis in early transformed (trMCF) cells and invasiveness in Matrigel invasion chambers. The cells that; crossed the chamber membrane were collected and identified as bsMCF, and their subclones designated bcMCF, and the cells harvested from carcinoma formation in SCID mice designated caMCF. These phenotypes correlated with gene dysregulation during the progression of the ; transformation. The highest number of dysregulated genes was observed in caMCF, being slightly lower in bcMCF, and lowest in trMCF. This order was consistent with the extent of chromosome aberrations (caMCF > bcMCF >>> trMCF). Chromosomal amplifications were found in 1p36.12-pter, 5q21.1-qter and 13q21.31-qter. Losses of the complete chromosome 4 and 8p11.21-23.1 were found only in tumorigenic cells. In tumor-derived cell lines, additional losses were found in 3p12.1-14.1, 9p22.1-pter and 18q11.21-qter. Functional profiling of dysregulated genes revealed progressive changes in the integrin signaling pathway, inhibition of apoptosis, acquisition of tumorigenic cell surface markers and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In tumorigenic cells, the levels of E-cadherin, EMA, and various keratins were low and CD44E/CD24 were negative, whereas SNAI2, vimentin, S100A4, FN1, HRAS, TGFÎ²1 and; CD44H were high. The phenotypic and genomic changes triggered by estrogen exposure that lead normal cells to tumorigenesis confirm the role of this steroid hormone in cancer initiation. Experiment Overall Design: Human MCF-10F cells were transformed by 70nM 17-beta-estradiol. The transformed cells were selected by Boyden chamber. The selected cells were injected into SCID mice and also cloned and expanded. The thus grown tumors were harvested for cell culture. Genomic DNA and total RNA were isolated from cell lines in each step for 100K SNP and gene expression microarray assay.

Project description:Background: Cancer stem cells are presumed to have virtually unlimited proliferative and self-renewal abilities and to be highly resistant to chemotherapy, a feature that is associated with overexpression of ATP-binding cassette transporters. We investigated whether prolonged continuous selection of cells for drug resistance enriches cultures for cancer stem-like cells. Methods: Cancer stem cells were defined as CD44+/CD24– cells that could self-renew (ie, generate cells with the tumorigenic CD44+/CD24– phenotype), differentiate, invade, and form tumors in vivo. We used doxorubicin-selected MCF-7/ADR cells, weakly tumorigenic parental MCF-7 cells, and MCF-7/MDR, an MCF-7 subline with forced expression of ABCB1 protein. Cells were examined for cell surface markers and side-population fractions by microarray and flow cytometry, with in vitro invasion assays, and for ability to form mammospheres. Xenograft tumors were generated in mice to examine tumorigenicity (n = 52). The mRNA expression of multidrug resistance genes was examined in putative cancer stem cells and pathway analysis of statistically significantly differentially expressed genes was performed. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Pathway analysis showed that MCF-7/ADR cells express mRNAs from ABCB1 and other genes also found in breast cancer stem cells (eg, CD44, TGFB1, and SNAI1). MCF-7/ADR cells were highly invasive, formed mammospheres, and were tumorigenic in mice. In contrast to parental MCF-7 cells, more than 30% of MCF-7/ADR cells had a CD44+/CD24– phenotype, could self-renew, and differentiate (ie, produce CD44+/CD24– and CD44+/CD24+ cells), and overexpressed various multidrug resistance-linked genes (including ABCB1, CCNE1, and MMP9). MCF-7/ADR cells were statistically significantly more invasive in Matrigel than parental MCF-7 cells (MCF-7 cells = 0.82 cell per field and MCF-7/ADR = 7.51 cells per field, difference = 6.69 cells per field, 95% confidence interval = 4.82 to 8.55 cells per field, P<.001). No enrichment in the CD44+/CD24– or CD133+ population was detected in MCF-7/MDR. Conclusion: The cell population with cancer stem cell characteristics increased after prolonged continuous selection for doxorubicin resistance. PARALLEL study design with 4 samples Parental MCF-7 cell line versus Doxorubicin Resistant MCF-7 cell sublines Biological replicates: 2 parental controls, 2 drug resistant, independently grown and harvested. agent:Selection agent is multi-step doxorubicin selection: MCF7226ng, MCF7262ng biological replicate: MCF71, MCF72 biological replicate: MCF226ng, MCF7262ng

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Transcription profiling of human MCF-7 breast cancer cells transfected with TGFBR1*6A the hypomorphic variant of TGFBR1 to identify genes in the genes in the migratory pathway

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