Transcription profiling of human skeletal muscle transcript from trained or sedentary young and old subjects
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
SUBMITTER: Yan Asmann
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-9103 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
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2020-10-01 | GSE85311 | GEO
Project description:Aging is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance. We conducted a study to determine the role of long-term vigorous endurance exercise on age-related changes in insulin sensitivity and various indices of mitochondrial functions. Keywords: The effect of excises in young and old human subjects by transcription profiling
2007-11-01 | GSE9103 | GEO
Project description:The skeletal muscle system plays an important role in the independence of older adults. In this study we examine differences in the skeletal muscle transcriptome between healthy young and older subjects and (pre‐)frail older adults. Additionally, we examine the effect of resistance‐type exercise training on the muscle transcriptome in healthy older subjects and (pre‐)frail older adults. Baseline transcriptome profiles were measured in muscle biopsies collected from 53 young, 73 healthy older subjects, and 61 frail older subjects. Follow‐up samples from these frail older subjects (31 samples) and healthy older subjects (41 samples) were collected after 6 months of progressive resistance‐type exercise training. Frail older subjects trained twice per week and the healthy older subjects trained three times per week. At baseline genes related to mitochondrial function and energy metabolism were differentially expressed between older and young subjects, as well as between healthy and frail older subjects. Three hundred seven genes were differentially expressed after training in both groups. Training affected expression levels of genes related to extracellular matrix, glucose metabolism, and vascularization. Expression of genes that were modulated by exercise training was indicative of muscle strength at baseline. Genes that strongly correlated with strength belonged to the protocadherin gamma gene cluster (r = −0.73). Our data suggest significant remaining plasticity of ageing skeletal muscle to adapt to resistance‐type exercise training. Some age‐related changes in skeletal muscle gene expression appear to be partially reversed by prolonged resistance‐type exercise training. The protocadherin gamma gene cluster may be related to muscle denervation and re‐innervation in ageing muscle.
2018-07-24 | GSE117525 | GEO
Project description:Age-related declines in cardiorespiratory fitness and physical function are mitigated by regular endurance exercise in older adults. This may be due, in part, to changes in the transcriptional program of skeletal muscle following repeated bouts of exercise. However, the impact of chronic exercise training on the transcriptional response to an acute bout of endurance exercise has not been clearly determined. Here, we characterized baseline differences in muscle transcriptome and exercise-induced response in older adults who were active/endurance trained or sedentary. RNA-sequencing was performed on vastus lateralis biopsy specimens obtained before, immediately after, and 3 h following a bout of endurance exercise (40 min of cycling at 60%–70% of heart rate reserve). Using a recently developed bioinformatics approach, we found that transcript signatures related to type I myofibers, mitochondria, and endothelial cells were higher in active/endurance-trained adults and were associated with key phenotypic features including V̇o2peak, ATPmax, and muscle fiber proportion. Immune cell signatures were elevated in the sedentary group and linked to visceral and intermuscular adipose tissue mass. Following acute exercise, we observed distinct temporal transcriptional signatures that were largely similar among groups. Enrichment analysis revealed catabolic processes were uniquely enriched in the sedentary group at the 3-h postexercise timepoint. In summary, this study revealed key transcriptional signatures that distinguished active and sedentary adults, which were associated with difference in oxidative capacity and depot-specific adiposity. The acute response signatures were consistent with beneficial effects of endurance exercise to improve muscle health in older adults irrespective of exercise history and adiposity.
2022-03-01 | GSE151066 | GEO
Project description:The effects of exercise on the heart and its resistance to disease are well-documented. Recent studies have identified exercise-induced resistance to arrhythmia is due to the preservation of mitochondrial membrane potential. To identify novel metabolic changes that occurred parallel to these mitochondrial alterations, we performed non-targeted metabolomics analysis on hearts from sedentary (Sed) and exercise- trained (Ex) rats challenged with isolated heart ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R). Eight weeks old Sprague- Dawley rats were treadmill trained five days/week for six weeks (exercise duration and intensity progressively increased to 1 hour at 30 m/min up to 10.5% incline, 75-80% VO2mx). The recovery of pre-ischemic function for sedentary rat hearts was 28.8+/-5.4% (N=12) compared to exercise trained hearts which recovered 51.9%+/-5.7 (N=14)(p<0.001). Non-targeted GC-MS metabolomics analysis of 1) Sedentary rat hearts; 2) Exercise-trained rat hearts; 3) Sedentary rat hearts challenged with global ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury; and 4) Exercise-trained rat hearts challeged with global I/R (10/group) revealed 20 statistically significant metabolites between groups by ANOVA using Metaboanalyst (p<0.001). Enrichment analysis of these metabolites for pathway-associated metabolic sets indicated a >10 fold enrichment for ammonia recycling and protein biosynthesis (L-Glutamic acid; L-Proline; L-Histidine; L-Serine; L-Aspartic acid; L-Glutamine)(p<=4.05E-05, FDR=0.0024). Subsequent comparison of the sedentary hearts post-I/R and exercise-trained hearts post-I/R further identified significant differences in metabolites related to Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism (4) (p<=1.24E-05, FDR<=5.07E-4). These studies shed light on novel mechanisms in which exercise-induced cardioprotection occurs in I/R which complement both the mitochondrial stabilization and antioxidant mechanisms recently described. These findings also link protein synthesis and protein degradation (protein quality control mechanisms) with exercise-linked cardioprotection and mitochondrial susceptibility for the first time in cardiac I/R.
2017-05-20 | ST000897 | MetabolomicsWorkbench
Project description:Skeletal Muscle Transcript Profiles in Trained or Sedentary Young and Old Subjects
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Project description:Exercise has multi-systemic benefits and attenuates the physiological impairments associated with aging. Emerging evidence suggests that circulating exosomes mediate some of the beneficial effects of exercise via the transfer of microRNAs between tissues. However, the impact of regular exercise and acute exercise on circulating exosomal microRNAs (exomiRs) in older populations remains unknown. In the present study, we analyzed circulating exomiR expression in endurance-trained elderly men and age-matched sedentary males at baseline (Pre), immediately after a forty minute bout of aerobic exercise on a cycle ergometer (Post), and three hours after this acute exercise (3hPost). Plasma exosomes were isolated, characterized, and exomiR levels were determined by sequencing. The effect of regular exercise on circulating exomiRs was assessed using paired t-tests of baseline expression levels in the trained and sedentary groups. The effect of acute exercise was determined by comparing baseline and post-training expression levels in each group. Regular exercise resulted in significantly increased baseline expression of three exomiRs (miR-486-5p, miR-215-5p, miR-941) and decreased expression of one exomiR (miR-151b). Acute exercise altered circulating exomiR expression in both groups. However, exomiRs regulated by acute exercise in the trained group (7 miRNAs at Post and 8 at 3hPost) were distinct from those in the sedentary group (9 at Post and 4 at 3hPost). Pathway analysis prediction and reported target validation experiments revealed that the majority of exercise-regulated exomiRs are targeting genes that are related to IGF-1 signaling, a pathway involved in exercise-induced muscle and cardiac hypertrophy. The immediately post-acute exercise exomiR signature in the trained group correlates with activation of IGF-1 signaling, whereas in the sedentary group it is associated with inhibition of IGF-1 signaling. These results suggest that training status may counteract age-related anabolic resistance by modulating circulating exomiR profiles both at baseline and in response to acute exercise.
2020-05-27 | GSE144627 | GEO
Project description:We used gene microarray analysis to compare the global expression profile of genes involved in adaptation to exercise training in skeletal muscle from chronically strength/resistance trained (ST), endurance trained (ET) and untrained control subjects (Con). Resting skeletal muscle samples (~100mg) were obtained from the vastus lateralis of 20 subjects (Con n=7, ET n=7, ST n=6; trained groups >8 years specific training). Total RNA was extracted from tissue and microarrays completed, with test samples compared with standard human reference RNA. Subjects were characterised by performance measures of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) on a cycle ergometer and maximal concentric and eccentric leg strength on an isokinetic dynamometer. 263 genes were differentially expressed in trained (TR collectively ET + ST) subjects compared with Con (P<0.05) while 21 genes were different between ST and ET (P<0.05). Manual cluster analyses revealed significant regulation of genes involved in muscle structure and development in TR subjects compared with Con (P<0.05), and expression of these correlated significantly with measures of performance (P<0.05). ET had increased and ST decreased expression of gene clusters related to mitochondrial/oxidative capacity (P<0.05), and these mitochondrial gene clusters correlated significantly with VO2max (P<0.05). VO2max also correlated with expression of gene clusters that regulate fat and carbohydrate oxidation (P<0.05). We have demonstrated that chronic training has marked effects on basal gene expression by regulating levels of multiple mRNAs that transcribe genes for important functional groups in human skeletal muscle. Some specific gene clusters are expressed regardless of the training stimulus, whereas others exhibit divergent expression patterns as a result of specific training stimuli. Keywords: Comparative, cluster analysis, endurance training, strength training, muscle phenotype This was a crossectional study examining basal gene expression profiles of the human vastus lateralis. Twenty healthy males volunteered for this investigation. Seven were endurance trained cyclists (ET), who had been participating in endurance training for 8 yr. These subjects had no history of resistance training. Six subjects were strength trained power-lifters (ST) who had been participating exclusively in strength/resistance training for 9 yr. The final seven subjects were healthy controls (CON) that did not participate in any formal exercise. The study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of RMIT University and Monash University Standing Committee on Ethics Research on Humans. After RNA extraction, amplification and indirect labelling, a dual colour micro-array analysis was conducted by hybridizing a test (muscle RNA; Cy5) sample and a reference (Universal human RNA; Cy3) sample on the AGRF glass slide human 8K micro-array. After data capture with the Genepix scanner and associated software data was normalised and the three populations compared using GeneSpring and simplified cluster analysis.
2010-05-25 | E-GEOD-9405 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We used gene microarray analysis to compare the global expression profile of genes involved in adaptation to exercise training in skeletal muscle from chronically strength/resistance trained (ST), endurance trained (ET) and untrained control subjects (Con). Resting skeletal muscle samples (~100mg) were obtained from the vastus lateralis of 20 subjects (Con n=7, ET n=7, ST n=6; trained groups >8 years specific training). Total RNA was extracted from tissue and microarrays completed, with test samples compared with standard human reference RNA. Subjects were characterised by performance measures of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) on a cycle ergometer and maximal concentric and eccentric leg strength on an isokinetic dynamometer. 263 genes were differentially expressed in trained (TR collectively ET + ST) subjects compared with Con (P<0.05) while 21 genes were different between ST and ET (P<0.05). Manual cluster analyses revealed significant regulation of genes involved in muscle structure and development in TR subjects compared with Con (P<0.05), and expression of these correlated significantly with measures of performance (P<0.05). ET had increased and ST decreased expression of gene clusters related to mitochondrial/oxidative capacity (P<0.05), and these mitochondrial gene clusters correlated significantly with VO2max (P<0.05). VO2max also correlated with expression of gene clusters that regulate fat and carbohydrate oxidation (P<0.05). We have demonstrated that chronic training has marked effects on basal gene expression by regulating levels of multiple mRNAs that transcribe genes for important functional groups in human skeletal muscle. Some specific gene clusters are expressed regardless of the training stimulus, whereas others exhibit divergent expression patterns as a result of specific training stimuli. Keywords: Comparative, cluster analysis, endurance training, strength training, muscle phenotype
2007-10-24 | GSE9405 | GEO
Project description:Exercise training improves whole body glucose homeostasis through effects largely attributed to adaptations in skeletal muscle; however, training also affects other tissues including adipose tissue. To determine if exercise-induced adaptations to adipose tissue contribute to training-induced improvements in glucose homeostasis, subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT) from trained or sedentary donor mice was transplanted into the visceral cavity of sedentary recipients. Remarkably, nine days post-transplantation, mice receiving trained scWAT had improved glucose tolerance and enhanced insulin sensitivity compared to mice transplanted with sedentary scWAT or sham-treated mice. Mice transplanted with trained scWAT had increased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in tibialis anterior and soleus muscles and brown adipose tissue, suggesting that the transplanted scWAT exerted endocrine effects. Furthermore, the deleterious effects of high-fat feeding on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were completely reversed if high-fat fed recipient mice were transplanted with trained scWAT. In additional experiments, voluntary exercise training by wheel running for only 11 days resulted in profound changes in scWAT including increased expression of ∼1550 genes involved in numerous cellular functions, including metabolism. Exercise training causes adaptations to scWAT that elicit metabolic improvements in other tissues, demonstrating a previously unrecognized role for adipose tissue in the beneficial effects of exercise on systemic glucose homeostasis. Microarray analysis of scWAT obtained from a cohort of mice that were housed in wheel cages for 11 days compared to sedentary control mice.
2015-04-22 | E-GEOD-68161 | biostudies-arrayexpress