Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

Dataset Information

Transcription profiling of rat sarcopenic skeletal muscle after treatment with extract of Ginko biloba Egb 761 shows that a juvenile gene expression profile is reactivated

ABSTRACT: The sarcopenia-associated decline of the muscular performances in older people is improved
by exercise and caloric restriction but is still lacking a more suitable pharmacological
treatment. We investigated the effects of EGb 761, a Gingko biloba extract used to treat
chronic age-dependent neurological disorders, on the soleus muscle of aged rats. DNA
microarray analysis shows that the EGb 761 treatment is associated with the transcriptional
reprogramming of genes related to regeneration and energy production functions. EGb 761
up-regulated genes implicated in myogenesis though the TGF? signaling pathway. Also, EGb
761, by modulating genes implicated in fatty acids and glucose oxidation, reversed the agerelated
shift from lipids to glucose and improved energy production in mitochondria. These
modifications restore a more juvenile gene expression pattern that is concomitant with the
improvement of the muscular performances, as assessed by electrophysiological and
biochemical parameters. Thus, EGb 761 may represent a novel treatment for sarcopenia

ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus

SUBMITTER: joel lachuer

PROVIDER: E-MEXP-1937 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

ACCESS DATA

Similar Datasets

Project description:Phenotypic plasticity, the ability of one genotype to express different phenotypes in response to changing environmental conditions, is one of the most common phenomena characterising the living world and is not only relevant for the ecology but also for the evolution of species. Daphnia, the waterflea, is a textbook example for predator induced phenotypic plastic defences including changes in life-history, behaviour and morphology. However, the analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying these inducible defences is still in its early stages. We exposed Daphnia magna to chemical cues of the predator Triops cancriformis to identify key processes underlying plastic defensive trait formation. D. magna is known to develop an array of morphological changes in the presence of T. cancriformis including changes of carapace morphology and cuticle hardening. To get a more comprehensive idea of this phenomenon, we studied four different genotypes originating from habitats with different predation history, reaching from predator-free to temporary habitats containing T. cancriformis. We analysed the morphologies as well as proteomes of predator-exposed and control animals. Three genotypes showed morphological changes when the predator was present. Using a high-throughput proteomics approach, we found 294 proteins which were significantly altered in their abundance after predator exposure in a general or genotype dependant manner. Proteins connected to genotype dependant responses were related to the cuticle, protein synthesis and calcium binding whereas the yolk protein vitellogenin increased in abundance in all genotypes, indicating their involvement in a more general response. Furthermore, genotype dependant responses at the proteome level correlated well with local adaptation to Triops predation. Altogether, our study provides new insights concerning genotype dependant and general molecular processes involved in predator-induced phenotypic plasticity in D. magna.

Project description:Background Primitive brain tumors are the first cause of cancer-related death in children. Tumor cells with stem-like properties (TSCs), thought to account for tumorigenesis and therapeutic resistance, have been isolated from high-grade gliomas in adults. Whether TSCs are a common component of pediatric brain tumors and are of clinical relevance remains to be determined. Methodology/Principal findings Tumor cells with self-renewal properties were isolated with cell biology techniques from a majority of 55 pediatric brain tumors samples, regardless of their histopathologies and grades of malignancy (57% of embryonal tumors, 57% of low-grade gliomas and neuro-glial tumors, 70% of ependymomas, 91% of high-grade gliomas). The vast majority (10/12) of high-grade glioma-derived oncospheres sustained long-term self-renewal numbers akin to neural stem cells (>7 self-renewals), whereas cells with limited renewing abilities akin to neural progenitors dominated in all other tumor types. Regardless of tumor entities, the young age group was associated with self-renewal properties akin to neural stem cells (P=0.05, chi-square test). TSCs shared a complex molecular profile combining embryonic stem cell markers with elements controlling neural stem cell properties and epithelio-mesenchymal transitions. They were radio- and chemoresistant and formed aggressive tumors after intracerebral grafting. Survival analysis of the cohort showed an association between isolation of TSCs with long-term self-renewal abilities and a patientM-^Rs higher mortality rate (P = 0.022, log-rank test). Patients bearing cells with limited self-renewal properties constituted an intermediate group of survival but which did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions/Significance In brain tumors affecting adult patients, TSC have been isolated only from high-grade gliomas. In contrast, our data show that tumor cells with stem cell-like or progenitor-like properties can be isolated from a wide range of histological sub-types and grades of pediatric brain tumors. They suggest that cellular mechanisms fueling tumor development differ between adult and pediatric brain tumors.

Dataset Information

Transcription profiling of rat sarcopenic skeletal muscle after treatment with extract of Ginko biloba Egb 761 shows that a juvenile gene expression profile is reactivated

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure