Transcription profiling of Drosophila after exposure to microgravity in the International Space Station and in a microgravity simulator
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
Four groups of samples: 1 ISS (+ground control) as described, 2 RPM (microgravity simulator on Earth) as described, 3 RPM without constrains (No MAMBA container and only 5 days exposure without cold transport) and 4 centrifuge 10g without constrains control..
ORGANISM(S): Drosophila melanogaster
SUBMITTER: Raul Herranz
PROVIDER: E-MEXP-2064 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
Similar Datasets
Project description:The spaceflight experiment was carried out using male C57BL/10J mice (8 weeks old at launch). Wild type mice (n=3) were launched by Space Shuttle Discovery and housed on the International Space Station (ISS) for 91 days. They returned to the Earth by Space Shuttle Atlantis. But only one mouse returned to the Earth alive. Whole brain was sampled from the mouse killed by inhalation of carbon dioxide at the Life Sciences Support Facility of Kennedy Space Center within 3-4 hours after landing. After the spaceflight experiment, the on-ground experiment was also carried out at the Advanced Biotechnology Center in Genova, Italy. A mouse with the same species, sex, and age was housed in mice drawer system (MDS), which was utilized for the spaceflight (SF) mice, for 3 months as the ground control (GC). Another mouse was housed in normal vivarium cage as the laboratory control (LC). Amount of food and water supplementation and environmental conditions were simulated as the flight group. After 3 months, brain was sampled from one mouse in group GC and LC, respectively. Comprehensive analyses of gene expression were performed in the right brain. Total of 4,000 genes were analyzed. The expression levels of 60 genes significantly changed in response to SF compared with LC and/or GC. The 15 and 16 genes were up- (> 2 folds) and down-regulated (< 0.5 folds), respectively, following SF vs. GC. The levels of 58 genes were significantly altered by housing in MDS in space and/or on the ground. Forty seven and 11 genes were significantly up- and down-regulated vs. LC. Twenty seven out of these genes responded to caging in MDS both in space and on the ground. Further, 31 genes were influenced by housing in MDS on the Earth. Responses of the characteristics of brain to long-term gravitational unloading were investigated in mice.
2012-09-13 | E-GEOD-32077 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Microgravity accelerates the aging of various physiological systems, and it is well acknowledged that aged individuals and astronauts both have increased susceptibility to infections and poor response to vaccination. Immunologically, dendritic cells (DCs) are the key players in linking the innate and adaptive immune responses. Their distinct and optimized differentiation and maturation phases play a critical role in presenting antigens and mounting effective lymphocyte responses for long-term immunity. Despite their importance, no studies to date have effectively investigated the effects of microgravity on DCs in their native microenvironment, which is primarily located within tissues. Here, we address a significantly outstanding research gap by examining the effects of simulated microgravity via a random positioning machine on both immature and mature DCs cultured in biomimetic collagen hydrogels, a surrogate for tissue matrices. Furthermore, we explored the effects of loose and dense tissues via differences in collagen concentration. Under these various environmental conditions, the DC phenotype was characterized using surface markers, cytokines, function, and transcriptomic profiles. Our data indicate that aged or loose tissue and exposure to RPM-induced simulated microgravity both independently alter the immunogenicity of immature and mature DCs. Interestingly, cells cultured in denser matrices experience fewer effects of simulated microgravity at the transcriptome level. Our findings are a step forward to better facilitate healthier future space travel and enhance our understanding of the aging immune system on Earth.
2023-07-06 | GSE232153 | GEO
Project description:The spaceflight experiment was carried out using male C57BL/10J mice (8 weeks old at launch). Wild type mice (n=3) were launched by Space Shuttle Discovery and housed on the International Space Station (ISS) for 91 days. They returned to the Earth by Space Shuttle Atlantis. But only one mouse returned to the Earth alive. Whole brain was sampled from the mouse killed by inhalation of carbon dioxide at the Life Sciences Support Facility of Kennedy Space Center within 3-4 hours after landing. After the spaceflight experiment, the on-ground experiment was also carried out at the Advanced Biotechnology Center in Genova, Italy. A mouse with the same species, sex, and age was housed in mice drawer system (MDS), which was utilized for the spaceflight (SF) mice, for 3 months as the ground control (GC). Another mouse was housed in normal vivarium cage as the laboratory control (LC). Amount of food and water supplementation and environmental conditions were simulated as the flight group. After 3 months, brain was sampled from one mouse in group GC and LC, respectively. Comprehensive analyses of gene expression were performed in the right brain. Total of 4,000 genes were analyzed. The expression levels of 60 genes significantly changed in response to SF compared with LC and/or GC. The 15 and 16 genes were up- (> 2 folds) and down-regulated (< 0.5 folds), respectively, following SF vs. GC. The levels of 58 genes were significantly altered by housing in MDS in space and/or on the ground. Forty seven and 11 genes were significantly up- and down-regulated vs. LC. Twenty seven out of these genes responded to caging in MDS both in space and on the ground. Further, 31 genes were influenced by housing in MDS on the Earth.
2012-09-13 | GSE32077 | GEO
Project description:Exposure to microgravity causes bone loss in humans, and the underlying mechanism is believed to be at least partially due to a decrease in bone formation by osteoblasts. Here, we examined the hypothesis that microgravity changes osteoblast gene expression profiles, resulting in bone loss. For this study, we developed an in vitro system that simulates microgravity using the Random Positioning Machine (RPM) to study the effects of microgravity on 2T3 pre-osteoblast cells grown in gas-permeable culture disks. Exposure of 2T3 cells to simulated microgravity using RPM for up to 9 days significantly inhibited alkaline phosphatase activity, recapitulating an expected bone loss response, without altering cell proliferation and shape. Next, we carried out a DNA microarray analysis to determine the gene expression profile of 2T3 cells exposed to 3 days of simulated microgravity. Among 10,000 genes examined with the microarray, 88 were downregulated while 52 were upregulated significantly by simulated microgravity by more than two-fold in comparison to the static 1g condition. By using real-time PCR assays, we verified the microarray data using some of the expected genes. For example, we confirmed that microgravity induced downregulation of alkaline phosphatase, runt related transcription factor 2 (runx2), osteomodulin, and parathyroid hormone 1 receptor, while confirming upregulation of cathepsin K mRNAs. In addition to the changes of the expected genes, the microarray data identified many more genes. The identification of these gravisensitive genes provide an useful insight in generating further hypotheses regarding their roles not only in microgravity-induced bone loss, but also in general population of patients with similar pathologic conditions such as osteoporosis. Keywords: other
2004-05-07 | GSE1367 | GEO
Project description:Genome-wide transcriptional profiling shows that reducing gravity levels in the International Space Station (ISS) causes important alterations in Drosophila gene expression. However, simulation experiments on ground, without space constraints, show weaker effects than space environment. A global and integrative analysis using the M-bM-^@M-^\gene expression dynamics inspectorM-bM-^@M-^] (GEDI) self-organizing maps, reveals a subtle response of the transcriptome using different populations and microgravity and hypergravity simulation devices. These results suggest that, in addition to behavioural responses that can be detected also at the gene expression level, the transcriptome is finely tuned to normal gravity. The alteration of this constant parameter on Earth can have effects on gene expression that depends both on the environmental conditions and the ground based facility used to compensate the gravity vector. Alternative and commons effects of mechanical facilities, like the Random Positioning Machine and a centrifuge, and strong magnetic field ones, like a cryogenically cooled superconductive magnet, are discussed. We compare the effects over the gene expression profile of different gender/age Drosophila imagoes in 3-4 days-long experiments under altered gravity conditions into three GBF ("Ground Based Facilities" for micro/hyper- gravity simulation) using whole genome microarray platforms. Descriptions of different GBFs ("treatments"): LDC means "Large Diameter Centrifuge". Samples can be placed under three conditions: inside LDC (at certain g level), at the LDC rotational control and at external 1g control (outside the LDC). RPM means "Random Positioning Machine". Samples can be placed under two conditions: inside RPM (at nearly 0g, Microgravity level) and at external 1g control (outside the RPM). At the magnet, means INSIDE the Magnetic levitator (another GBF). Samples can be placed under four conditions: inside Magnet 0g* (at microgravity with magnetic field), inside Magnet at 1g* (internal control with magnetic field) or inside the magnet 2g* (at hypergravity with magnetic field) and at external 1g control (outside the magnet)
2013-06-26 | E-GEOD-33801 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Microgravity is known to affect the organization of the cytoskeleton, cell and nuclear morphology and to elicit differential expression of genes associated with the cytoskeleton, focal adhesions and the extracellular matrix. Although the nucleus is mechanically connected to the cytoskeleton through the LInker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) complex, the role of this group of proteins in these responses to microgravity has yet to be defined. Therefore, we used simulated microgravity achieved by growing cells on a 3d clinostat to investigate whether the LINC complex acts to mediate responses to the microgravity environment. We show that nuclear shape and differential gene expression are both responsive to simulated microgravity in a LINC-dependent manner and that this response changes with the duration of exposure to simulated microgravity. These LINC-dependent genes likely represent elements normally regulated by the mechanical forces imposed by gravity on Earth.
2021-01-31 | GSE153893 | GEO
Project description:Genome-wide transcriptional profiling showed that reducing gravity levels in the International Space Station (ISS) causes important alterations in Drosophila gene expression intimately linked to imposed spaceflight-related environmental constrains during Drosophila metamorphosis. However, simulation experiments on ground testing space-related environmental constraints, show differential responses. Curiously, although particular genes are not common in the different experiments, the same GO groups including a large multigene family related with behavior, stress response and organogenesis are over represented in them. A global and integrative analysis using the gene expression dynamics inspector (GEDI) self-organizing maps, reveals different degrees in the responses of the transcriptome when using different environmental conditions or microgravity/hypergravity simulation devices These results suggest that the transcriptome is finely tuned to normal gravity. In regular environmental conditions the alteration of this constant parameter on Earth can have mild effects on gene expression but when environmental conditions are far from optimal, the gene expression is much more intense and consistent effects.
2013-06-26 | GSE33779 | GEO
Project description:Previously, we reported upregulation of cardiac proliferation in cardiac progenitors derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-CPCs) that were exposed to space microgravity for 3 days. The overall objective of this investigation was to understand how long-term exposure to microgravity affects the expansion and differentiation of hiPSC-CPCs. Cryopreserved cardiomyocytes derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-CMs) were exposed to space microgravity for 3 weeks in the International Space Station (ISS) and retrieved for transcriptomic profiling. RNA-seq analysis and gene ontology analysis revealed upregulation of cardiac tissue function and morphological terms while downregulating inflammation and ECM regulation terms. Upregulation of genes associated with cell cycle regulation and proliferation were notable as well. Combined with previous work, these results suggest that space microgravity improved cardiac differentiation and structure formation and potentially, proliferation.
2023-12-04 | GSE228063 | GEO
Project description:Microgravity exposure as well as chronic muscle disuse are two of the main causes of physiological adaptive skeletal muscle atrophy in humans and murine animals in physiological condition. The aim of this study was to investigate, at both morphological and global gene expression level, skeletal muscle adaptation to microgravity in mouse soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL). Adult male mice C57BL/N6 were flown aboard the BION-M1 biosatellite for 30 days on orbit (BF) or housed in a replicate flight habitat on Earth (BG) as reference flight control. In this study, we investigated for the first time gene expression adaptation to 30 days of microgravity exposure in mouse soleus and EDL, highlighting potential new targets for improvement of countermeasures able to ameliorate or even prevent microgravity-induced atrophy in future spaceflights.
2017-01-15 | GSE80223 | GEO
Project description:The tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta, is a lepidopteran model species widely used to study insect biochemical processes. While some of its larval hemolymph proteins are well understood, a detailed proteomic analysis was unavailable until 2016, revealing features such as correlation with transcriptome data, formation of immune complexes, and constitution of an immune signaling system. Yet, it is unclear how these may change in other developmental stages. In this paper, we report the proteomes of cell-free hemolymph from prepupae, pupae on days 4 and 13, and young adults. Of the 1,824 proteins identified, 907 have a signal peptide and 215 are related to immunity. Drastic changes in abundance of the storage proteins, for instance, reflect physiological disparities among prepupae, pupae, and adults. Considerably more proteins lacking signal peptide are present in the late pupae, suggesting that plasma acts as a temporary reservoir for intracellular components released from remodeling tissues during metamorphosis. In summary, the proteins and their levels revealed in this study are expected to stimulate focused explorations of humoral immunity in wandering larvae, pupae, and adults of M. sexta and shed light upon functional and comparative genomic research in other holometabolous insects.
2020-10-30 | PXD019392 | Pride