Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Transcription profiling of pig infected with Lactobacillus plantarum 299v wildtype strain to ases host responses compared to those of an isogenic mutant strain lacking the gene encoding the mannose-specific adhesin (msa)

ABSTRACT: In this study, the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum 299v wildtype strain on host responses are compared to those of an isogenic mutant strain lacking the gene encoding the mannose-specific adhesin (msa). Either of these bacterial strains - separately or as a 50-50% mixture - are orally administered to groups of eight pigs each, and host gene expression is assessed with pooled RNA samples isolated from jejunum, ileum and colon scrapings using Affymetrix Porcine microarrays

ORGANISM(S): Sus scrofa

SUBMITTER: Yaping Liu

PROVIDER: E-MEXP-2198 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Background: Lactobacillus plantarum is found in a variety of fermented foods and as such, consumed for centuries. Some strains are natural inhabitants of the human gastro-intestinal tract and like other Lactobacillus species, L. plantarum has been extensively studied for its immunomodulatory properties and its putative health-promoting effects (probiotic). Being the first line of host defense intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) are key players in the recognition and initiation of responses to gut microorganisms. Results: Using high-density oligonucleotide microarrays we examined the gene expression profiles of differentiated Caco-2 cells exposed to various doses of L. plantarum. In addition, the effects were correlated to monolayer permeability studies and measurement of lactic acid production. A transcriptional dose-dependent IEC response to L. plantarum was found. Incubation of Caco-2 with a low bacterial dose induced a specific response, not due to cytotoxicity or production of lactic acid, including modulation of cell cycle and cell signaling functions. Exposure of Caco-2 cells to larger amounts of bacteria, accompanied by the production of lactic acid and glucose depletion, provoked increased permeability and supposed non-specific defense responses. Conclusions: These results suggest that IEC are able to sense and react to the presence of gut bacteria. This study provides the first description of global transcriptional response of human IEC to a commensal lactic acid bacterium, and it shows the importance of choosing physiological bacterial doses to prevent the observation of non-specific host reactions. Caco-2 cells were exposed for 10h to Lactobacillus. Fourteen samples are analyzed: 4 control Caco-2, 4 Caco-2 exposed to a low dose (10) of Lactobacillus, 4 Caco-2 exposed to a medium dose (100) of Lactobacillus, 2 Caco-2 exposed to a high dose (1000) of Lactobacillus. All 14 RNA samples are labeled with Cy5 and hybridized to a common reference (undifferentiated Caco-2, untreated) RNA labeled with Cy3

Project description:The intestinal microbiota plays a crucial role in protecting the host from pathogenic microbes, in modulating immunity and in regulating metabolic processes. We use the simplified human intestinal microbiota (SIHUMIx) consisting of eight bacterial species to study potential synergistic effects with a particular focus on detecting novel proteins with less than 100 amino acids (= sProteins), some of which may contribute to regulate the simplified human intestinal microbiota. Although several studies have shown that sProteins carry out a wide range of important functions, they are still often missed in genome annotations, and little is known about their structure and function in individual microbes and especially in microbial communities. In this study, we created a multi-species integrated proteogenomics search database (multi-species iPtgxDB) to enable a comprehensive identification of novel sProteins. Six of the eight SIHUMIx species, for which no complete genomes were available, were first sequenced and de novo assembled. Several proteomics approaches including two earlier optimized sProtein enrichment strategies were applied prior to mass spectrometric analysis to specifically increase the chances for novel sProtein discovery. Searching the MS/MS data against the multi-species iPtgxDB enabled us to identify 31 novel sProteins, of which the expression of 30 was supported by metatranscriptomics data. Using synthetic peptides, we were able to validate the expression of 25 novel sProteins. Importantly, when comparing the expression of these novel sProteins in single strain cultivations to the multi-species community grown in a bioreactor, we found that six of them were only identified in the SIHUMIx community, indicating a possible important role of sProteins in the organization of microbial communities. Furthermore, in silico prediction suggested that two of these novel sProteins have a potential antimicrobial function. We outline an integrated experimental and bioinformatics workflow for the discovery of novel sProteins in microbial communities that can be generically applied to other microbial communities. The further analysis of novel sProteins uniquely expressed in the multi-species community is expected to enable new insights into the structure, regulation and function of bacterial communities such as those of the human intestinal tract.

Dataset Information

Transcription profiling of pig infected with Lactobacillus plantarum 299v wildtype strain to ases host responses compared to those of an isogenic mutant strain lacking the gene encoding the mannose-specific adhesin (msa)

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