Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Transcription profiling of Mus musculus brain cells to investigate essential role of interleukin-6 for post-stroke angiogenesis

ABSTRACT: IL-6 Ko and wildtype control mice were subjected to 30 min left filamentous middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo)/reperfusion or sham operation. Animals were killed at 2 and at 10 days after MCAo or sham operation, respectively. The left (i.e. ischemic) hemisphere was used for further gene expression analysis.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Golo Kronenberg

PROVIDER: E-MEXP-2547 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Astrogliosis is a hallmark of the response to brain ischemia, comprised of changes in gene expression and morphology. Hsp72 protects from cerebral ischemia, and although several mechanisms of protection have been investigated, effects on astrocyte activation are unknown. To identify potential mechanisms of protection, gene expression was assessed in mice subjected to middle cerebral artery (MCAO) or sham surgery, of either wildtype (WT) or Hsp72-overexpressing (Hsp72Tg) mice. After stroke, both genotypes exhibited genes related to cell death, stress response, and immune response. Furthermore, genes indicative of astrocyte activation, including cytoskeletal proteins and cytokines, were upregulated. To measure astrocyte activation after stroke, detailed histological and morphological analyses were performed in the cortical penumbra after stroke using unbiased stereology. Consistent with other reports, we observed a marked and persistent increase in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP ) as soon as 3 hours after MCAO. In contrast, vimentin immunoreactivity appeared 12-24 hours after stroke, peaked at 72 hours, and returned to baseline after 30 days. Surprisingly, no change in overall astrocyte number was observed based on glutamine synthetase (GS) immunoreactivity. To determine if Hsp72Tg mice exhibited altered astrocyte activation compared to WT controls, morphological evaluation by fractal analysis was used. Overexpression of Hsp72 reduced astrocyte cell area, arbor area, and to a lesser extent fractal dimension, 72 hours following stroke. In conclusion, in vivo overexpression of Hsp72 alters gene expression following stroke, including genes involved in astrocyte activation, and decreases astrocyte activation acutely following MCAO. Thus, modulation of astrogliosis may be a neuroprotective mechanism exerted by Hsp72 after ischemia. A total of 10 samples were analyzed, with 5 of each genotype, wildtype (WT) and Hsp72-overexpressing (Hsp72Tg) mice. Of the 5 in each group, 3 received middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and 2 received a sham surgery. The sham samples serve as the controls for the MCAO samples in each genotype. All samples were taken from the ischemic or control hemisphere 24 hours after surgery.

Project description:After induction of ischemic chronic heart failure (CHF), mice exhibited depression-like behavior, in terms of increased anhedonia, and decreased both exploratory activity and interest in novelty. On histology, ischemic CHF mice showed no alterations in overall cerebral morphology. To further evaluate relevant behavioral changes found in CHF mice, RNA-sequencing analysis of prefrontal cortex and hippocampus - the brain regions, whose structural and functional alterations are associated with an increased risk for developing major depressive disorder - and of left myocardial tissue was performed in CHF vs. sham-operated animals. RNA-sequencing revealed relevant changes in hippocampal or prefrontal cortical expression of genes responsible for axonal vesicle transport (Kif5b), signal transduction (Arc, Gabrb2), limitation of inflammation (RORA; Nr4a1) and of hypoxic brain damage (Hif3a). Besides, the actual literature describes some of the genes (RORA, Gabrb2, Npas4, and Junb) being associated with depression-like behavior. Nr4a1 significantly regulated in both brain and heart tissue after induction of ischemic CHF could be a potential link and reveals the central role of inflammation in the interrelation of the brain and the failing heart. Heart failure vs. sham-operation were performed in C57BL/6 male mice. After development of chronic heart failure (CHF) 8 weeks after the operation RNA was extracted out of prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and left ventricular myocardium in both groups. RNA of 3 ischemic CHF mice versus 6 sham operated mice was pooled and further subjected to RNA sequencing. To fabricate singular pools each probe of the group equally contributed with the final amount of 2 µg RNA per pool with the result that we had 6 different pools to be further evaluated. The mRNA profile was generated by IGA Technology, Italy (http://www.igatechnology.com/) by deep sequencing, using Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform (HiSeq). CLC-Bio Genomics Workbench software (CLC Bio, Denmark) was used to calculate gene expression levels based on Mortazavi et al. (Nat Methods. 2008;5:621-628) approach.

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Transcription profiling of Mus musculus brain cells to investigate essential role of interleukin-6 for post-stroke angiogenesis

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