The role of the yolk sac in human fetal development and identification of a hepatocyte-like cell in the human yolk sac (SS2)
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
INSTRUMENT(S): 10X Chromium Controller, Illumina HiSeq 4000
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
SUBMITTER: Muzlifah Haniffa
PROVIDER: E-MTAB-10888 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:The human yolk sac (YS) is an extra-embryonic tissue critical for early prenatal life development. It is the first site of haematopoiesis where progenitors differentiate from endoderm within blood islands of the yolk sac contributing initially to primitive erythropoiesis and in subsequent waves to erythro-myeloid and lymphoid differentiation.
2023-03-01 | E-MTAB-10552 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:KLF2 is a Krüppel-like zinc-finger transcription factor required for blood vessel, lung, T-cell, and erythroid development. KLF2-/- mice die by embryonic day 14.5 (E14.5), due to hemorrhaging and heart failure. Embryonic -like globin gene expression is reduced in KLF2-/- embryos compared to wildtype (WT), and E10.5 erythroid cells exhibit abnormal morphology. Other KLF2 target genes were identified by comparing E9.5 KLF2-/- and WT yolk sac erythroid cells, using laser capture microdissection and microarray assays. One hundred and ninety-six genes exhibited significant differences in expression; eighty-nine of these are downregulated in KLF2-/- compared to WT. Genes involved in cell migration, differentiation and development are over-represented in the KLF2-regulated gene list. Previously identified erythroid-enriched regulatory genes such as reelin, adenylate cyclase 7, cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 2 alpha, and CD24a antigen are downregulated in KLF2-/- compared to WT. SOX2, a pluripotency factor in ES cells, is also a KLF2 target in embryonic erythroid cells. We investigated whether reelin, which has an established role in neuronal migration and proliferation, has a role in embryonic erythropoiesis. Luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that KLF2 directly transactivates the reelin promoter, but reelin mutant mice have no apparent abnormalities in embryonic erythroid morphology or globin gene expression. Timed-pregnant KLF2+/- females were anesthetized and sacrificed. E9.5 yolk sacs were dissected from the embryo, cryoprotected in 20% sucrose in PBS and frozen in OCT media. A small portion of the embryo tail was used for PCR genotyping. Eight micron KLF2-/- frozen yolk sac sections were obtained and laser capture microdissection (LCM) was used to isolate primitive erythroid precursors. For each biological replicate, 2 to 4 yolk sacs from 2 different litters were used. Total RNA was isolated from 4 different KLF2-/- erythroid samples and hybridized to Affymetrix 430 A 2.0 microarrays
2011-03-02 | E-GEOD-27602 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:GW182 (Tnrc6a) is a key component of RISC (miRNA-Induced Silencing Complex) that plays a critical role in miRNA-mediated gene silencing. Here, we show that GW182 is expressed in the yolk sac endoderm, and that gene-trap disruption of GW182 leads to growth arrest of yolk sac endoderm, impaired hematopoiesis and embryonic lethality. To investigate roles of GW182 in the yolk sac endoderm, we assessed changes in mRNA expression in the yolk sac of E9.5 GW182gt/gt embryos using microarrays (Affymetrix).
2011-09-01 | GSE30244 | GEO
Project description:GW182 (Tnrc6a) is a key component of RISC (miRNA-Induced Silencing Complex) that plays a critical role in miRNA-mediated gene silencing. Here, we show that GW182 is expressed in the yolk sac endoderm, and that gene-trap disruption of GW182 leads to growth arrest of yolk sac endoderm, impaired hematopoiesis and embryonic lethality. To investigate roles of GW182 in the yolk sac endoderm, we assessed changes in mRNA expression in the yolk sac of E9.5 GW182gt/gt embryos using microarrays (Affymetrix). Yolk sac of wild type littermates and GW182gt/gt embryos at E9.5 was collected for total RNA isolation using Trizol (Invitrogen). RNAs were purified according to the manufacturer’s protocol before subjected to Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Whole Genome Array (Affymetrix) for mRNA expression profiling. Experiments were performed in triplicate. Differentially expressed mRNAs were identified using a two-sample t-test (P<0.05 considered significant).
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Project description:Erythro-myeloid progenitors (EMP) and their progeny were labeled with YFP in mouse embryos using genetic fate mapping (constitutive Csf1r-iCre;Rosa26-eYFP or inducible Csf1r-MeriCreMer;Rosa26-eYFP injected at embryonic day E8.5 with 4-hydroxytamoxifen). EMP-derived progenitors (Lin- Kit+ YFP+) were sorted by FACS for single-cell transcriptomic analysis using the MARS-Seq approach. The purpose was to uncover heterogeneity and differentiation trajectories of EMP by comparing their transcriptional status at different developmental timepoints (E9.5, E10.5 and E12.5) and across niches (yolk sac and fetal liver).
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Project description:Investigating the blood, immune and stromal cells present in a human fetal embryo in a world first single cell transcriptomic atlas. The embryo was dissected into 12 coronal sections, yolk sac, and yolk sac stalk. Live single cells sorted, with cell suspension then undergoing 10x chromium 5 prime scRNA-seq. This accession contains the yolk sac and yolk sac stalk data from this embryo. A matched accession contains the coronal section data. Lane "WS_wEMB12142156" (from yolk sac) was excluded from downstream analysis due to low fraction reads in cells post-CellRanger QC. Termination procedure for this embryo was medical. The F158_[features...barcodes...matrix].[tsv...mtx].gz files attached to this accession represent raw count data from all the 10x lanes in this accession combined, and as output from CellRanger filtered matrices (CellRanger version 6.0.1 using human reference genome GRCh38-2020-A). One set of count matrices relates to the yolk sac data, and one set of count matrices relates to the yolk sac stalk data.
2022-12-07 | E-MTAB-11673 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Rudhira is essential for mouse developmental angiogenesis and tissue morphogenesis. Embryos lacking endothelial rudhira die at mid-gestation with vascular patterning defects. Rudhira mutant yolk sac endothelial cells show slow and random migration. So to identify key signaling pathways perturbed in the absence of rudhira, we undertook whole transcriptome based analysis of gene expression in rudhira null yolk sac and embryo. Transcriptome analysis shows that key mediators of angiogenesis, cell adhesion, migration and extracellular matrix degradation as well as several components of the TGFβ pathway are perturbed in rudhira null mutant yolk sacs at 9.5 dpc. We used two embryo samples ( 2E- wild type; 5E- rudhira mutant). Repetition was done on each sample. We used 4 yolk sac samples (3Y,4Y- wild type; 7Y,8Y-rudhira mutant) for the analysis. Repetition was done on each sample.
2015-12-31 | E-GEOD-69204 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Rudhira is essential for mouse developmental angiogenesis and tissue morphogenesis. Embryos lacking endothelial rudhira die at mid-gestation with vascular patterning defects. Rudhira mutant yolk sac endothelial cells show slow and random migration. So to identify key signaling pathways perturbed in the absence of rudhira, we undertook whole transcriptome based analysis of gene expression in rudhira null yolk sac and embryo. Transcriptome analysis shows that key mediators of angiogenesis, cell adhesion, migration and extracellular matrix degradation as well as several components of the TGFβ pathway are perturbed in rudhira null mutant yolk sacs at 9.5 dpc.
2015-12-31 | GSE69204 | GEO
Project description:The human definitive yolk sac is an important organ supporting the early developing embryo through nutrient supply and by facilitating the establishment of the embryonic circulatory system. However, the molecular and cellular biology of the human yolk sac remains largely obscure due to the lack of suitable in vitro models. Here, we show that human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) co-cultured with various types of stromal cells as spheroids self-organize into yolk sac-like organoids without the addition of exogenous factors. Yolk sac-like organoids recapitulated a yolk sac specific cellular complement and structures as well as the functional ability to generate definitive hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). Furthermore, sequential hemato-vascular ontogenesis could be observed during organoid formation. Notably, our organoid system can be performed in a scalable, autologous, and xeno-free condition, thereby providing an important model of human definitive yolk sac development and allows for efficient bulk generation of hiPSC-derived HPCs.
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Project description:To investigate the epigenetic landscape at the interface between mother and fetus, we provide a comprehensive analysis of parent of origin bias in the placenta. Using F1 interspecies hybrids, we sequenced RNA from 23 individual midgestation placentas, five late stage placentas, and two yolk sac samples and then used SNPs to determine whether transcripts were preferentially generated from the maternal or paternal allele. In the placenta, we find 103 genes that show significant and reproducible parent-of-origin bias, of which 78 are novel candidates. Most (96%) show a strong maternal bias which, using multiple models, we demonstrate is not due to maternal decidual contamination. Analysis of the X chromosome also reveals paternal expression of Xist and several genes that escape inactivation, most significantly Rps4x, Fhl1, and Slc38a5. Finally, sequencing individual placentas allowed us to reveal notable expression similarity between littermates. In all, we observe a striking preference for maternal transcription in the midgestation mouse placenta and a dynamic imprinting landscape in extraembryonic tissues, reflecting the complex nature of epigenetic pathways in the placenta. 3'-end Sequencing for Expression Quantification (3SEQ) and SNP Analysis to observe parent-of-origin bias in 28 placental samples at two time points and 2 yolk sac samples
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