Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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RNA-seq of part of the root system of barley genotypes grown in an agricultural soil under controlled conditions

ABSTRACT: This is a comparative experiments of three barley genotypes harbouring allelic differences at a locus designated QRMC-3HS putatively implicated in the assembly of the microbial communities thriving at the root-soil interface, the so called rhizosphere microbiota. The RNA-seq experiment aimed at identify genes differentially regulated among the genotypes at the locus of interest. As the selected genotypes host contrasting microbiotas, we hypothesised that differentially expressed genes at the locus represent primary candidates for the trait of interest (i.e., microbiota recruitment).

INSTRUMENT(S): Illumina NovaSeq 6000

ORGANISM(S): Hordeum vulgare

SUBMITTER: Davide Bulgarelli

PROVIDER: E-MTAB-11358 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Olfactory ensheathing cells are one of the few central nervous system regenerative cells discovered so far. It is characterized by its lifelong nerve regeneration function, and it can also release a variety of neurotrophic factors and neural adhesion molecules. It is considered to be the glial cell with the strongest myelination ability. Olfactory ensheathing cells and Schwann cells have phenotypes in common, they can promote axon regeneration(R. Doucette, 1995). Olfactory ensheathing cells have the characteristics of Schwann cells and astrocytes, but the overall performance tends to be the former, which has two unique characteristics. First, it exists not only in the peripheral nerves (Schwann cells), but also in the central nervous system (astroglia); second, the olfactory mucosa has the ability to regenerate life-long, including human olfactory ensheathing cells(J. C. Bartolomei and C. A. Greer, 2000). Regeneration is a process in which olfactory ensheathing cells participate in efficient regulation, although the specific mechanism is not yet clear. Olfactory ensheathing cells are different from astrocytes and Schwann cells, but at the same time have the characteristics of these two cells(S. C. Barnett, 2004), like Schwann cells help axon growth, but more than Schwann cells It can make axons grow long distances, that is, it has stronger migration(A. Ramon-Cueto et al., 1998); there are also astrocytes that have a nutritional effect on the survival of neurons and the growth of axons, but olfactory ensheathing cells can also wrap neurons forms myelin sheath to support the growth of nerve processes(R. Devon and R. Doucette, 1992; J. Gu et al., 2019). There are two characteristics that make olfactory ensheathing cells the best choice for the treatment of neurological diseases(S. C. Chiu et al., 2009; J. Kim et al., 2018; M. Abdel-Rahman et al., 2018). Olfactory ensheathing cells are gradually used to treat spinal cord injuries and have shown amazing effects(J. C. Bartolomei and C. A. Greer, 2000; K. J. Liu et al., 2010; R. Yao et al., 2018). Olfactory ensheathing cells that have been used in research are usually derived from the olfactory bulb(E. H. Franssen et al., 2007), but it is easier to obtain olfactory ensheathing cells from the olfactory mucosa in clinical practice(M. Ryszard et al., 2006), so the difference between the olfactory ensheathing cells from the olfactory bulb and the olfactory mucosa There are more and more studies(B. M. U. et al., 2007), and previous studies have shown that they not only have many similar functions, but also have many differences(M. W. Richter et al., 2005; L. Wang et al., 2014; K. E. Smith et al., 2020). Because olfactory ensheathing cells derived from the olfactory bulb are not easy to obtain, olfactory ensheathing cells derived from the olfactory mucosa have become the focus of attention. Although we know that olfactory ensheathing cells from two sources have nerve repair functions, it is not clear why the two different sources of olfactory ensheathing cells have different therapeutic effects. Nicolas G. once studied that the genetic difference between the two cells and found that there are many genes related to wound repair and nerve regeneration(G. Nicolas et al., 2010). We have reason to guess that olfactory ensheathing cells from these two sources will also have a large difference in protein level. Our research group wants to use the current mature transcriptome and proteomic sequencing technologies to explore the difference between olfactory ensheathing cells from the olfactory bulb and olfactory mucosa, and explain why the two sources of olfactory ensheathing cells shows different therapeutic effects, hope to provide a new theoretical basis for future clinical treatment.

Project description:The Drosophila sex determination hierarchy consists of a splicing cascade with sex-specific transcription directing somatic sexual dimorphism. Our understanding of this pathway, and many others, is incomplete. Here we pioneer an approach to expand our knowledge of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) by leveraging natural genetic variation. This approach is generalizable to any natural population, including humans. Two studies from Drosophila female head tissue were used – the DSPR collection (alleles from 15 natural variants) and F1-hybrid collection (alleles from heterozygotes of 75 isogenic lines crossed to w1118) – in a structural equation model (SEM) analysis. We expanded the sex hierarchy GRN by adding novel links among genes in the pathway and by adding novel genes to the pathway. A link from fruitless (fru) to Sex-lethal (Sxl) was found in both populations, which is supported by the presence of fru binding sites in the Sxl locus. The splicing factors male-specific lethal 2 and Rm62 were correctly identified as downstream targets of Sxl. There were 754 additional candidate genes for an expanded sex hierarchy GRN. These candidates were enriched for genes with sex-biased splicing and many components of the spliceosome were placed in the GRN. As with other population-genetic analyses, the number of alleles limits the number of observable interactions. Network expansion was only clear in the F1-hybrid population, which has an average of twice as many alleles as the DSPR population. Independent studies of doublesex and transformer mutants support many novel connections, including evidence for a link between the sex hierarchy and metabolism, with the inclusion of Insulin-like receptor in the sex hierarchy GRN. RNA sequencing was performed on mRNA derived from adult male or female heads, for a total of 9 samples. These samples included females that produce the male isoform of dsx [w/+;DsxD/dsxm+r15 (XX)], and two dsx mutants: females [w/+; dsxm+r15/dsxd+r3 (XX)] and males [w;dsxm+r15/dsxd+r3 (XY)]. Two wild type genotypes (Berlin and Canton-S) were sequenced at the same time, but have previously been published as part of GSE50515. There were at least 3 replicates from biological samples.

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RNA-seq of part of the root system of barley genotypes grown in an agricultural soil under controlled conditions

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