Early transcriptomic responses of rice leaves to herbivory by Spodoptera frugiperda
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ABSTRACT: In this experiment we aimed to decipher the transcription response of rice to the different cues of an herbivory attack from the chewing caterpillar Spodoptera frugiperda. We performed a herbivory mimic procedure on seedlings and applied mechanical wounding (WOS), application of herbivore oral secretions (OS) after wounding (WOS+) and dysbiotic OS (WOS-) on rice leaves. RNA was extracted from control and treated leaves after two hours. 5 biological replicates corresponding to 5 pooled leaves were performed for each of the four condition
Project description:Jasmonates is inductively produced as a major plant hormone responsible for defense reactions in plants against both biotic and abiotic stresses, such as pathogen infection and mechanical wounding. We identified JA-inducible genes in the wild-type rice leaves 0 - 4 h after JA treatment using 44k microarray. Expression profiling in the wild-type rice leaves treated with jasmonic acid for 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 h was compared with that in the untreated wild-type rice leaves using two-color method with three biological replicates.
Project description:Jasmonates is inductively produced as a major plant hormone responsible for defense reactions in plants against both biotic and abiotic stresses, such as pathogen infection and mechanical wounding. Jasmonoyl isoleucine is known to be a bioactive compound of jasmonate and plays a pivotal role for plant defenses. We identified OsJAR1M-bM-^HM-^Rrelated JA-inducible genes in osjar1 tos17 mutant (osjar1-2) rice leaves 0 - 2 h after JA treatment using 44k microarray. Expression profiling in the wild-type rice leaves treated with jasmonic acid for 0, 0.5, 1, and 2 h was compared with that in the osjar1 mutant leaves treated with jasmonic acid for 0, 0.5, 1, and 2 h using two-color method with three biological replicates.
Project description:The plant hormone jasmonic acid (JA) has been known as a signal molecule that is induced by various stresses and mediates plant defense responses. Rice O. sativa inductively produces variety of defensive compounds upon abiotic and biotic stress conditions, such as wounding and insect attack. We identified wound-inducible genes by comparison with transcriptomes between wounded and untreated wild-type rice leaves. Expression profiling in wild-type rice leaves treated by wounding for 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 h was compared with that in untreated control using two-color method with two biological replicates.
Project description:The plant hormone jasmonic acid (JA) has been known as a signal molecule that is induced by various stresses and mediates plant defense responses. Rice O. sativa inductively produces variety of defensive compounds upon abiotic and biotic stress conditions, such as wounding and insect attack. The bHLH transcription factor RERJ1 has previously been identified as JA-inducible factor whose expression is also rapidly induced by wounding. We identified RERJ1-dependent and wound-inducible genes by comparison with transcriptomes of wound treated wild-type and a Tos17-rerj1 defective mutant rice. Expression profiling between rice leaves of wild-type and tos17-rerj1 mutant treated by wounding for 0, 0.5, 1 and 2 h was compared using two-color method with two biological replicates.
Project description:The resveratrol-producing rice (Oryza sativa L.) inbred line, Iksan 526 (I.526), developed by the expression of the groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) resveratrol synthase 3 (AhRS3) gene in the japonica rice cultivar Dongjin, accumulated both resveratrol and its glucoside, piceid, in leaves and seeds. Especially, ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) analysis revealed that the biosynthesis of piceid reached peak levels at 20 days after heading (DAH) seeds. To investigate endogenous piceid biosynthesis genes (UGTs), total RNA samples of 20 DAH seeds was used for RNA-seq.
Project description:Contrary to the relative wealth of information regarding pathogen defense responses in aboveground plant parts, little is known about the mechanistic basis and regulation of plant immunity in root tissues. Aiming to further our fundamental understanding of root immune responses, we have investigated the interaction between rice and one of its major root pathogens, the oomycete Pythium graminicola. The specificic objectives of this study were twofold: i) to disentangle the molecular and genetic basis of the rice-Pythium interaction by comparing the transcriptome of rice roots at different times after inoculation with a highly virulent Pythium strains, and ii) to offer fundamental insights into the genetic architecture and regulation of rice disease resistance pathways operative in root tissue and to identify the molecular players controlling the possible nodes of convergence between these resistance conduits Comparison between P. graminicola- and mock-infected rice roots. Two treatments (infected and non-infected) x three timepoints (1, 2 and 4 days post inoculation) x three biological replicates
Project description:Although Cochliobolus miyabeanus is an important fungal leaf pathogen on rice plants worldwide, it is largely neglected by molecular plant phytopathologists. To shed new light on the molecular and genetic basis of the rice M-bM-^@M-^S C. miyabeanus interaction, we compared the transcriptome of rice leaves 12h post inoculation to uninfected leaves. Even though usable sources of resistance against brown spot disease caused by C. miyabeanus are scarce, silicon application emerges as a sustainable protection strategy. Many articles report the beneficial effect of silicon on brown spot resistance. however the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. The influence of silicon application on the transcriptome of healthy and infected rice leaves 12hpi was compared as well in an attempt to disentangle the modulation of silicon-induced brown spot resistance. Comparison between C. miyabeanus- and mock-infected rice leaves 12h post inoculation. This study consist of a 2 x 2 factorial design (infected and non-infected; untreated and silicon-treated) in three biological replicates.
Project description:The use of biofertilizers is becoming an economical and environmentally friendly alternative to promote sustainable agriculture. Biochar from microalgae can be applied to enhance the productivity of food crops through soil improvement, slow nutrient absorption and release, increased water uptake, and long-term mitigation of greenhouse gas sequestration. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the stimulatory effects of biochar produced from Spirulina platensis biomass on the development and seed production of rice plants. Biochar was produced by slow pyrolysis at 300°C, and characterization was performed through microscopy, chemical, and structural composition analyses. Molecular and physiological analyses were performed in rice plants submitted to different biochar concentrations (0.02, 0.1, and 0.5 mg mL-1) to assess growth and productivity parameters. Morphological and physicochemical characterization revealed a heterogeneous morphology and the presence of K and Mg minerals in the biochar composition. Chemical modification of compounds post-pyrolysis and a highly porous structure with micropores were observed. Rice plants submitted to 0.5 mg mL-1 of biochar presented a decrease in root length, followed by an increase in root dry weight. The same concentration influenced seed production, with an increase of 44% in the number of seeds per plant, 17% in the percentage of full seeds per plant, 12% in the weight of 1,000 full seeds, 53% in the seed weight per plant, and 12% in grain area. Differential proteomic analyses in shoots and roots of rice plants submitted to 0.5 mg mL-1 of biochar for 20 days revealed a fine-tuning of resource allocation towards seed production. These results suggest that biochar derived from Spirulina platensis biomass can stimulate rice seed production.
Project description:Transcriptional profiling of Arabidopsis thaliana wild type (WT) comparing MD (mechanical damage) and HW (herbivore wounding). The differences in the biochemical responses to herbivory seen prompted us to search for less obvious differences between treatments using gene expression profiling. Biological replicates: 4 Two-condition experiment, MD vs. HW Arabidopsis leaves of WT plants. Biological replicates: 4 biological replicates.
Project description:Fourth leaves of rice seedlings (4.5 leaf stage) grown in hydroponic culture were inoculated with rice blast fungus and gene expression profiles were analyzed by microarray. Fourth leaves of the two isogenic lines of rice cv Nipponbare (blast-resistance gene: Pia or its mutant, pia) were inoculated with rice blast fungus, P91-15B, carrying avirulence gene, AvrPia. Total RNA was isolated, labeled with cy3, and probed with agilent rice oligoarray (4x44).