RNA-seq of mouse embryonic fibroblasts from Eif2b1[N208Y] mice cultured with or without 2BAct
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
INSTRUMENT(S): Illumina NovaSeq 6000
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
SUBMITTER: Karin Lin
PROVIDER: E-MTAB-15247 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:The integrated stress response (ISR) is a conserved signaling pathway triggered by a variety of insults that include ER stress, mitochondrial stress, amino acid deprivation, and viral infection. The essential stress sensor and key effector of this pathway is eIF2B, and loss-of-function mutations in any of its 5 subunits can lead to Vanishing White Matter disease (VWM) in humans. We generated and characterized mouse models harboring different pathogenic mutations to model VWM and to understand the impact of chronic ISR activation on organismal and cellular physiology. Here, we performed single nuclei RNA-seq on the cervical/thoracic spinal cord from 3-month-old homozygous Eif2b1[N208Y] and WT mice, either maintained on a 30 mg/kg 2BAct diet or withdrawn from the diet for 3 days (n=3 per group). 2BAct is a small molecule eIF2B activator that can stabilize eIF2B and improve its function.
2025-07-10 | E-MTAB-15300 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The integrated stress response (ISR) is a conserved signaling pathway triggered by a variety of insults that include ER stress, mitochondrial stress, amino acid deprivation, and viral infection. The essential stress sensor and key effector of this pathway is eIF2B, and loss-of-function mutations in any of its 5 subunits can lead to Vanishing White Matter disease (VWM) in humans. We generated and characterized mouse models harboring different pathogenic mutations to model VWM and to understand the impact of chronic ISR activation on organismal and cellular physiology. Here, we performed bulk RNA-seq on the cerebellum, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spinal cord, and spleen from 4-month-old homozygous Eif2b1[N208Y] and WT mice, either maintained on a 30 mg/kg 2BAct diet or withdrawn from the diet for 3 days. 2BAct is a small molecule eIF2B activator that can stabilize eIF2B and improve its function. This study also includes WT control mice naive to 2BAct diet.
2025-07-10 | E-MTAB-15273 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B is a master regulator of protein synthesis under normal and stress conditions. Mutations in any of the five genes encoding its subunits lead to Vanishing White Matter (VWM) disease, a recessive genetic deadly illness caused by progressive loss of white matter in the brain. Although fibroblasts are not involved in the disease, we used mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) isolated from Eif2b5R132H/R132H mice to demonstrate their compromised mitochondrial translation, unbalanced stoichiometry of proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation, decreased basal and maximal oxygen consumption rate, and increased mitochondrial abundance reflecting adaptation to meet energy requirements. The involvement of eIF2B in mitochondrial function and abundance was validated in primary astrocytes isolated from Eif2b5R132H/R132H mice brains. We found that oxidative respiration deficiency is more robust in astrocytes and does not reach normal cellular levels even following 2-fols increase in mitochondrial content. The consequent increase in basal and maximal glycolysis in mutant astrocytes demonstrates their enhanced sensitivity to the impaired oxidative phosphorylation, illuminating the importance of mitochondrial function in VWM pathology. The data demonstrates the critical role of eIF2B in tight coordination of expression from nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Further dissection of the signalling network associated with eIF2B function will help generating therapeutic strategies for VWM disease and possibly other neurodegenerative disorders.
2017-07-11 | PXD005854 | Pride
Project description:The integrated stress response (ISR) is a conserved signaling pathway triggered by a variety of insults that include ER stress, mitochondrial stress, amino acid deprivation, and viral infection. The essential stress sensor and key effector of this pathway is eIF2B, and loss-of-function mutations in any of its 5 subunits can lead to Vanishing White Matter disease (VWM) in humans. We generated and characterized mouse models harboring different pathogenic mutations to model VWM and to understand the impact of chronic ISR activation on organismal and cellular physiology. Here, we performed bulk RNA-seq on the cerebellum from 5-month-old homozygous Eif2b5[R191H] (n=4) and WT mice (n=5).
2025-06-30 | E-MTAB-15246 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The integrated stress response (ISR) is a conserved signaling pathway triggered by a variety of insults that include ER stress, mitochondrial stress, amino acid deprivation, and viral infection. The essential stress sensor and key effector of this pathway is eIF2B, and loss-of-function mutations in any of its 5 subunits can lead to Vanishing White Matter disease (VWM) in humans. We generated and characterized mouse models harboring different pathogenic mutations to model VWM and to understand the impact of chronic ISR activation on organismal and cellular physiology. Here, we performed single nuclei RNA-seq on the cervical/thoracic spinal cord from 2.5-month-old homozygous Eif2b5[R191H] (n=3) and WT mice (n=3).
2025-07-10 | E-MTAB-15295 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Purpose: The integrated stress response (ISR) attenuates the rate of protein synthesis while inducing expression of stress proteins in cells. Various insults activate kinases that phosphorylate the GTPase eIF2 leading to inhibition of its exchange factor eIF2B. Vanishing White Matter (VWM) is a neurological disease caused by eIF2B mutations that, like phosphorylated eIF2, reduce its activity. We performed RNA-seq analysis of cerebellum collected from mice harboring a homozygous point mutation in eIF2B5 (HO R191H), a mutation that causes a severe form of VWM in humans and compared gene expression to wildtype age-matched littermates to identify transcriptomic differences at early, mid and late time points during disease progression. We also performed RNA-seq on cerebellum collected from animals treated with the eIF2B activator 2BAct for 1 month to determine to what extent small molecule treatment could normalize the VWM transcriptome. Methods: Samples were collected at 2, 5, and 7 months of age. In addition, HO R191H and WT mice treated with and without with the eIF2B activator 2BAct for 1 month were profiled. RNA-seq libraries were prepared using purified RNA isolated from frozen tissue using the RNeasy Mini kit. RNA quality and concentration were assayed using a Fragment Analyzer instrument. RNA-seq libraries were prepared using the TruSeq Stranded Total RNA kit paired with the Ribo-Zero rRNA removal kit. Libraries were sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq 4000 instrument. For the experiment comparing different ages, N = 3 males/genotype/time point. For the 4-week 2BAct treatment experiment, N = 3 females/condition. Conclusions: HO R191H mutant brains show an elevated gene expression signature of the Integrated Stress Reponse in mice as early as 2 months, preceding the appearance of overt pathology in these animals. The expression of the ISR-related genes does not significantly increases at 5 months and 7 months of age. One month of treatment with 2BAct completely prevented the expression of ISR-related in genes in 2 month old animals.
2019-03-11 | GSE128092 | GEO
Project description:Decreased nucleotide exchange activity of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF2B coupled with increased phosphorylation of eIF2alpha (eIF2alpha-p) is a hallmark of the “canonical” integrated stress response (c-ISR). In mammals, however, it is unclear whether decreased eIF2B activity in absence of alterations in eIF2alpha-p which occurs in human disease including leukodystrophies, is synonymous to c-ISR. Herein, we describe a previously unknown mechanism of adaptation to decreased eIF2B activity, distinct from c-ISR, which we term “split” ISR (s-ISR). We demonstrate that s-ISR comprises translation reprogramming of only a subset of c-ISR mRNA targets which is accompanied by distinct transcriptomes. In contrast to c-ISR, s-ISR requires eIF4E-dependent translation of the upstream open reading frame 1 and subsequent stabilization of ATF4 mRNA. This is followed by altered expression of a subset of metabolic genes (e.g., PCK2), resulting in metabolic adaptations to maintain cellular bioenergetics under conditions of low eIF2B activity. Overall, these data demonstrate hitherto-unappreciated plasticity of the mammalian ISR, whereby the loss of eIF2B activity in the absence of increased eIF2-p, activates an eIF4E/ATF4/PCK2 axis to maintain energy homeostasis.
2025-01-22 | GSE268132 | GEO
Project description:Decreased nucleotide exchange activity of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF2B coupled with increased phosphorylation of eIF2alpha (eIF2alpha-p) is a hallmark of the “canonical” integrated stress response (c-ISR). In mammals, however, it is unclear whether decreased eIF2B activity in absence of alterations in eIF2alpha-p which occurs in human disease including leukodystrophies, is synonymous to c-ISR. Herein, we describe a previously unknown mechanism of adaptation to decreased eIF2B activity, distinct from c-ISR, which we term “split” ISR (s-ISR). We demonstrate that s-ISR comprises translation reprogramming of only a subset of c-ISR mRNA targets which is accompanied by distinct transcriptomes. In contrast to c-ISR, s-ISR requires eIF4E-dependent translation of the upstream open reading frame 1 and subsequent stabilization of ATF4 mRNA. This is followed by altered expression of a subset of metabolic genes (e.g., PCK2), resulting in metabolic adaptations to maintain cellular bioenergetics under conditions of low eIF2B activity. Overall, these data demonstrate hitherto-unappreciated plasticity of the mammalian ISR, whereby the loss of eIF2B activity in the absence of increased eIF2-p, activates an eIF4E/ATF4/PCK2 axis to maintain energy homeostasis.
2025-01-22 | GSE268130 | GEO
Project description:Decreased nucleotide exchange activity of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF2B coupled with increased phosphorylation of eIF2alpha (eIF2alpha-p) is a hallmark of the “canonical” integrated stress response (c-ISR). In mammals, however, it is unclear whether decreased eIF2B activity in absence of alterations in eIF2alpha-p which occurs in human disease including leukodystrophies, is synonymous to c-ISR. Herein, we describe a previously unknown mechanism of adaptation to decreased eIF2B activity, distinct from c-ISR, which we term “split” ISR (s-ISR). We demonstrate that s-ISR comprises translation reprogramming of only a subset of c-ISR mRNA targets which is accompanied by distinct transcriptomes. In contrast to c-ISR, s-ISR requires eIF4E-dependent translation of the upstream open reading frame 1 and subsequent stabilization of ATF4 mRNA. This is followed by altered expression of a subset of metabolic genes (e.g., PCK2), resulting in metabolic adaptations to maintain cellular bioenergetics under conditions of low eIF2B activity. Overall, these data demonstrate hitherto-unappreciated plasticity of the mammalian ISR, whereby the loss of eIF2B activity in the absence of increased eIF2-p, activates an eIF4E/ATF4/PCK2 axis to maintain energy homeostasis.
2025-01-22 | GSE268127 | GEO
Project description:Various stressors such as viral infection lead to the suppression of cap-dependent translation and the activation of the integrated stress response (ISR), since the stress-induced phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 [eIF2(αP)] tightly binds to eIF2B to prevent it from exchanging guanine nucleotide molecules on its substrate, unphosphorylated eIF2. Sandfly fever Sicilian virus (SFSV) evades this cap-dependent translation suppression through the interaction between its nonstructural protein NSs and host eIF2B. However, its precise mechanism has remained unclear. Here, our cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) analysis revealed that SFSV NSs binds to the α-subunit of eIF2B in a competitive manner with eIF2(αP). Together with SFSV NSs, eIF2B retains nucleotide exchange activity even in the presence of eIF2(αP), in line with the cryo-EM structures of the eIF2B•SFSV NSs•unphosphorylated eIF2 complex. A genome-wide ribosome profiling analysis clarified that SFSV NSs expressed in cultured human cells attenuates the ISR triggered by thapsigargin, an endoplasmic reticulum stress inducer. Furthermore, SFSV NSs introduced in rat hippocampal neurons and human induced-pluripotent stem (iPS) cell-derived motor neurons exhibited neuroprotective effects against the ISR-inducing stress. Since ISR inhibition is beneficial in various neurological disease models, SFSV NSs is promising as a therapeutic ISR inhibitor.
2021-11-11 | GSE174764 | GEO