Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Genome Wide Association Study, transcriptome and biochemical analyses provide insights into the root hydrotropic response of maize (Zea mays L.).

ABSTRACT: The subsistence of terrestrial plants depends upon the ability of roots to absorb water and nutrients from the soil. Directed growth of the primary root from a layer of the soil with low water content towards a zone with high water content is known as hydrotropism. This tropic response enables the root to reach soil with the proper humidity for plant growth, and therefore avoid drought conditions. Although the shortage of sufficient water is the single-most critical factor affecting world agriculture, there are very few studies on hydrotropism in crop plants. The strength of the hydrotropic response (angle of curvature) of the maize primary root in maize varies enormously. After phenotyping root hydrotropism in 231 Drought Tolerant Maize for Africa hybrids, we performed a Genome Wide Association Study and found two candidate genes that regulate the ubiquitin/26 proteasome system. We also compared the root transcriptomes between maize accessions with contrasting hydrotropic response after 6 h of hydro stimulation: (CML376<2/NVOL46)-74-1-1-B) (robust response) and (CML376<2/SNL17)-28-1-1-B) (weak response). This analysis revealed that hydrotropism in maize seems to be regulated by chaperones, heat shock proteins, late embryogenesis abundant proteins, and ubiquitin ligases. Furthermore, we biochemically examined the role of protein ubiquitination and protein degradation during hydrotropism. Our results suggest that the signal transduction pathways induced by hydro stimulation in maize are like those triggered by heat, water stress, and protein ubiquitination.

INSTRUMENT(S): Illumina HiSeq 2000

ORGANISM(S): Zea mays

SUBMITTER: Gladys Iliana Cassab

PROVIDER: E-MTAB-16240 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Low phosphate concentrations are frequently a constraint for maize growth and development, and therefore, enormous quantities of phosphate fertilizer are expended in maize cultivation, which increases the cost of planting. Low phosphate stress not only increases root biomass but can also cause significant changes in root morphology. Low phosphate availability has been found to favor lateral root growth over primary root growth by dramatically reducing primary root length and increasing lateral root elongation and lateral root density in Arabdopsis. While in our assay when inbred line Q319 subjected to phosphate starvation, The numbers of lateral roots and lateral root primordia were decreased after 6 days of culture in a low phosphate solution (LP) compared to plants grown under normal conditions (sufficient phosphate, SP), and these differences were increased associated with the stress caused by phosphate starvation. However, the growth of primary roots appeared not to be sensitive to low phosphate levels. This is very different to Arabidopsis. To elucidate how low phosphate levels regulate root modifications, especially lateral root development, a transcriptomic analysis of the 1.0-1.5 cm lateral root primordium zone (LRZ) of maize Q319 treated after 2 and 8 days by low phosphate was completed respectively. The present work utilized an Arizona Maize Oligonucleotide array 46K version slides, which contained 46,000 maize 70-mer oligonucleotides designated by TIGR ID, and the sequence information is available at the website of the Maize Oligonucleotide Array Project as the search item representing the >30,000 identifiable unique maize genes (details at http://www.maizearray.org). Keywords: low phosphate, Lateral Root Primordium Zone, maize Two-condition experiment, low phosphate treated lateral root primordium zone of maize root vs. normal cultrued lateral root primordium zone. Biological replicates: 9 control, 9 treated, independently grown and harvested. One replicate per array.

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Genome Wide Association Study, transcriptome and biochemical analyses provide insights into the root hydrotropic response of maize (Zea mays L.).

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